Missions a social as well as a religious ministry, p. 23.—Social results

a later and more indirect product than the spiritual, p. 24.-Their sphere

ethical and humane rather than economic, p. 25.-The social influence of

missions confirmed by history, p. 26.—The larger significance of missions,

p. 28.-The divine environment of social evolution, p. 28.-The reconstruc-

tive function of Christianity in mission fields, p. 29. —This inquiry pertinent

at the present stage of mission progress, p. 30.-Have missions and soci-

ology any common ground? p. 31.-The true scope and aim of sociology,

p. 32.-The sociological power of the religious environment, p. 33.-Chris-

tianity the true social touchstone, p. 34.-Sociology not merely an academic

discipline, p. 34.-In what sense may the expression "Christian sociology"

be properly used? p. 36.-Christian sociology distinguished from Christian

socialism, p. 38.-Sociology in its constructive aspects predominantly ethi-

cal, p. 38.-Sociology an inclusive and comprehensive science, p. 39.-Is

universal evolution the only postulate of a true sociological system? p. 41.

--Christian missions necessarily a militant social force, p. 43.—A majestic

power of social transformation inherent in Christ's teachings, p. 45.-The

larger vision of God's purpose in missions, p. 47.-The sublimity and com-

prehensiveness of their task, p. 47.-The evangelical spirit and aim of mis-

sions must not be supplanted by the sociological method, p. 48.—The

social outcome of missions a natural and unconscious revelation of their

power, p. 50.-Missions stand for social evolution with Christianity in-

troduced as a factor, p. 51.—The present variety and breadth in mission

methods desirable, p. 51.-Some a priori arguments in support of this op-

timistic view, p. 52.-The argument from solidarity, p. 53.-The argument

from analogy based upon the expansive power of material forces, p. 53.—

Another argument from analogy based upon the larger scope of moral evil,

p. 54.-What the divine legislation of the Old Testament suggests, p. 54.

-The argument from historic achievement, p. 55.-World-wide social re-

demption the culminating thought of the New Testament, p. 56.-The

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expansion of the kingdom the crowning promise of Scripture, p. 58.—Mis-

sion service is the secret of inspiration and power to the Church, p. 58.

LITERATURE AND AUTHORITIES FOR LECTURE I.

LECTURE II

THE SOCIAL EVILS OF THE NON-CHRISTIAN WORLD

The proper spirit of such an inquiry, p. 73.-Excellencies not to be

ignored or minimized, p. 74.-The existence of serious evils in Christen-

dom not to be denied, p. 75.—Christian civilization must be tested by its

active antagonism to moral evils, p. 75.

I. THE INDIVIDUAL GROUP

(Evils affecting primarily the individual, and secondarily society through

the individual)

1. INTEMPERANCE. Intemperance in many nations-a comparative survey,

p. 76.

2. THE OPIUM HABIT. The extent of the opium traffic, p. 80.-The Royal

Commission on Opium, and its report, p. 82.-British restrictions in

Burma, p. 82.-The area of the opium habit, and the evils of its use, p. 83.

3. THE GAMBLING HABIT. The prevalence of gambling in China and through-

out the world, p. 85.

4. IMMORAL VICES. Immorality in Japan, Korea, and China, p. 86.-The

moral condition of India, p. 89.-The status in Mohammedan lands, and

in South America, Africa, and the Pacific Islands, p. 91.

5. SELF-TORTURE. Self-torture in India, China, and Mohammedan lands, p. 92.

6. SUICIDE. Self-destruction prevalent in many countries, p. 93.

7. IDLENESS AND IMPROVIDENCE. The evils of sloth and improvidence, p. 96.

8. EXCESSIVE PRIDE AND SELF-EXALTATION. Pride and vanity are barriers

to progress, p. 97.

9. MORAL DELINQUENCIES. The blighting effects of untruthfulness and dis-

honesty, p. 99.

II. THE FAMILY GROUP

(Evils affecting primarily the family, and secondarily society through the

family)

The status and function of the family in ancient classical civilizations, p.

102.- Little improvement in the heathen civilizations of to-day, p. 103.

I. THE DEGRADATION OF WOMAN. The status of woman outside of Chris-

tendom, p. 104.-The signs and tokens of her inferiority, p. 104. - Her

deprivations and restrictions, p. 107. - Her indignities and burdens, p. 109.

-The result upon her personal character, p. 112.-Some modifications of

the dark picture which are to the credit of Eastern womanhood, p. 112.

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2. POLYGAMY AND CONCUBINAGE. The moral dignity of the Christian code

of marriage, p. 113.-Licensed polygamy a characteristic of ethnic systems,

p. 114.

3. ADULTERY AND DIVORCE. Arbitrary power of divorce a conceded right

in heathen systems, p. 116.

4. CHILD MARRIAGE AND WIDOWHOOD.

-

The evils of child marriage, p. 119.

-Further restrictive legislation concerning infant marriage greatly needed,

p. 120. The present status of Indian legislation concerning the remarriage

of widows, p. 122.-The sorrows of Indian widowhood, p. 123.-The

abolition of sati, p. 125.

5. DEFECTIVE FAMILY TRAINING. The training of children in Japan and

China, p. 126.-In India and Africa, p. 127.

6. INFANTICIde. Child murder not uncommon in China, p. 129.-Infanticide

among the Hindus, p. 131.-Has it been entirely checked in India? p. 132.

-The doom of twins in Africa, p. 134.-Infanticide not common among

Mohammedans, p. 135.

