DABNEY, Robert Lewis, D.D. (Hampden-Sid- | will live forever: the rest of the race will sooner ney College, 1853), LL.D. (do., 1872), Presbyte- or later cease to exist." Besides many articles of rian (Southern); b. in Louisa County, Va., March importance, addresses separately published, and 5, 1820; after studying in Hampden-Sidney Col- an edition of Reuss's History of Christian Theollege, Va., to the beginning of senior year, he ogy in the Apostolic Age (translated by Annie Harentered the University of Virginia, Charlottes- wood, London, 1872-74, 2 vols.), he has issued Life ville, took the whole M. A. course, then the full and Letters of the Rev. J. A. James, London, 1861, theological course in Union Theological Seminary, 5th ed. 1862; The Jewish Temple and the Christian Va., and graduated in 1846; became missionary Church, 1865, 7th ed. 1886; Discourses delivered in Virginia, 1846; pastor of Tinkling-Spring on Special Occasions, 1866; Week-day Sermons, Church, Augusta County, Va., 1847; professor of 1867, 4th ed. 1883; The Ten Commandments, 1871, church history in the Union Theological Semi- 5th ed. 1885; Protestantism: its Ultimate Princinary, Va., 1853, and of theology in the same ple, 1874, 2d ed. 1875; The Atonement (the Coninstitution, 1869; professor of philosophy, men- gregational Union lecture for 1875), 1875, 9th tal, moral, and political, in the State University ed. 1883 (German trans. from 7th ed., Gotha, of Texas, Austin, 1883 (his health requiring a 1880, also French trans. and New-York reprint); milder climate). From 1858 till 1874 he was Nine Lectures on Preaching (Lyman Beecher lecco-pastor of the Hampden-Sidney College Church. tures, referred to above), 1877, 5th ed. 1886; The In 1861 he was a chaplain in the Confederate | Evangelical Revival, and other Sermons, 1880, 2d army, with the Virginia troops; in 1862, chief of ed. 1881; Epistle to the Ephesians: its Doctrine staff of the Second Corps under Gen. T. J. Jack-and Ethics, 1882, 3d ed. 1884; The Laws of Christ son. In 1870 he was moderator of the Southern for Common Life, 1884, 2d ed. 1885; Manual of General Assembly. He has published Memoir of Congregational Principles, 1884. He edited The Dr. F. S. Sampson, Richmond, 1854; Life of Gen. English Hymn-book, Birmingham, 1875, containThomas J. Jackson, New York, 1866; Defence of ing 1,260 hymns. For a time he was joint editor Virginia and the South, 1867; Treatise on Sacred of The Eclectic Review, and for seven years sole Rhetoric, Richmond, 1870, 3d ed. 1881; Sensualistic editor of The Congregationalist. Philosophy of the Nineteenth Century examined, New York, 1875; Theology, Dogmatic and Polemic, Richmond, 1874, 3d ed. 1885.

As

DALE, Robert William, D.D. (Yale, 1877), LL.D. (Glasgow, 1883), Congregationalist; b. in London, Dec. 1, 1829; educated at Spring Hill College, Birmingham (1847-53), graduated M. A. (with gold medal) at the University of London, 1853; and in June of that year was ordained and installed as co-pastor with John Angell James of the Carr's-lane (Congregational) Church, Birmingham, and since Mr. James's death in 1859 sole pastor. In 1869 he was chairman of the Congregational Union of England and Wales. In 1877 he was lecturer at Yale Seminary on the Lyman Beecher foundation. He is governor of King Edward VI.'s School, Birmingham, on appointment of the Senate of the University of London. He takes an active part in religious, political (radical), and educational matters. for his theology, he is in "general agreement with evangelical theologians, but claims freedom in relation to inspiration of the Scriptures, and differs widely from the traditional evangelical school in principles of criticism and exegesis." His views are most fully set forth in his Epistle to the Ephesians. He "assigns a fundamental position to the relations of the human race to the Eternal Son of God, in whom the race was created. Only by the free consent of the individual man to God's eternal election of him in Christ can he actually realize union with God and the possession of eternal life. The potency of immortality is in the race, and all men survive death and will be judged; but that only those who consent to find the root of their life in Christ

