BEAUDRY.

13

BEECHER.

College, 1877-78; examiner since 1880; since bishop of Ohio; b. at Hudson, N.Y., Aug. 27, 1878 he has been pastor of the First Presby- 1817; graduated at Bristol College, Pennsylterian Church, Brantford, Ontario, Can. He has vania, 1836, and at the Virginia Theological written, besides numerous articles, An Examina- Seminary, 1840; became successively rector at tion of the Utilitarian Theory of Morals, Brantford, Westchester, Penn., 1841, and of the Church 1885; and has in preparation a work covering the of the Ascension, in New-York City, 1843; aswhole ground of apologetics. sistant bishop of Ohio, Oct. 13, 1859; and bishop, 1873. Besides sermons and addresses, he has written Canterbury Pilgrimage to and from the Lambeth Conference and Sheffield Congress, New York, 1878; The Pastor, a Text-book on Pastoral Theology, Philadelphia, 1880.

BEAUDRY, Louis Napoleon, Methodist; b. of Roman-Catholic French-Canadian parentage, at Highgate, Franklin County, Vt., Aug. 11, 1833; entered Troy Conference, 1856; studied in Troy University, but left before graduation, and became chaplain of the 5th regiment of cavalry, N.Y.S.V., Jan. 31, 1863; was in nearly one hundred engagements; in Libby Prison, Richmond, Va., during summer of 1863; and honorably discharged from the service, July 19, 1865. Since 1876 he has been a member of the Montreal Conference, and is now superintendent (presiding elder) of the French District of the conference, and professor of theology in French in the Wesleyan Theological College, Montreal. He was converted from Romanism through the influence of Rev. Joseph Cook, his classmate and room-mate at Keesville, N.Y., 1852-54. He has written, Army and Prison Experiences with the Fifth New-York Cavalry, the author of The Incarnation, New York, 1849; Albany, 1865, 4th ed. 1874; Spiritual Struggles of a Roman Catholic, New York, 1875 (6th Canadian ed., Toronto, 1883; French trans., Montreal, 1882; Spanish trans., Mexico, 1884).

BECKWITH, Right Rev. John Watrus, S.T.D. (Trinity College, Hartford, Conn., 1868), D.D. (University of Georgia, 1868), Episcopalian, bishop of Georgia; b. at Raleigh, N.C., Feb. 9, 1831; graduated at Trinity College, Hartford, 1852; became rector of Calvary Church, Wadesborough, N.C., 1855; of All Hallows' parish, Anne Arundel County, Md., 1856; chaplain in the Confederate army, 1861; rector of Trinity, New Orleans, 1865; bishop, 1868. He has published addresses, charges, sermons, historical and controversial tracts, etc.

BEECHER, Charles, Congregationalist; b. at Litchfield, Conn., Oct. 7, 1815; graduated at Bowdoin College, Maine, 1834; and at Lane Seminary, Cincinnati, O., 1837; was Presbyterian pastor at Fort Wayne, Ind., 1844-50; Congregational pastor at Newark, O., 1851-54; and at Georgetown, Mass., 1857-81; stated supply of Presbyterian church at Wysox, Penn., 1885. He believes that "the resurrection of The Christ, both head and members, is a true and proper Return to primeval glory in the celestial fatherland, forfeited, but redeemed by the blood of the Lamb slain from the foundation of the world." He is

Review of the Spiritual Manifestations, 1853; David and his Throne, 1855; Redeemer and Redeemed, Boston, 1864; Spiritual Manifestations, 1879; The Eden Tableau, 1880. He was joint editor with John Zundel of the music of the Plymouth Collection of Hymns and Tunes, New York, 1855; and editor of the Autobiography, etc., of his father, Lyman Beecher, 1865, 2 vols.

