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(The justification statement referred to is as follows:)

JUSTIFICATION OF ESTIMATES FOR APPROPRIATIONS NATIONAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE FOR AERONAUTICS, 1943

The National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics consists of 15 members appointed by the President, including 2 representatives each of the War and Navy Departments and the Civil Aeronautics Authority, 1 representative each of the Smithsonian Institution, the United States Weather Bureau, and the National Bureau of Standards, together with 6 members from private life. All the members serve as such without compensation.

The functions of the Committee are as follows:

1. To conduct, under unified control of the Committee, scientific aeronautical research, including

(a) Special investigations in the nature of applied research on problems submitted by the Army and Navy for immediate improvement in performance of military and naval aircraft.

(b) Fundamental researches instituted by the Committee on its own initiative or authorized upon request of the Army, Navy, or Civil Aeronautics Authority, to increase speed, safety, and economy of operation of aircraft, military and civil.

2. To advise the War and Navy Departments, the Civil Aeronautics Authority, and the aviation industry as to the latest research information.

3. To coordinate the research needs of aviation, stimulate activity in educational institutions, and prevent duplication in the field of aeronautical research.

4. To consider merits of aeronautical inventions submitted by the public to any agency of the Government.

5. On request of the President, the Congress, or any executive department, to advise upon any special problems in aeronautics which may be referred to it.

In order to carry out effectively its chief function of the supervision, conduct, and coordination of aeronautical research, the Committee has established four principal technical committees the committees on aerodynamics, power plants for aircraft, aircraft materials, and aircraft structures, and, under these, 19 subcommittees. These technical committees prepare and recommend to the executive committee programs of research in their respective fields, and as a result of the nature of their organization, which includes representation of the various agencies concerned with aeronautics, they act as coordinating agencies, providing effectively for the interchange of information and ideas and the prevention of duplication. There are 177 members on the Committee's total complement of standing technical subcommittees-80 members representing governmental agencies and 97 organizations outside the Government."

NATIONAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE FOR AERONAUTICS HEADQUARTERS, WASHINGTON

At the Committee's headquarters in Washington are held nearly all of the Committee and subcommittee meetings. Research programs are discussed and recommended by the subcommittees and approved by the main Committee, and the research work of the organization in accordance with the approved programs is directed from the executive offices. The business management of the organization also is conducted by the Washington office, through which all personnel and equipment are procured and the Committee's construction program is directed. The necessary administrative and financial records are maintained in the Washington office, and there all financial reports are prepared and budgetary control is maintained.

In Washington there is located also the Office of Aeronautical Intelligence, which serves as the depository and distributing agency for the scientific and technical information collected by the Committee from governmental and private agencies in this country and abroad. The intelligence office issues four series of publications, namely Technical Reports in printed form, and Technical Notes, Technical Memorandums, and Aircraft Circulars in mimeographed form.

In the Washington office is carried out the Committee's prescribed function of examining aeronautical inventions and designs submitted to all branches of the Government and determining their merits and their possible usefulness to the Government. The Committee's recommendations regarding inventions are presented to the Patents and Design Board, which is authorized by law, upon the favorable recommendations of the Committee, to evaluate these inventions and designs and to make cash awards not in excess of $75,000 for any one design.

No increase in the number of employees authorized for the fiscal year 1942 is requested for the fiscal year, 1943. However, additional funds for personal services are necessary in order to employ on a full year basis personnel obtained in the Second Supplemental National Defense Appropriation Act, fiscal year 1942, on a 6 months' basis. An increase of $9,350 in other expenses will also be required for the fiscal year 1943, consisting primarily of increases for supplies and materials, travel, and equipment.

COORDINATION OF RESEARCH

In order more effectively to coordinate applied research in industry, to stimulate research in educational institutions, and to coordinate the use of all existing wind-tunnel facilities so as most effectively to advance the progress of aeronautics, the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics has established a section on coordination with headquarters in Washington and offices on the west coast.