DALES, John Blakely, D.D. (Franklin College, O., 1853), United Presbyterian; b. at Kortright, Delaware County, N. Y., Aug. 6, 1815; graduated at Union College, Schenectady, N. Y., 1835, and at the Associate Reformed Presbyterian Theological Seminary, Newburgh, N.Y., 1839; has been pastor of the First Associate Reformed (now Second United) Presbyterian Church, Philadelphia, Penn., since June 4, 1840, and held the following positions: editor in part of Christian Instructor (1846-79); professor of church history and pastoral theology in Newburgh Theological Seminary (1867-76); moderator of the General Assembly (1867); recording secretary of the Presbyterian Historical Society (Philadelphia) since 1851; corresponding secretary of the Board of Foreign Missions of the United Presbyterian Church, since its organization in 1859; stated clerk of the United Presbyterian Synod of New York since 1863. He is the author of Roman Catholicism, Philadelphia, 1842; Introduction to Lectures on Odd Fellowship, 1851; The Dangers and Duties of Young Men, 1857; History of the Associate Reformed Church and its Missions (in the Church Memorial), Xenia, O., 1859; A Memorial Discourse on the fortieth anniversary of his pastorate, Philadelphia, 1882; a Church Manual, 1884.

DALTON, Hermann, D.D. (hon., Marburg, 1883), German Reformed; b. at Offenbach, near Frankfurt-am-Main, Aug. 20, 1833 (his father was an Englishman); studied at the universities of Marburg, Berlin, and Heidelberg, 1853-56; has been since 1858 pastor of the German Reformed Church in St. Petersburg, Russia, and member of the ecclesiastical council of the Reformed Church

D'ALVIELLA.

a university education; was ordained in 1863, and
the same year was appointed professor of Hebrew
and Old-Testament exegesis in New College,
Edinburgh, which position he still holds. He was
a member of the Old-Testament Company of
Revisers. He is the author of A Commentary on
Job, Edinburgh, vol. i., 1862; An Introductory
Hebrew Grammar, 1874, 4th ed. 1881; The Epistle
to the Hebrews, with Introduction and Notes, 1882
(in Clark's Handbooks for Bible Classes); Job,
Cambridge, 1884 (in Cambridge Bible for Schools,
edited by Dean Perowne).

*

in Russia; since 1876 founder and chairman of the evangelical city mission. He has published, besides minor works, Nathanael, Vorträge über das Christenthum, St. Petersburg, 1861, 3d ed. 1886; Geschichte der reformirten Kirche in Russland, Gotha, 1865; Das Gebet des Herrn in den Sprachen Russlands, Linguistische Studie mit Text in 108 Sprachen, St. Petersburg, 1870; Immanuel, Der Heidelberger Katechismus als Bekenntniss- u. Erbauungsbuch, der evangel. Gemeinde erklärt und ans Herz gelegt, Wiesbaden, 1870, 2d ed. 1883 (translated into Dutch); Reisebilder aus dem Orient, St. DAVIDSON, Very Rev. Randall Thomas, dean Petersburg, 1871; Die evangelische Bewegung in Spanien, Wiesbaden, 1872 (translated into Dutch); of Windsor, Church of England; b. in Scotland Johannes Gossner, Berlin, 1874, 2d ed. 1878 (trans- in the year 1848; educated at Trinity College, lated into Dutch); Reisebilder aus London und Hol- Oxford; graduated B.A., 1871, M.A. 1875; orland, Wiesbaden, 1875; Johannes von Muralt, 1876; dained deacon 1874, priest 1875; was curate of Die evangelischen Strömungen in der russischen Dartford, Kent, 1874-77; resident chaplain to Kirche der Gegenwart, Heilbronn, 1881 (translated Archbishop of Canterbury (both Tait and Beninto Dutch, French, and English); Johannes a son), 1877-83; examining chaplain to the bishop Lasco, Gotha, 1881 (translated into Dutch and of Durham, 1881-83; sub-almoner and honorary English); Reisebilder aus Griechenland und Klein- chaplain to the Queen, 1882; one of the six asien, Randzeichnungen zu einigen Stellen des Neuen preachers of Canterbury Cathedral; appointed Testamentes, Bremen, 1884; Ferienreise eines evan-dean, 1883; Queen's domestic chaplain, 1883. gelischen Predigers, 1885 (with an account of the Belfast Council of the Reformed Churches, and the Copenhagen Conference of the Evangelical Alliance, 1884, which the author attended as a delegate). Besides these may be mentioned his edifying and devotional writings which are all published in Basel, and have been widely circulated: Der verlorne Sohn, Die Familie (1865, 2d ed. 1870), Die sieben Worte am Kreuze (1871), Bethanien (1875), Die Heilung des Blindgebornen (1882).