BEECHER, Edward, D.D. (Marietta College, 1831), Congregationalist; b. at East Hampton, Long Island, N.Y., Aug. 27, 1803; graduated at Yale College, 1822; studied for one year (1825) in Andover Theological Seminary, but did not graduate; was tutor in Yale College, 1825-26; pastor of the Park-street Church, Boston, 182630; president of Illinois College, 1830-44; pastor BECKX, Pierre Jean, General of the Society of the Salem-street Church, Boston, 1844-56; of Jesus (retired), Roman Catholic; b. at Sichem, senior editor of The Congregationalist, 1849–53; near Louvain, Belgium, Feb. 8, 1795; entered pastor in Galesburg, Ill., 1856-71; professor exthe novitiate of the Society of Jesus at Hildes- traordinary in Congregational Theological Semheim, Oct. 29, 1819; made his solemn profession, inary, Chicago, on the Christian organization of 1830; early distinguished himself; was appointed society, for some years after 1860. Since 1871 procurator for the province of Austria, 1847; he has resided, without pastoral charge, in Brookrector of the Louvain Jesuit College, 1848; sec-lyn, preaching often in various churches. retary to the provincial of Belgium, 1849; to that He is "an evangelical Calvinist, except as to of Austria, 1852; general of the Jesuit order, the nature and cause of original sin, and the July 2, 1853; removed the headquarters of the question of the suffering of God and its influence Society from Rome to Fiesole, near Florence, in the atonement. He holds that sin did not Italy, 1870; retired from active service, Septem- come through the material system, and of course ber, 1883, and lives quietly at the Collegio Ger- not through the fall of Adam, but that the matemanico in Rome. His successor is Vicar-general rial system by its analogies is adapted to regenAnthony M. Anderledy, a native of Switzerland, erate those who have made themselves sinful in who was for some years attached to the province a previous state of existence. The doctrine of of St. Louis, U.S.A., who will on Father Beckx' divine suffering he holds as presenting the chardeath become general. Father Beckx has proved acter of God in its most affecting and powerful himself most efficient in inspiring the Society aspects, and as essential to a true view of the with new zeal, especially for carrying on missions atonement. in Protestant countries. Besides some minor compositions, he wrote the widely circulated and frequently translated Month of Mary: Scenes from the Life of the Virgin, arranged for the Month of May; with Prayers, etc., Vienna, 1843.

BEDELL, Right Rev. Gregory Thurston, D.D. (Norwich University, Vt., 1856), Episcopalian,

"He went to Alton, Ill., in 1837, to aid in defending the freedom of the press in the case of E. P. Lovejoy. Resisted by the mob spirit, he aided in forming the Illinois State Anti-slavery Society, drew up its constitution and declaration of principles, and published an address to the people of the State. He was with E. P. Lovejoy and Owen

BEECHER.

Lovejoy, his brother, the night before the former's death, Nov. 6, 1837. He aided in landing the second press, and in storing it in the stone store of Godfrey and Gilman, where in defending it E. P. Lovejoy was slain."

Since 1824, he has published in various religious journals articles on questions of theology and practical reform, amounting in all to many volumes. His books are: On the Kingdom of God, Boston, 1827; History of the Alton Riots, Cincinnati, 1838; Import and Modes of Baptism, New York, 1849; The Conflict of Ages, exposing False Views of the Origin of Sin, False Interpretations on which they are based, the Great Conflict thence originating, and the Means of the Restoration of Harmony, Boston, 1853, 5th ed. 1855; The Concord of Ages: A Defence of the Historical Statements and the Interpretations of The Conflict of Ages, and a more Full Discussion of the Doctrine of the Suffering of God, and its Wide Range of Influence in harmonizing the Church, New York, 1853; The Papal Conspiracy, exposing the Principles and Plans of the Papacy with respect to this Country, Boston, 1855; History of Opinions on the Scriptural Doctrine of Retribution, New York, 1878.

1875; Evolution and Religion, 1885. Cf. LYMAN ABBOTT: Henry Ward Beecher, N.Y., 1883.