The work of the coordination office has not been restricted to any particular area in the United States but has included every locality where work of any significance to the aircraft industry is going on. A full-time representative is maintained on the west coast, based at Moffett Field, Calif. Eastern and Midwest contacts are maintained by coordination personnel from the Washington office, and the Coordinator has personally visited practically all points of interest and intends to extend a number of field trips and contacts during the fiscal year 1943.

SPECIAL CONTRACTS FOR RESEARCH IN EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS

In order to expand the country's capacity for aeronautical research for purposes of national defense, the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics is supporting a carefully selected group of research projects in schools and universities that are properly staffed to carry on such work. These projects are supplemental to work carried out in the laboratories of the Committee and by the Army and the Navy in their own facilities.

The Committee is continuously receiving from the services and from the aircraft industry requests for research on problems which can be successfully and effectively prosecuted in university laboratories. Of the funds so far spent for this purpose during the current fiscal year, 88 percent has been applied on problems that originated from such sources. In order effectively to expand this activity, it is necessary that an increase of $100,000 be provided for this work for the fiscal year 1943.

INVESTIGATIONS AT NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS

The purpose of investigations conducted for the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics by the National Bureau of Standards is to study certain problems, especially those relating to the fundamental properties of materials and aircraft structures and for which the National Bureau of Standards has available particularly suitable equipment and personnel. These problems are recommended by the War and Navy Departments and the technical subcommittees for investigation at the National Bureau of Standards with the financial support for the Committee.

In order to provide for the extension of investigation in these increasing special problems, an increase of $50,000 over the amount for 1942 is requested for research at the National Bureau of Standards.

LANGLEY MEMORIAL AERONAUTICAL LABORATORY

With the consistent support of the President and of the Congress, the Committee has developed at Langley Field, Va., a large and well-equipped aeronautical research laboratory, known as the Langley Memorial Aeronautical Laboratory. The staff of this Laboratory has won the confidence of the aeronuatical industry and the military services by providing reliable information upon which depends the development of safe, high-performance aircraft.

At this laboratory the staff is engaged in the conduct of researches in the fields of aerodynamics, hydrodynamics, propellers, aircraft structures, and aircraft engines. At the present time this work is almost exclusively confined to the solution of problems of immediate military importance. In the fiscal year 1943 the following major items of equipment will be placed in initial operation: a seaplane landing apparatus, an additional hydrodynamic research tank, an addition to the flight research laboratory, and an additional shop building.

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The aircraft engine research work now being conducted at the Langley Memorial Aeronautical Laboratory will be transferred in the fiscal year 1943 to the new Aircraft Engine Research Laboratory in Cleveland, Ohio.

In order to achieve the fullest benefit from the research equipment and thereby insure effective prosecution of aeronautical research projects of vital importance to the military services, it will be necessary to provide each research activity, insofar as possible, with a full working staff for the utilization of research facilities day and night.

In the Second Supplemental National Defense Appropriation Act, fiscal year 1942, the committee received an appropriation to employ an additional 656 employees at the Langley Laboratory on a 6 months' basis. Sufficient funds are requested in the fiscal year 1943 estimates to employ these additional personnel on a full-year basis.

In view of the increased number of research facilities devoted to military problems, as well as the increase in complexity of individual investigations where advancing technique requires powered models, remote controls, and other refinements that permit more data to be secured speedily, it is necessary that an increase in funds be provided for the purchase of additional equipment so that the research facilities may be used to full capacity. With the increased staff of research workers and additional structures and equipment, it will also be necessary to provide increased funds for repairs and alterations, communication service, travel expenses, transportation, and electric power. A total increase of $68,070 for expenses other than personnel services is requested for the fiscal year 1943.