D'ALVIELLA, Count Goblet; b. in Brussels, Aug. 10, 1846; educated at the University of Brussels, 1865-69; became "conseiller provincial" in Brabant, 1872; member of Parliament, 1878; professor of the history of religion in the University of Brussels, 1884. He has received from this university doctorates in political and administrative science 1866, in law 1869, and in philosophy and letters 1884. His theological standpoint is that of "Free Religion." He accompanied the Prince of Wales in India as special correspondent of the Indépendance Belge (1875-76). He has written L'établissement des Cobourg en Portugal, Brussels, 1869; Désarmer ou Déchoir ("ouvrage couronné par la Ligue de la Paix "), Paris, 1871; Sahara et Laponie, 1873, 2d ed. 1876 (English trans. by Mrs. Cashel Hoey, Sahara and Lapland, London, 1874); Le catholicisme libéral aujourd'hui et autrefois, Brussels, 1875; Inde et Himalaya, Paris, 1877, 2d ed. 1880; Partie perdue, 1877; Souvenirs d'un voyage dans l'Atlantique, Verviers, 1881; De la nécessité d'introduire l'histoire des Religions dans notre enseignement public, Brussels, 1882; Harrison contre Spencer, étude sur la valeur religieuse de l'Inconnaissable, Paris, 1884; L'évolution religieuse contemporaine chez les Anglais, les Américains et les Hindous, 1884 (English trans. by Rev. J. Hoden, The Contemporary Evolution of Religious Thought in England, America, and India, New York, 1885). Besides these he has written articles upon the history of religion in the Revue des Deux Mondes, Revue de Belgique, Revue de l'Histoire des Religions,

etc.

DAVIDSON, Andrew Bruce, D.D., Free Church of Scotland; b. in Scotland about 1840; received

DAVIDSON, Samuel, D.D. (hon., Halle, 1848), LL.D. (hon., Marischal College, Aberdeen, 1838); b. at Kellswater, near Ballymena, County Antrim, Ireland, Sept. 23, 1807; educated at the From 1835 to 1841, when he Royal Academical Institution, Belfast, completing the course in 1832. resigned, he was professor of biblical criticism at Belfast to the Presbyterian body called the General Synod of Ulster. In 1842 he became professor of biblical literature and ecclesiastical history in the Lancashire Independent College at Manchester. In 1857 he resigned this position in consequence of an adverse vote of the managing committee, apparently founded upon the view of inspiration expressed in the second volume of the tenth edition of Horne's Introduction (see below). Dr. Davidson enjoyed the friendship of Tholuck, Hupfeld, Roediger, Erdmann, Bleek, Lücke, Gieseler, Neander, Ewald, Tischendorf, and other His bibdistinguished German theologians. His own theological standpoint is rationalistic. lical scholarship is evinced by the following works: (1) Lectures on Biblical Criticism, Edinburgh, 1839; (2) Sacred Hermeneutics, 1843; (3) Gieseler's Compendium of Ecclesiastical History, translated from the German, 1846-47, 2 vols.; (4) Ecclesiastical Polity of the New Testament, London, 1848, 2d ed. 1854; (5) Introduction to the New Testament, 1848, 1849, 1851, 3 vols.; (6) A Treatise on Biblical Criticism (superseding No. 1), Edinburgh, 1852, 2 vols.; (7) The Hebrew Text of the Old Testament revised from Critical Sources, London, 1855; The Text of the Old Testament considered; with a Treatise on Sacred Interpretation, and a brief Introduction to the Old-Testament Books and the Apocrypha (forming vol. 2 of the tenth edition of Horne's Introduction to the Scriptures), 1856, 2d ed. 1859; (9) An Introduction to the Old Testament, critical, historical, and theological, 1862-63, 3 vols.; (10) Fürst's Hebrew and Chaldee Lexicon, translated from the German, 1865, 4th ed. 1871; (11) An Introduction to the New Testament (superseding No. 5), 1868, 2 vols., 2d ed. 1882; (12) On a Fresh Revision of the English Old Testament, 1873; (13) The New Testament, translated from the Critical Text of Von Tischendorf, with an Introduc