III. THE TRIBAL GROUP

(Evils which pertain to intertribal relationships, and find their origin in the

cruel passions of savage life)

1. THE TRAFFIC IN HUMAN FLESH. The historical genesis of the slave-

trade, p. 135.-The main avenues of the modern slave-traffic in Africa, p.

136.-The slave-markets of the West Coast and its hinterland, p. 137.—

The traffic in Morocco and North Africa, p. 140.-A recent report of the

slave-traffic on the East Coast, p. 141.—Vigorous restrictions in the Nyas-

saland Protectorate, p. 143.-The status in Madagascar, p. 144.-The

Kanaka traffic in the Pacific Islands, p. 144.-The coolie-trade in China and

India, p. 145.

2. SLAVERY. The passing of slavery in Christendom, p. 146.—Its continuance

in many sections of the non-Christian world, p. 147.-Domestic slavery in

China, Korea, Siam, and Assam, p. 148.-Servitude for debt in the Native

States of India, p. 149.—The status in Afghanistan, p. 149.—The question

of slavery in Zanzibar (now abolished), p. 150.

3. CANNIBALISM. Is cannibalism still prevalent among savage races? p. 151.

-Cannibal ferocity still untamed in Africa, p. 152.-The West Coast no-

torious for cannibal atrocities, p. 154. — Vaudoux worship in the West Indies

a relic of West Coast cannibalism, p. 156.

-

4. HUMAN SACRIFICES. The prevalence of human sacrifices in the non-Chris-

tian world, p. 157.-The evidence of its existence in Australasia and the

South Seas, p. 159.-The horrors of human sacrifice in Africa, p. 160.

5. CRUEL ORDEALS. The trial by ordeal-its severity and cruelty, p. 162.-

Ordeals in India, Siam, and Madagascar, p. 163.-Their prevalence in

Africa, p. 164.

6. CRUEL PUNISHMENTS AND TORTURE. Methods of punishment in West-

ern Asia, p. 165.—A Chinese Chamber of Horrors, p. 167.—The cruelties

of punishment in Africa, p. 169.

7. BRUTALITY IN WAR. The barbarities of Oriental warfare, p. 171.-The

annals of cruelty not yet closed, p. 172. —Sanguinary customs in African

warfare, p. 173.

8. BLOOD FEUDS. The prevalence and bitterness of blood feuds throughout

the African Continent, p. 174.-Sectional feuds in Turkey, Persia, and

India, p. 175.—Village feuds in China, p. 176.—Intertribal feuds in the

Pacific Islands, p. 177.

9. LAWLESSNESS. The quieting power of civilized rule in Asia and Africa, p.

178.-Lawlessness under native rule, p. 179.-Africa the haunt of lawless

violence, p. 181.

IV. THE SOCIAL GROUP

(Evils which are incidental to the social relationships of uncivilized com-

munities, and are due to lack of intelligence or the force of

depraved habit)

I. IGNORANCE. The social perils and disabilities of ignorance, p. 182.-Ig-

norance not always synonymous with illiteracy, p. 183.—Enormous per-

centage of illiteracy in China, p. 184.-The highly educated ignorance of

Chinese officials, p. 186.—Intellectual slumber of the Orient, p. 187.

2. QUACKERY. The contribution of quackery to the world's misery, p. 187.—

The charlatanism of the Chinese doctor, p. 187.-Native specifics in For-

mosa, p. 189. -Sovereign remedies in Korea and Thibet, p. 190.-Medical

destitution in India, p. 191.—Empirical devices in Burma, Siam, Persia,

and Arabia, p. 192.—The terrors of quackery in Africa, p. 193.—The de-

moniacal arts of the witch-doctor, p. 194.-Burning remedies and fiery

tonics, p. 196.-The sorcerer's art in the Pacific Islands, p. 197.

3. WITCHCRAFT. The spell of demons in pagan realms, p. 198.-Haunted

Africa, p. 199.-Witchcraft as a religion, p. 200.-The malign power of

obeahism, p. 201.-Soul-hunting in the South Seas, p. 202.-Belief in de-

mon possession among Asiatic peoples, p. 203.

4. NEGLECT OF THE POOR AND SICK. The compassionate spirit of Christi-

anity, p. 205.-Philanthropic needs of Japan, p. 205.-Ancient customs

in India, p. 207. —The treatment of the sick in China, p. 208. —The pitiless

fate of the helpless and suffering, p. 209.

5. UNCIVILIZED AND CRUEL CUSTOMS. What are the standards of civiliza-

tion? p. 210.-Some customs which are uncivilized and cruel, p. 211.—

Foot-binding in China, p. 212.—Uncleanly habits, p. 214.—Unseemly

nudity, p. 214.-Barbaric toilets, p. 215.-Promiscuous bathing, p. 215.

-Loathsome diet, p. 216.-Abominable dances, p. 216.-Tainted asceti-

cism, p. 217.-Funeral orgies, p. 217.-Mortuary customs of the Chinese

and the Parsis, p. 217.-Burial rites in the South Seas, p. 218.

6. INSANITARY CONDITIONS. The sanitary condition of India, p. 219.-The

efforts of the British Government to introduce proper sanitation, p. 221.—

Malodorous China, p. 222.

7. LACK OF PUBLIC SPIRIT. The enthronement of selfishness, p. 224.-

Laissez-faire the social law of China, p. 226.

8. MUTUAL SUSPICION. Confidence as a social tonic, p. 226.-Every man his

own detective in China, p. 227.-The distrustful spirit of Oriental society,

p. 228.