A HISTORY OF GREECE, FROM THE EARLIEST TIMES TO THE ROMAN CONQUEST. WITH SUPPLEMENTARY CHAPTERS ON THE HISTORY OF BY WILLIAM SMITH, LL.D., Editor of the Dictionaries of "Greek and Roman Antiquities," "Biography and Mythology," JOHN MURRAY, ALBEMARLE STREET; WALTON AND MABERLY, UPPER GOWER STREET; DR. WILLIAM SMITH'S Classical and School Dictionaries. 896300 A DICTIONARY OF GREEK AND ROMAN ANTIQUITIES. Second Edition. With 500 Woodcuts. Medium 8vo. 423. A SMALLER DICTIONARY OF ANTIQUITIES. Abridged from the above Work. Illustrated with 200 Woodcuts. Third Edition. Crown 8vo. 78. 6d. A DICTIONARY OF GREEK AND ROMAN BIOGRAPHY AND MYTHOLOGY. With 500 Woodcuts. Three Volumes. Medium 8vo. 51. 15s. ed. A DICTIONARY OF GREEK AND ROMAN GEOGRAPHY. To be completed in Two Volumes. With Woodcuts. Vol. I. 8vo. 36s. A NEW CLASSICAL DICTIONARY OF MYTHOLOGY, BIOGRAPHY, AND GEOGRAPHY. Compiled from the above Works. Third Edition. 8vo. 158. A SMALLER CLASSICAL DICTIONARY. Abridged from the above Work. Illustrated with 200 Woodcuts. Fourth Edition. Crown 8vo. 78. 6d. "The British Classical Public has long ago delivered an unanimous verdict in favour of Dr. Wm. Smith's Classical Dictionaries, and it would be superfluous to commend in detail a series of works to which every scholar pays the tribute of habitual and constant reference. They will long remain the best and completest works on the important body of subjects which they embrace."—Quarterly Review. DR. WM. SMITH'S NEW LATIN-ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Based on the Works of FORCELLINI and FREUND. Fourth Thousand. One Volume (1230 pp.). Medium 8vo. 218. "In point of cheapness, as well as more essential qualities, it has the advantage of all other Latin Dictionaries."-Athenæum. "Dr. Smith's Latin-English Dictionary' is far above comparison with any school or college dictionary commonly in use."-Examiner. "A Dictionary very much superior to any we before possessed."-English Churchman. DR. WM. SMITH'S SMALLER LATIN-ENGLISH DICTIONARY. Abridged from the above Work. Fourth Thousand. Square 12mo. 78. 6d. "In form like the common Entick; in system, completeness, and modern scholarship it far surpasses that very useful book."-Spectator. DR. WM. SMITH'S YOUNG STUDENT'S GIBBON AN EPITOME OF THE DECLINE AND FALL OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE, incorporating the results of the most recent commentators. With Tables and Woodcuts. Post 8vo. LONDON: PRINTED BY WILLIAM CLOWES AND SONS, STAMFORD STREET, PR E F A СЕ. THE following work is intended principally for schools. It was commenced several years ago, at a time when the Grecian histories used in schools were either the superficial and inaccurate compilations of Goldsmith and older writers, or the meagre abridgments of more recent scholars, in which the facts were presented in so brief a manner as to leave hardly any recollection of them in the minds of the readers. Since that time one or two school histories of Greece of a superior kind have appeared, but they have not been written from the same point of view which I had proposed to myself; and in the best of them the history of literature and art, as well as several other subjects which seemed to me of importance, have been almost entirely omitted. I have therefore seen no reason to abandon my original design, which now requires a few words of explanation. My object has been to give the youthful reader as vivid a picture of the main facts of Grecian history, and of the leading characteristics of the political institutions, literature, and art of the people, as could be comprised within the limits of a volume of moderate size. With this view I have omitted entirely, or dismissed in a few paragraphs, many circumstances recorded in similar works, and have thus gained space for narrating at length the more important events, and for bringing out prominently the characters and lives of the great men of GR. ს the nation. It is only in this way that a school history can be made instructive and interesting, since a brief and tedious enumeration of every event, whether great or small, important or unimportant, confuses the reader and leaves no permanent impression upon his memory. Considerable space has been given to the history of literature and art, since they form the most durable evidences of a nation's growth in civilization and in social progress. A know.edge of these subjects is of far more importance to a pupil at the commencement of his classical studies than an acquaintance with every insignificant battle in the Peloponnesian war, or with the theories of modern scholars respecting the early population of Greece ; and as it cannot be expected that a schoolboy should read special treatises upon Grecian literature and art, these subjects find their appropriate place in a work like the present. It is perhaps hardly necessary to observe that I have availed myself of the researches of the eminent scholars, both in this country and in Germany, whose writings have thrown so much light upon the history of Greece; but the obligations I am under to Mr. Grote require a more particular acknowledgment. It is not too much to say that his work forms as great an epoch in the study of the history of Greece as Niebuhr's has done in the study of the history of Rome, and that Mr. Grote's contributions to historical science are some of the most valuable that have been made within the present generation. As my own studies have led me over the same ground as Mr. Grote, I have carefully weighed his opinions and tested his statements by a reference to his authorities; and in almost all cases I have been compelled to adopt his conclusions, even where they were in opposition to generally received opinions and prejudices, as, for instance, in his views respecting the legendary history of Greece, the legislation of Lycurgus, the object of ostracism, the general |