tion on the Criticism, Translation, and Interpretation and the Bible (Morse lectures before Union Theoof the Book, 1875, 2d ed. 1876; (14) The Canon of the Bible, 1876, 3d ed. 1880; (15) The Doctrine of Last Things contained in the New Testament, compared with the Notions of the Jews and the Statements of the Church Creeds, 1882.

DAVIES, John Llewelyn, Church of England; b. at Chichester, Feb. 26, 1826; educated at Trinity College, Cambridge; graduated B. A. (senior optime and fifth in first-class classical tripos) 1848, M.A. 1851; elected fellow of his college in 1850; was ordained deacon 1851, priest 1852; from 1853 till 1856, incumbent of St. Mark's, Whitechapel, and since has been rector of Christ Church, Marylebone, London. In 1881 he was appointed a chaplain in ordinary to the Queen, and select preacher at Oxford, and the next year rural dean of St. Marylebone. He was a contributor to Smith's Dictionary of the Bible, and to Smith and Wace's Dictionary of Christian Biography. Besides five volumes of sermons, he has published (with Rev. D. J. Vaughan) a translation of Plato's Republic, London, 3d ed. 1866; The Epistles to the Ephesians, Colossians, and Philemon, with Introduction and Notes, and an Essay on the Traces of Foreign Elements in the Theology of these Epistles, London, 1866, 2d ed. 1884; Theology and Morality, 1873; Social Questions from the Point of View of Christian Theology,

1885.

DAVIS, Peter Seibert, D.D. (Franklin and Marshall College, Penn., 1874), Reformed (German); b. at Funkstown, Md., March 21, 1828; graduated at Marshall College, Mercersburg, 1849; studied in Mercersburg Seminary, and at Princeton; became pastor at Winchester, Va., 1853; teacher at Mount Washington College, 1857; pastor at Norristown, Penn., 1859, and at Chambersburg, Penn., 1864; editor of The Messenger (official organ of the Reformed Church), Philadelphia, 1875. He is the author of The Young Parson, Philadelphia, 1862, 7th ed. 1885, and of review and magazine articles.

logical Seminary, New-York City), 1875; Dawn of Life, 1875; Origin of the World, 1877, 4th ed. 1886; Fossil Man, 1880; Chain of Life in Geological Time, 1883; Egypt and Syria, Physical Features in Relation to the Bible, 1885; besides many scientific memoirs in proceedings of societies, etc.

DAY, George Edward, D.D. (Marietta College, 1856), Congregationalist; b. at Pittsfield, Mass., March 19, 1815; graduated at Yale College 1833; was instructor two years in the New-York Institution for the Deaf and Dumb; graduated at the Yale Divinity School 1838, in which he was assistant instructor in sacred literature from 1838 to 1840. For the next ten years he was a Congregational pastor, first in Marlborough, and then Northampton, Mass. From 1851 to 1866 he was professor of biblical literature in Lane (Presbyterian) Theological Seminary, Cincinnati, O.; and since then has been professor of the Hebrew language and biblical theology in the Yale Divinity School (Congregational), New Haven, Conn.; was secretary, from its organization, of the American Bible Revision Committee, in which he served as a member of the Old-Testament Company. He published two extended reports of his personal examination of the condition of deaf-mute instruction in Europe, especially in regard to mechanical articulation, 1845 and 1861; established and edited The Theological Eclectic, a repertory of foreign theological literature, 1863-70, for which he translated from the Dutch, and also published separately, Van Oosterzee's Biblical Theology of the New Testament, 1871. He also translated, with additions, Van Oosterzee on Titus, for Dr. Schaff's edition of Lange's Commentary, New York; and edited the American issue of Oehler's Biblical Theology of the Old Testament, with an introduction and additional notes, 1883.