AMES AERONAUTICAL LABORATORY

During the fiscal year 1941 seven of the stuctures for aeronautical research at the Ames Aeronautical Laboratory, Moffett Field, Calif., were completed and are in operation during the present fiscal year. The present laboratory facilities include two 7- by 10-foot wind tunnels; one 16-foot high-speed wind tunnel; one flight research laboratory and hangar; technical service building housing machine, erection, and model shops; utilities building housing stockroom, maintenance, and electrical sections; and a 30,000-kilowatt substation to serve the extensive electrical requirements of the laboratory. During 1942 the science building will be completed, housing complete instrument shops and laboratory, and the drafting room. Construction will be in progress on an administration building, a supersonic wind tunnel, the 40- by 80-foot wind tunnel and a low turbulence tunnel. The 40- by 80-foot tunnel will further expand the facilities of the Ames Aeronautical Laboratory for furnishing timely aeronautical design criteria to the military services of the Nation, in that it will accommodate full-size, actual airplanes for testing. The low turbulence tunnel will supply information that is needed for applying quickly and effectively the Committee's low-drag wing discoveries to military aircraft. These wings are a confidential and exclusive development of this country.

The Ames Aeronautical Laboratory at Moffett Field is located in the vicinity of the greatest concentration of airplane manufacturers in the United States, and will conduct, during the present fiscal year, numerous research projects requested by the Army and Navy in connection with the greatly expanded aircraft-production program. The improved wind-tunnel facilities at the Ames Aeronautical Laboratory are adaptable to all phases of aeronautical research work, and particular emphasis is being placed on investigations in connection with the design and development of aircraft that are to operate at very high speeds. The amount of research work conducted in the various wind tunnels will be increased greatly in 1943, in that the number and importance of problems incident to the expanding aircraft program will subject the laboratory to increased pressure from the Army and Navy. To handle these problems, and to obtain answers with sufficient speed to improve the design of the aircraft before construction, it will be necessary to provide for an increase of 78 employees for the fiscal year 1943 and to provide specialized research and operating equipment to the extent of $557,700. Considerable electrical equipment is included to provide complete facilities for the wind-tunnel testing of powered models with propellers operating to simulate flight conditions. The necessary equipment for mounting and testing full-scale propellers under high-speed conditions is included. The conduct of such research is vital to the defense program because of the military need for making greater increases in airplane speeds.

The additional research work anticipated will require a corresponding increase in other expenses of the Laboratory; $82,035 will be required for the supplies and materials necessary to operate the equipment and conduct the research investigations; $3,050, $3,800, and $4,000 will be required for communications, travel, and transportation, respectively. The increased research program planned for 1943 will necessarily increase considerably the electric power and water required to operate the 7- by 10-foot wind tunnels, the 16-foot high-speed wind tunnel, and the various other Laboratory facilities. The installed capacity of the three wind tunnels is approximately 30,000 horsepower, and $90,000 will be required to provide the services mentioned.

AIRCRAFT ENGINE RESEARCH LABORATORY

Because of the limited aircraft-engine-research facilities available in this country, and because of the ever-increasing need for design and development data, the Congress in the first supplementary National Defense Appropriation Act of June 26, 1940, appropriated $2,000,000 to begin the construction of a new aircraft engine-research laboratory in Cleveland, Ohio. The total cost of the approved construction was not to exceed $8,400,000. In the Second Deficiency Appropriation Act for the fiscal year 1941 the Congress increased the limit of cost of the laboratory from $8,400,000 to $13,300,000 to compensate for rising construction costs, and to effect a confirmation of new research facilities with the design specifications for those required to meet the increased magnitude and scope of research problems presented by the military services.

In the fiscal year 1942 it is expected that the flight-research hangar, the enginepropeller-research building, the fuels and lubricants research building, and the technical-service building will be completed and ready for use. In addition, the single-cylinder-engine wings and the offices of the engine research building will be completed and ready for use at the end of the fiscal year 1942.

In the fiscal year 1943 the central section of the engine-research building will be completed, making the entire engine-research building available for research work. During the early part of the fiscal year the engine-research personnel and equipment will be transferred from the Langley Memorial Aeronautical Laboratory at Langley Field, Va., to the new laboratory at Cleveland, Ohio, on a schedule that will cause the least interruption to the research work now being conducted there, and that will promote the execution of the work load most expeditiously. This will complete all present approved construction with the exception of the altitude-wind tunnel, which, because of its complexity of design and extended delivery dates required on highly specialized mechanical equipment, will necessarily be prolonged to the latter part of the fiscal year 1943. The total personnel required to staff the new laboratory for the fiscal year 1943 will be 587 employees. The total cost of these employees will be $1,020,445. Of the total complement for 1943, 141 will be transferred from the engineresearch division at the Langley Memorial Aeronautical Laboratory. The remaining employees required over and above the present fiscal year 1942 complement will be new positions. These new positions will require filling at various times during the year and in view of this and the fact that research personnel is hard to obtain, a lapse figure of approximately 25 percent has been deducted from the total cost for the new personnel.