BEECHER, Thomas Kennicutt, brother of the preceding, Congregationalist; b. at Litchfield, Conn., Feb. 10, 1824; graduated at Illinois College, 1843, under his brother Edward; became school-principal in Philadelphia, 1846, and in Hartford, Conn., 1848; pastor in Brooklyn, N.Y., 1852; in Elmira, 1854. His theological standpoint is "that of the New Testament, Apostles' Creed, and Catholic faith." He is the author of Our Seven Churches, New York, 1870 [a volume of discourses, in a catholic spirit, upon the denominations represented in Elmira], and various arti cles in periodicals.

BEECHER, Willis Judson, D.D. (Hamilton College, 1875), Presbyterian; b. at Hampden, O., April 29, 1838; graduated at Hamilton College, N.Y., 1858, and at Auburn Theological Seminary, N.Y., 1864; became pastor at Ovid, N. Y., 1864; professor of moral science and belles-lettres in Knox College, Ill., 1865; acting pastor at Galesburg, Ill., 1869; professor of Hebrew language and literature in Auburn Seminary, 1871. He has written Farmer Tompkins and his Bibles, Philadelphia, 1874; General Catalogue of Auburn Theological Seminary, Auburn, 1883; Drill Lessons in Hebrew, 1883; and jointly with Mary A. Beecher, Index of Presbyterian Ministers, 1706– 1881, Philadelphia, 1883.

BEECHER, Henry Ward, Congregationalist; b. at Litchfield, Conn., June 24, 1813; graduated at Amherst College, Mass., 1834; and at Lane The ological Seminary, Cincinnati, O., 1837, where his father was professor; became successively BEET, Joseph Agar, Wesleyan Methodist; b. pastor of the Presbyterian Church at Lawrence- at Sheffield, Eng., Sept. 27, 1840; educated at burg, Ind., 1837; and at Indianapolis, 1839; and Wesley College, Sheffield, and Wesleyan Theoof Plymouth Congregational Church, Brooklyn, logical College, Richmond, London; for twentyN.Y, 1847. The latter building seats nearly one years held pastoral charges as a Wesleyan 3,000, and the membership is (1885) 2,618. Besides preaching, Mr. Beecher has done much lecturing and political speaking, particularly in behalf of various reform movements. From its start in 1858 to 1861, he was a regular contributor to The Independent, a religious weekly of New-York City, and from 1861 to 1863 its editor. From 1870 to 1880, he was editor of the New-York Christian Union, a paper of the same tendency. Mr. Beecher visited Europe in 1863, and courageously defended the side of the Northern States in the Civil War then raging.

minister; in 1885 entered the faculty of the Wesleyan Theological College at Richmond, as professor of systematic theology. Besides articles, he has published Commentary on the Epistle to the Romans, London, 1877, 5th ed. 1885; Holiness as understood by the Writers of the Bible, 1880, 3d ed. 1883; Commentary on the Epistles to the Corinthians, 1882, 3d ed. 1885; Commentary on the Epistle to the Galatians, 1885. (These works have been republished in New York.)

BEHRENDS, Adolphus Julius Frederick, D.D. (Richmond College, 1873), Congregationalist; b. at Nymegen, Holland, Dec. 18, 1839; graduated at Denison University, O., 1862, and at Rochester (Baptist) Theological Seminary, N.Y., 1865; became pastor of the Baptist Church at Yonkers, N.Y., 1865; of the First Baptist Church, Cleveland, O., 1873; of the Union Congregational Church, Providence, R.I., 1876; and of the Central Congregational Church, Brooklyn, N.Y., 1883. BENDER, Wilhelm (Friedrich), Ph.D. (Götting