DAY, Right Rev. Maurice Fitzgerald, D.D. (Trinity College, Dublin, 1867), Lord Bishop of Cashel, Emly, Waterford, and Lismore, Church of Ireland; b. at Kiltullagh, County Kerry, IreDAWSON, Sir John William, C.M.C.(i.e., Com- land, in the year 1816; educated at Trinity Colpanion of the Order of St. Michael and St. lege, Dublin; graduated B.A. 1838, M.A. 1858, George, 1881), M.A. (Edinburgh, 1856), LL.D. B.D. 1867; was vicar of St. Matthias, Dublin, (McGill 1857, and Edinburgh 1884), F.R.S. (1862), 1843-68; dean of Limerick, 1868-72; prebendary F.C.S. (1854), etc., Presbyterian layman; b. at of Glankeel in Cashel Cathedral since 1872; conPictou, Nova Scotia, Oct. 13, 1820; studied at secrated bishop, 1872. He is the author of The the College of Pictou, and at the University of Gospel at Philippi: Sermons preached in St. MatEdinburgh, finishing in 1846; became superin-thias Church, Dublin, 1865, 3d ed. 1876; The tendent of education for Nova Scotia, 1851; Church: Sermons preached in Limerick Cathedral, principal, and professor of geology, McGill Uni- 1870. versity, 1855. In 1881 he received the Lyell DEANE, Henry, Church of England; b. at medal of the Geological Society of London for Gillingham, Dorset, July 27, 1838; was scholar eminent geological discoveries; in 1882 was the of Winchester College, 1851; fellow of St. John's first president of the Royal Society of Canada; College, Oxford, 1856; graduated B.A. (firstin 1883, president of the American Association; class mathematics) 1860, M.A. 1864, B.D. 1869; in 1883 travelled in Egypt and Syria; in 1884 was ordained deacon 1863, priest 1866; was curate was knighted; in 1885 was president-elect of the of St. Thomas, Salisbury, 1863-67; of St. Giles, British Association for 1886. He became corre- Oxford, 1867-74; mathematical public examiner spondent of the Philadelphia Academy of Natural at Oxford 1868-69, theological 1873-74; senior Sciences, 1846; fellow of Boston Academy Arts and Sciences 1860, of Philadelphia American Philosophical Society 1862; honorary member Boston Natural History Society 1867, and of the New-York Academy of Sciences 1876. He is the author of Acadian Geology, London, 1855, 3d ed. 1868; Archaia, or Studies of Creation in the Bible, 1860; Story of the Earth and Man, 1873; Nature

proctor of the university, 1870-71; vicar of St. Giles, Oxford, since 1874; since 1874 has been assistant lecturer to the regius professor of Hebrew; since 1883, lecturer on Shemitic languages in Wadham College; and since 1885, examiner in theology at the University of Durham. He is a fellow of the Society of Antiquaries. He edited the third book of Irenæus, Oxford, 1874; contrib

DE HOOP SCHEFFER.

See Hoop SCHEF

uted to Blunt's Dictionary of Theology, London, Poems, New York, 1840; Life of Adam Clarke, 1868; Cassell's Bible Educator, 1875; a commen- LL.D., 1840; Devotional Melodies, Raleigh, N.C., tary on Jeremiah (1879) to the S. P. C. K. com- 1842; Twelve College Sermons, Philadelphia, 1844; mentary, and one on Daniel (1883) to Bishop The Home Altar, New York, 1850, 3d ed. 1881; Ellicott's. What Now? New York, 1853; Hymns for all DEANE, William John, Church of England; Christians, 1869, new ed. 1881; Forty Sermons b. at Lymington, Hants, Oct. 6, 1823; educated | preached in the Church of the Strangers, 1871; at Oriel College, Oxford; graduated B. A. 1847, Jesus, 1872, new ed. (with title, The Light of the M.A. 1872; was ordained deacon 1847, priest Nations), 1880; Weights and Wings, 1872, new 1849; was curate of Rugby 1847-49, of Wyck- ed. 1878; Sermons, 1885. Ryssington 1849-52; rector of South Thoresby, Lincolnshire, 1852-53; and since 1853 has been rector of Ashen, Essex. Besides various articles, he has published Catechism of the Holy Days, London, 1850, 3d ed. 1886; Lyra Sanctorum, Lays for the Minor Festivals of the English Church, 1850; Manual of Household Prayer, 1857; Proper Lessons from the Old Testament, with a Plain Commentary, 1864; The Book of Wisdom, with Introduction, Critical Apparatus, and Commentary, Oxford, 1881.