Other than personal services the operation of the new aircraft-engine-research laboratory will require the following: $387,645 for supplies and materials; $3,000 for communication service; $10,200 for travel expenses which includes the amount necessary to transfer the aircraft-engine-research personnel from Langley Field, Va., to Cleveland, Ohio; $50,000 for transportation of things at the new laboratory, for transportation of household effects of transferred personnel, and for transportation of engine-research equipment from the Langley Memorial Aeronautical Laboratory to Cleveland, Ohio; $91,200 for the furnishing of heat, light, power, water, and electricity; and $222,300 for research operating equipment necessary to carry out the work load of research programs laid out for the fiscal year 1943.

For several years the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics has been in need of a suitable wind tunnel in which to conduct research on ice formation and methods of de-icing airplane wings, cowlings, windshields, and other parts. Simple nonmechanical means of refrigeration have been investigated and have been found to be entirely too expensive and altogether inadequate to provide the

tunnel refrigeration required for this work. It will be necessary, therefore, to build a wind tunnel and equip it with mechanical refrigeration in order to provide the necessary facilities for the execution of this research work which is so urgent to the military services.

The new aircraft-engine-research laboratory at Cleveland, Ohio, offers excellent facilities for the construction of such a tunnel in that the altitude-wind tunnel, which will be under construction there this year, has available mechanical refrigeration equipment of sufficient size to more than adequately supply an icing research wind tunnel. It will be necessary to provide only a wind tunnel equipped with insulation and a heat exchanger of sufficient size to test full-scale airplane parts. A refrigerated wind tunnel with a 7- by 10-foot throat capable of producing air speeds up to 300 miles per hour will be adequate to handle this research work and will cost $671,000. This sum is being requested as additional contract authorization to raise the total limit of cost for the laboratory from $13,300,000 to $13,971,000.

INCREASES REQUESTED

Mr. WOODRUM. Will you tell us something about the expansion that is provided in these estimates, and the necessity for it?

ADDITIONAL PERSONNEL, WASHINGTON OFFICE

Dr. HUNSAKER. For personal services in Washington-that is the headquarters office the expansion is small. The figure is $274,273 estimated for 1943 against 214,080 for the current fiscal year. In the office of the Coordinator, there is no expansion.

ADDITIONAL PERSONNEL, LANGLEY LABORATORY

At the Langley Laboratory, we are expanding our personal services from $2,591,610 to $3,127,960, an increase of $536,350.

Mr. WOODRUM. That represents how many people?

Mr. VICTORY. It is the same number of people that we have for the current fiscal year but the additional cost is made necessary by reason of the fact that the large number of people that we have for the current fiscal year are provided for only the last 6 months of the current fiscal year in the recent supplemental appropriation act. We wish to carry them on the full year basis for the fiscal year 1943, which causes the increased estimate of $536,000

Mr. WOODRUM. This increase of $536,000 merely carries your existing set-up at Langley Field through the next fiscal year? Mr. VICTORY. That is correct.

Dr. LEWIS. On a full year basis.

Mr. WOODRUM. How many people does that represent?

Mr. VICTORY. One thousand five-hundred and thirty man-years.

ADDITIONAL PERSONNEL, AMES LABORATORY

Dr. HUNSAKER. At the Ames Laboratory, we are proposing an increase of $198,240. That is a new laboratory and we are adding personnel as new facilities are completed and put into operation.

Mr. WOODRUM. You have 345 people there now and you are proposing to add 78, is that correct?

Mr. VICTORY. That is correct.

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