On Oct. 10, 1882, he withdrew from the Association to which he belonged, because he did not wish to compromise it by his alleged heresies. The chief points of his divergence from the orthodox position relate to the person of Christ, whom he considers to be the Divine Spirit under the limitations of time, space, and flesh; miracles, which he considers divine uses of natural laws; and future punishment, whose endlessness he denies, inclining to a modification of the annihi-en, 1868), D.D. (same, hon., 1877), German Protlation theory. He calls his standpoint "evangelical progressive: anti-Calvinistic."

estant; b. at Münzenberg, Hesse, Jan. 15, 1845; studied at Göttingen and Giessen, 1863-66; and His sermons have been published weekly since at the theological seminary at Friedberg, 18661859, and in book form in numerous volumes. 67; became teacher of religion and assistant He says he is the author of "swarms of books preacher at Worms, 1868; ordinary professor of - of which I know less than any other person theology at Bonn, 1876. He is the author of of all sorts, some thirty to forty." Of these Schleiermachers philosophische Gotteslehre, Worms, books may be mentioned, Lectures to Young Men, 1868; Der Wunderbegriff des Neuen Testaments, New York, 1850; Star Papers, 1855; Life Thoughts, Frankfurt-a.-M., 1871; Schleiermachers Theologie 1858; Eyes and Ears, 1863; Royal Truths, 1864; mit ihren philosophischen Grundlagen, Nördlingen, Norwood (a novel), 1867; Lecture-room Talks, 1876-78, 2 vols.; Friedrich Schleiermacher und die 1870; Life of Christ, vol. i., 1871; Yale Lectures Frage nach dem Wesen der Religion, Bonn, 1877; on Preaching, 1872-74, 3 vols.; A Summer Farish, Johann Conrad Dippel. Der Freigeist aus dem Pie

tismus, 1882; Reformation und Kirchenthum, 1883, chaplain in ordinary to the Queen, 1875-77. In 9th ed. 1884; Das Wesen der Religion und die 1877 he was consecrated the first lord bishop Grundgesetze der Kirchenbildung, 1886 (1885), 3d of the new see of Truro; in 1882 he was transed. same year. ferred to Canterbury, and enthroned March 29, BENNETT, Charles Wesley, D.D. (Genesee 1883. His Grace is one of the lords of her MajesCollege, N.Y., 1870), Methodist; b. at Bethany, ty's Most Honorable Privy Council, president N.Y., July 18, 1828; graduated from Wesleyan of the Corporation of the Sons of the Clergy, University, Middletown, Conn., 1852; studied of the Society for Promoting Christian Knowl church history and archæology in Berlin University, and travelled in Europe and the East, 186669; was in educational work in connection with schools until 1871, when he became professor of history in Syracuse University; since 1885 he has been professor of historical theology in the Garrett Biblical Institute (Methodist), Evanston, Ill. He edited the "Methodist" department of Appletons' Encyclopædia, revised edition. He has published, besides articles, History of the Philosophy of Pedagogics, New York, 1877; National Education in Italy, France, Germany, England, and Wales, Syracuse, 1878; Christian Art and Archaology of the First Six Centuries (nearly ready).

BENRATH, Karl, German Protestant theologian; b. at Düren, Germany, Aug. 10, 1845; studied at Bonn, Berlin, and Heidelberg, 1863-67; taught in the city school of Düren until 1872; then studied in Italy, principally in Rome (187275, 1878-79); became privat-docent at Bonn, 1876, and professor extraordinary, 1879. He has written Bernardino Ochino von Siena, Leipzig, 1875; Ueber die Quellen der italienischen Reformationsgeschichte, Bonn, 1876; Die Summa der Heiligen Schrift, ein Zeugniss aus dem Zeitalter der Reformation für die Rechtfertigung aus dem Glauben, Leipzig, 1880.

edge, and of the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel, an official trustee of the British Museum, and a governor of Wellington College and the Charter House. The population of the diocese of Canterbury is (1885) 653,269; the yearly income of the see is £15,000; there are two residences. Dr. Benson has issued Sermons preached in Wellington College Chapel, London, 1859; Work, Friendship, and Worship (Cambridge University sermons), 1871; Boy-life, its Trials, its Strength, its Fulness (Wellington sermons, 1859-72), 1874, new ed. 1883; Singleheart, 1877, 2d ed. 1883; The Cathedral, its Necessary Place in the Life and Work of the Church, 1879; The Seven Gifts, 1885.