FER.

DELITZSCH, Franz, D.D., German Lutheran theologian; b. at Leipzig, Feb. 23, 1813 (of Hebrew descent); studied there, took degree of Ph.D., and became privat-docent; went thence as ordinary professor to Rostock 1846, thence to Erlangen 1850, and back to Leipzig in 1867, and has since been of that faculty. By reason of his preeminent attainments in biblical and post-biblical Hebrew, he has been styled "the Christian TalDE COSTA, Benjamin Franklin, D.D. (Will-mudist." His writings are of great value, espeiam and Mary College, 1881), Episcopalian; b. at cially his commentaries, - Der Prophet Habakuk, Charlestown, Mass., July 10, 1831; graduated at Leipzig, 1843; in the Keil and Delitzsch series, Job, Wilbraham Seminary and Biblical Institute, 1864, 2d ed. 1876 (English trans., Edinburgh, 1866, Concord, N.H. (now part of Boston University), 2 vols.); Die Psalmen, 1869, 3d ed. 1874 (English 1856; studied and travelled three years on the trans. 1871, 3 vols.); Das Salomonische SpruchContinent; was rector in Massachusetts; chaplain buch, 1873 (English trans. 1875, 2 vols.); Hoheof the 5th and 18th Mass. Vol. Infantry, 1861-lied und Koheleth, 1875 (English trans. 1877); 62; became rector of St. John Evangelist's, New- Jesaia, 1866, 3d ed. 1879 (English trans. 1867, York City, 1880. He edited The Christian Times, 2 vols.); independently, Genesis, 1852, 4th ed. 1863, and The Magazine of American History, | 1872; Hebrews, 1857 (English trans. 1870, 2 vols.). 1882-83, both published in New-York City. He His other publications include Zur Gesch. d. jüd. was first secretary of the Church Temperance Society, 1881; inaugurated the White Cross movement, 1884; and belongs to many learned societies at home and abroad. He is a quite voluminous author, mostly in American history. Among his publications in book form may be mentioned Pre-Columbian Discovery of America by the Northmen, Albany, 1869; The Moabite Stone, New York, 1870; The Rector of Roxburgh (a novel under nom de plume of William Hickling), 1873; edited White's Memoirs of the Protestant-Episcopal Church, 1881; contributed to Bishop Perry's History of the American Episcopal Church 1587-1883, Boston, 1885, 2 vols.; and to The Narrative and Critical History of America, 1886, sqq., 8 vols. 8vo.

DEEMS, Charles Force, D.D. (Randolph-Macon College, Ashland, Va., 1850), LL.D. (University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, 1877); b. at Baltimore, Md., Dec. 4, 1820; graduated from Dickinson College, Carlisle, Penn., 1839; entered the ministry of the Methodist Church (South); was general agent of the American Bible Society for North Carolina, 1840-41; professor of logic and rhetoric in the University of North Carolina, 1842-45; and of chemistry in Randolph-Macon College, Va., 1845-46; president of Greensborough Female College, 1850-55; and since 1866 pastor of the Church of the Strangers, an Independent congregation, in New-York City. He edited The Southern Methodist-Episcopal Pulpit from 1846-51, and The Annals of Southern Methodism, 1849-52; The Sunday Magazine, published by Frank Leslie, 1876-79; and since 1883 Christian Thought, the organ of the American Institute of Christian Philosophy, of which he was principal founder, and has been from the beginning (1881) president. He has published Triumph of Peace, and other

Poesie v. Abschluss d. A. B. bis auf die neuste Zeit, 1836; Jesurun sive prolegomenon in Concordantias V. T. a Fuerstio, Grimma, 1838; Anekdota zur Geschichte der mittelalterlichen Scholastik unter Juden und Moslemen, Leipzig, 1841; Das Sacrament des wahren Leibes und Blutes Jesu Christi, Dresden, 1844, 7th ed. Leipzig, 1886; Die biblischprophetische Theologie, Leipzig, 1845; Vier Bücher von der Kirche, Dresden, 1847; Neue Untersuchungen über Entstehung und Anlage der kanonischen Evangelien, Leipzig, 1853 (only first part, on Matthew, has appeared); System der biblischen Psychologie, 1855, 2d ed. 1861 (English trans., A System of Biblical Psychology, Edinburgh, 1867); Jesus und Hillel, Erlangen, 1867, 3d ed. 1879; Handwerkerleben zur Zeit Jesu, 1868, 3d ed. 1878 (English trans. of the two, by Mrs. P. Monkhouse, Jewish Artisan Life in the Time of our Lord; to which is appended a critical comparison between Jesus and Hillel, London, 1877, and of the Artisan Life alone, from 3d ed. by Croll, Philadelphia, 1883, and by Pick, New York, 1883); Sehet welch ein Mensch! Leipzig, 1869, 2d ed. 1872; System der christlichen Apologetik, 1869; Paulus des Apostels Brief an die Römer aus d. Griech. ins Hebr. übersetzt u. aus d. Talmud u. Midrasch erläutert, 1870; Ein Tag in Capernaum, 1871; Complutensische Varianten zum A. T. Texte, 1878; Rohling's Talmudjude beleuchtet, 1881 (7th ed. same year); Was D. Aug. Rohling beschworen hat und beschwören will, 1883 (2d ed. same year); Schachmatt, den Blutlügnern Rohling u. Justus entboten, Erlangen, 1883; Die Bibel und der Wein, Leipzig, 1885 (pp. 18), cf. Expositor, January, 1886. In connection with S. Baer, he has issued revised Hebrew texts of Genesis, Ezra, Nehemiah, Job, the Psalms, Proverbs, Isaiah, Ezekiel, Daniel, and the minor

DELITZSCH, Friedrich, Ph.D. (Leipzig); b. at Erlangen, Sept. 3, 1850; became professor of Assyriology at Leipzig, 1877. He is the author of Assyrische Studien, Leipzig, 1874; Assyrische Lesestücke, 1878; Wo lag das Paradies? 1881; The Hebrew Language viewed in the Light of Assyrian Research, London, 1883; Die Sprache der Kossäer, 1884; Studien über indogermanisch-semitische Wurzelverwandtschaft, 1884.

52

DEUTSCH.

chaplain to the bishop of Bath and Wells, who in 1851 made him archdeacon of Taunton, and these two positions he has held ever since. The archdeacon is an "English Catholic," or, as such are commonly called, an "ultra High Churchman." From 1839 to 1870 he was prominent as a Church champion in the school controversy as between the Church of England and the civil power, which resulted in the Elementary Education Act, the final and decisive victory of the latter; was from 1854 to 1858 publicly prosecuted for maintaining the real presence, but the prosecution ultimately failed. His publications consist of a large number of pamphlets, sermons, charges, letters, etc., and the following volumes: Proceedings against the Archdeacon of Taunton, London, 1854, 1855, 1856; Defence of the Archdeacon of Taunton, 1856; Final Paper put in in Defence, October, 1856; Church Rate a National Trust, 1861; Notes of my Life, 1805-78, 1878, 3d ed. 1879. He translated from the manuscript in the British Museum Saravia on the Holy Eucharist, 1855.

DEMAREST, David D., D.D. (College of New Jersey, 1857), Reformed (Dutch); b. in Harring ton township, Bergen County, N.J., July 30, 1819; graduated from Rutgers College, New Brunswick, N.J., 1837, and from the Reformed Dutch Theological Seminary there, 1840; became pastor of the Reformed Dutch Church of Flatbush, Ulster County, N.Y., 1841; (the Second) of New Brunswick, N.J., 1843; of Hudson, N.Y., 1852; professor of pastoral theology and sacred rhetoric in the Theological Seminary of New Brunswick, 1865. He has published, besides occasional addresses, History and Characteristics of the Reformed Dutch Church, New York, 1856, 3d ed. n. d.; Prac-vicar of St. Bartholomew, Cripplegate, London. tical Catechetics, 1882.