BENTON, Angelo Ames, M.A., Episcopalian; b. at Canea, Crete, July 3, 1837; graduated at Trinity College, Hartford, 1856; served several parishes in North Carolina, 1860-83; became professor of mathematics and modern languages in Delaware College, Newark, Del., 1883; transferred to the chair of ancient languages, 1885. He edited The Church Cyclopædia, Philadelphia, 1884.

BENTON, Joseph Augustine, D.D. (Yale College, 1870), Congregationalist; b. at Guilford, Conn., May 7, 1818; graduated at Yale College, BENSLY, Robert Lubbock, M.A., layman, 1842, and Yale Theological Seminary, 1846; Church of England; b. at Eaton, near Norwich, made the voyage to California via Cape Horn Eng., Aug. 24, 1831; was educated at King's with the "Argonauts" in 1849; was pastor of College, London, Gonville and Caius College, Congregational churches in Sacramento (1849-63) Cambridge; studied in University of Halle, Ger- and San Francisco (1863-69); since 1867 editormany; was appointed reader in Hebrew at Gon-in-chief of The Pacific, organ of the California ville and Caius College, 1863; and elected fellow Congregational churches; and since 1869 professin 1876. He is now (1885) lecturer in Hebrew and Syriac in his college; examiner in the Hebrew text of the Old Testament in the University of London; and was a member of the Old-Testament Revision Company. He has edited The Missing Fragment of the Latin Translation of the Fourth Book of Ezra, discovered and edited with an Introduction and Notes, Cambridge, 1875.

or in the Pacific Theological Seminary (Congregational), Oakland, Cal. He officiated as chaplain at the inauguration of the Central Pacific Railway, Jan. 8, 1863; and at the completion of the same (on the same spot), May 8, 1869. He has written, besides sermons and addresses, The California Pilgrim, Sacramento, 1853.

BERGER, Daniel, D.D. (Westfield College, Ill., 1878), United Brethren in Christ; b. near Reading, Penn., Feb. 14, 1832; studied privately at Springfield, O.; became a school-teacher, 1852; principal of public high school, Springfield, O., 1855; pastor, 1858; editor of publishing house of United Brethren in Christ, Dayton, O., 1864; edited the leading church weekly, The Religious Telescope, until 1869, and since, the denominational Sunday-school literature.

BENSON, Right Honorable and Most Reverend Edward White, D.D. (Cambridge, 1867), Lord Archbishop of Canterbury, and Primate of All England, and Metropolitan; b. near Birmingham, July 14, 1829; educated at Trinity College, Cambridge; graduated B.A. (senior optime and firstclass classical tripos), and members' prizeman, 1852; M.A., 1855; B.D., 1862; Hon. D.C.L. (Oxford), 1884; was ordained deacon, 1853; priest, 1857. He was also fellow of Trinity Col- BERGER, Samuel, French Lutheran theololege, Cambridge, and senior chancellor medallist. gian; b. at Beaucourt (Haut-Rhin), May 2, His Grace was assistant master at Rugby School, 1843; studied at Strasbourg and Tübingen; in 1853-59; first head master of Wellington Col- 1867 he became assistant preacher in the Lutherlege, 1859-72; examining chaplain to the Bishop an Church in Paris; in 1877, librarian to the of Lincoln, 1869; prebendary of Heydour with Paris faculty of Protestant theology. He is the Walton in Lincoln Cathedral, 1869-72; chan- author of F. C. Baur, les origines de l'école de cellor and canon residentiary of Lincoln, 1872- Tubingue et ses principes, Paris, 1867; La Bible 77; select preacher at Cambridge, 1864, 1871, au seizième siècle ;. Etude sur les origines de la cri1875, 1876, 1879, 1882; and same at Oxford, tique, 1879; De glossariis et compendiis biblicis qui1875-76; honorary chaplain to the Queen, 1873;|busdam medii aevi, 1879; Du rôle de la dogmatique

BEVAN.

17

BIEDERMANN.

gymnasium of the Halle orphanage, 1883; in the hauptes, Münster, 1870 (pp. 24); Conspectus rei Missions Seminary, Leipzig, 1884. He is author of Syrorum literaria, 1871; Messa u. Pascha, 1872; Qua ratione Augustinus notiones philosophiæ græcæ ad dogmata anthropologica describenda adhibuerit, Erlangen, 1877; (edited) J. Ch. K. von Hofmanns Encyclopædie der Theologie, Nördlingen, 1879; Geschichte der christlichen Sitte, 1880 sqq., Bnd. II. 2te Abt. 1885; Die theologische Wissenschaft und die Ritschl'sche Schule, eine Streitschrift, Nordlingen, 1881; Die Anfänge des Katholischen Christenthums und des Islams, 1884.

S. Isaaci Antiocheni opera omnia, Giessen, 1873; Metrices biblica regulæ exemplis illustrate, Innsbruck, 1879; Synodi Brixinenses sæculi XV. Primus ed., 1880; Carmina V. T. metrica, 1882; Dichtungen der Hebräer, 1882; Der Prediger über den Wert des Daseins, 1884. He is also editor of a theological quarterly, and contributor to the new edition of Wetzer and Welte's Kirchenlexikon.

*

BEVAN, Llewelyn David, D.D. (Princeton, BICKERSTETH, Very Rev. Edward, D.D. (hon. 1879), Congregationalist; b. at Llanelly, Caer- Cambridge, 1864), F.R.G.S., dean of Lichfield, marthenshire, South Wales, Sept. 11, 1842; stud- Church of England; b. at Acton, Suffolk, Oct. ied at New College, London; graduated at Lon- 23, 1814; was scholar of Sidney Sussex College, don University, B.A. (an English exhibitioner), Cambridge; graduated B.A. (senior optime), 1861; with first-class philosophy honors, 1863; 1836; M.A., 1839; wrote the theological prize LL.B. (with first-class honors), 1866; became essay, and became licentiate in theology at Durassistant at King's Weigh-house Chapel, London, ham University, 1837; was ordained deacon, 1837; 1865; minister of Tottenham-court Road Chapel priest, 1839; curate of Chetton, 1838; the Abbey, (Whitefield's), London, 1869; of the Brick Pres- Shrewsbury, 1839; perpetual curate of Pennbyterian Church, New-York City, 1876; of High-street, Bucks, and rural dean of Amersham, 1849; bury Quadrant Church, London, 1882. He was vicar of Aylesbury, and archdeacon of Buckingassociated with Rev. F. D. Maurice in the Work- ham, 1853; dean of Lichfield, 1875. He was seingmen's College, London; professor at New College for some years; elected member of the London School Board, 1873. Besides separate sermons and discourses, he has published Sermons to Students, New York, 1880; Christ and the Age, London, 1885.

lect preacher at Cambridge in 1861, 1864, 1873, and 1878, and at Oxford in 1875; prolocutor of the Convocation of Canterbury, 1864-80. He is chairman of the Executive Committee of the Central Council of Diocesan Conferences, and was a New-Testament reviser. He is the author of Questions illustrating the Thirty-nine Articles of the Church of England, London, 1844, 6th ed. 1877; The Mercian Church and St. Chad (a sermon), 1880, 2d ed. 1881; My Hereafter, 1883; The Revised Version of the New Testament (a lecture), 1885. He contributed the commentary on St. Mark's Gospel to The Pulpit Commentary, 1882, 5th ed. 1885; and in 1877 edited the fifth edition of R. W. Evan's Bishopric of Souls, originally published 1842, with a memoir of the author.