DENTON, William, Church of England; b. at Carisbrook, Isle of Wight, March 1, 1815; educated at Worcester College, Oxford; graduated B.A. 1844, M.A. 1848; was ordained deacon 1844, priest 1845; curate from 1844-50, and since 1850

His writings upon the condition of the Christian people of Servia and Montenegro, the result of personal investigations, won him the recognition of the Servian king, who gave him the grand cross of the Order of St. Saba (Servia), and cross of the Saviour of Takova (Servia). He has published Commentary on the Sunday and Saints'1861-63, 3 vols., 3d ed. 1875-80; Servia and the Servians, 1862; The Christians under Mussulman Rule, 1863, 3d ed. 1877; Commentary on the Lord's Prayer, 1864; Commentary on the Sunday and Saints'-Day Epistles in the Communion Office, 1869– 71, 2 vols., 2d ed. 1873-77; Commentary on the Acts of the Apostles, 1874-76, 2 vols.; Montenegro: its People and their History, 1877; Records of St. Giles's, Cripplegate, 1883; The Antient Church in Egypt, 1883.

DEMAREST, John Terheun, D.D. (Rutgers College, N.J., 1851), Reformed (Dutch); b. at Teaneck, near Hackensack, N.J., Feb. 20, 1813; graduated at Rutgers College 1834, and at the New Brunswick Theological Seminary 1837; was pastor at New Prospect, N.Y., 1837-49, 186971, 1873-85 (emeritus, April 21, 1885); at Mini-Day Gospels in the Communion Office, London, sink, N.J., 1850-52; at Pascack, N.J., 1854-67; principal of Harrisburg Academy, 1852-54. He is a Calvinistic premillenarian. He has written Exposition of the Efficient Cause of Regeneration, the Duty and Manner of Preaching to the Unrenewed, and the Doctrine of Election, New Brunswick, N.J., 1842; Translation and Exposition of the First Epistle of Peter, New York, 1851; Commentary on the Second Epistle of Peter, 1862; (with W. R. Gordon) Christocracy, or Essays on the Coming and Kingdom of Christ, with Answers to the Principal Objections of Post-Millenarians, 1867, 2d ed. 1878; A Commentary on the Catholic Epistles, 1879.

DENIO, Francis Brigham, Congregationalist; b. at Enosburg, Franklin County, Vt., May 4, 1848; graduated at Middlebury College, Vt., 1871, and at Andover Theological Seminary, 1879; became instructor in New-Testament Greek in Bangor Theological Seminary, Me., 1879, and professor of Old-Testament language and literature in the same institution, 1882.

DE PUY, William Harrison, D.D. (Union College, Schenectady, N.Y., 1869), LL.D. (Mount Union College, Ohio, 1884), Methodist; b. at Penn Yan, N.Y., Oct. 31, 1821; graduated at Genesee College, Lima, N.Y.; taught in several institutions; was professor of mathematics and natural philosophy in Genesee Wesleyan Seminary 1851-55, being before and after a pastor; was associate editor of The Christian Advocate, New York, 1865-84. He edits The Methodist Year Book, and has published Threescore Years and Beyond, or Experiences of the Aged, New York, 1872; and the valuable Methodist Centennial Year

Home and Health and Home Economics, 1880 (170,000 copies sold up to 1886); editor of The People's Cyclopedia of Universal Knowledge, 3 vols., super royal Svo, 1882 (100,000 sets sold up to 1886); and The People's Atlas of the World, 1886.

DENISON, Ven. George Anthony, archdeacon of Taunton, Church of England; b. at Ossington, | Book, 1784-1884, 1884. He is also the author of Nottinghamshire, Eng., Dec. 11, 1805; educated at Christ Church, Oxford; graduated B. A. (firstclass in classics) 1826; M.A., fellow of Oriel, and Latin essayist (University prize), 1828; English essayist (do.), 1829; was ordained deacon and priest, 1832; from 1832 till 1838 was curate to the bishop of Oxford; in the latter year he resigned his fellowship, and became vicar of Broadwinsor, Dorset, and so remained until 1845, when he became vicar of East Brent, and also examining

DE SCHWEINITZ. See SCHWEINITZ. DEUTSCH, Samuel Martin, Lic. Theol. (Jena, 1866), United Evangelical; b. at Warsaw, Feb. 19, 1837; studied at Erlangen 1854-56, Rostock