BEYSCHLAG, Willibald, D.D., German Protestant_theologian; b. at Frankfort-on-the-Main, Sept. 5, 1823; court-preacher at Carlsruhe (1856); appointed in 1860, ordinary professor of theology in Halle, and since 1876 also editor of the Deutsche Evangelische Blätter, an organ of the so-called "Mittelpartei." Of his numerous writings, besides volumes of sermons and single discourses, may be mentioned, Die Christologie des Neuen Testaments, Berlin, 1866; Die paulinische Theodicee Rom. ix.-xi., 1868; Die Christliche Gemeinde- BICKERSTETH, Right Rev. Edward Henry, verfassung im Zeitalter des Neuen Testaments (Von lord bishop of Exeter, Church of England; b. at der Teyler'schen theol. Gesell. gekr. Preiss.), Haar- Islington, Jan. 25, 1825; educated at Trinity lem, 1874; Zur Johanneischen Frage, Gotha, 1876; College, Cambridge; graduated B.A. (senior opthe biographies of his brother, F. W. T. Bey-time and third-class classical tripos), 1847; M.A., schlag (Aus dem Leben eines Frühvollendeten, Berlin, 1858-59, 2 parts, 5th ed. 1878), of Carl Ullmann (Gotha, 1867), of Carl Immanuel Nitzsch (Halle, 1872, 2d ed. 1882), and of Albrecht Wolters (1880). His latest work is Das Leben Jesu, Halle, 1885-86, 2 vols. He edited Huther's commentary upon James in the revised Meyer series (Göttingen, 1882).

BICKELL, Gustav, D.D. (Innsbruck, 1875), Roman-Catholic theologian, the son of a distinguished Protestant jurist; b. in Cassel, July 7, 1838; became in 1862 privat-docent at Marburg in Indo-Germanic and Shemitic philology; the same at Giessen, 1863; but in 1865 went over to the Roman Church, was ordained priest in 1866; and after teaching Oriental languages in the Münster Academy from 1867 till 1874 became professor of the Shemitic languages and Christian archæology at Innsbruck. He is the author of De indole ac ratione versionis Alexandrinæ in interpretando libro Jobi, Marburg, 1862; S. Ephraemi Syri carmina Nisibena, Leipzig, 1866; Grundriss der hebräischen Grammatik, 1869-70, 2 parts, English trans. by Prof. S. I. Curtiss, Ph.D., D.D., Leipzig, 1877; Gründe für die Unfehlbarkeit des Kirchenober

1850; Seatonian prize-man, 1854; was ordained deacon, 1848; priest, 1849; became curate of Banningham, Norfolk, 1848; of Christ Church, Tunbridge Wells, 1852; rector of Hinton Martel, Dorset, 1852; vicar of Christ Church, Hampstead, London, 1855; chaplain to the bishop of Ripon (1857-84); rural dean of Highgate, 1878; dean of Gloucester, 1885; and bishop of Exeter, 1885. He is best known as the author of Yesterday, To-day, and Forever: a Poem in Twelve Books, London, 1866, 18th ed. 1886; but besides other poems, and the widely used Hymnal Companion to the Book of Common Prayer, 1870, revised ed. 1876, he has published a Practical and Explanatory Commentary on the New Testament, 1864, and other volumes in prose, of which may be mentioned, The Spirit of Life, or Scripture Testimony to the Divine Person and Work of the Holy Ghost, 1870; Water from the Well-Spring for the Sabbath Hours of Afflicted Believers, new ed., 1885; The Reef, and Other Parables, 1873, 3d ed. 1885; The Shadowed Home and the Light beyond, 1874, new ed. 1875; The Lord's Supper, 1881; From Year to Year, 1883.

BIEDERMANN, Alois Emanuel, D.D., Swiss Protestant; b. at Oberrieden, March 2, 1819: