References are to pages. Wellcome v. Baum (135 O. G. 894), 566, 567. v. Thompson & Capper (1 L. R. Ch. Div., 1904, p. 736, 742, 749, 750, 754), 195. Wellman & Dwire Tobacco Co. v. Ware Tobacco Works (46 Fed. Rep. 289), 286. Wells v. Ceylon Perfume Co. (105 Fed. Rep. 621), 335. Wells & Richardson Co. v. Siegel, Cooper & Co. (106 Fed. Rep. 77), 117. Welsbach Light Co. v. Adam (107 Fed. Rep. 463), 64, 332, 350, Whann v. Whann (116 La. 690), 88, 89. Wharton v. Thurber (Cox, Manual, 663), 491. W. H. Baker v. Baker (C. D., 1906, p. 337), 565. Wheeler v. Johnston (3 L. R. Ir. 284), 61. Wheeler & Wilson Mfg. Co. v. Shakespear (39 L. J. Ch. 36), 88. Wheeler-Stenzel Co. v. American Window Glass Co. (202 Mass. 471), 364, 365. v. National Window Glass Assn. (152 Fed. Rep. 864), 376. Whitcomb v. Converse (119 Mass. 38), 28. White v. Jones (1 Abb. Pr. N. S. 337), 231. v. Trowbridge (216 Pa. 11), 174, 220, 221. v. Wagar (83 Ill. App. 592), 410, 668. v. Wagar (185 Ill. 195), 410, 668. White Studio v. Dreyfoos (221 N. Y. 46), 40b, 357a. Whitehead v. Kiston (119 Mass. 484), 56. Whitford v. County of Clark (119 Whiting Mfg. Co. v. Jos. H. Bauland Co. (56 N. Y. Supp. 114), 452. Whitman v. Hubbell (30 Fed. Rep. 81), 393. Whitney v. Robertson (124 U. S. 190-194), 535. Whitstable Oyster Co. v. Hayling Fisheries (17 R. P. C. 461), 105. Whittaker V. Howe 383), 224. (3 Beavan, References are to pages. Whittemore Bros & Co. v. Hauthaway (132 O. G. 233), 564, 577. Whittier v. Dietz (66 Cal. 78), 19, 396, 637. Whitwell v. Continental Tobacco Co. (125 Fed. Rep. 454), 375. Wholesale Gro. Assn. v. Fed. Trade Com. (277 Fed. Rep. 657), 397. Wickers v. Weinwurm (C. D., 1907, p. 219), 572. Wightman v. Wightman (111 N. E. Rep. 881), 225. Wightman & Hough Co. v. Nivois (264 Fed. Rep. 98), 131, 141. Wilcox & Gibbs Sewing Machine Co. v. Gibbons' Frame (21 Blatchf. 431), 279, 508. v. The Gibbens Frame (17 Fed. Rep. 623), 88. Wilcox & White Co. v. Leiser (276 Fed. Rep. 445), 308. Wilcoxen v. McCray (38 N. J. Eq. 467), 355. Wilkinson v. Greely (Fed. Case No. 17671), 470. v. Griffith (8 R. P. C. 370-374), 307, 321. William Rogers Mfg. Co. v. Rogers & Spurr Mfg. Co. (11 Fed. Rep. 495), 185. Williams v. Adams (8 Biss. 452), 131. v. Brooks (50 Conn. 278), 444, 468. v. Farrand (88 Mich. 473), 220, 231, 232, 243. v. Johnson (2 Bos. 1), 131, 177, 284, 444. v. Mitchell (45 C. C. A. 265), 117, 463. v. Mitchell (106 Fed. Rep. 168), 457. v. Osborne (13 L. T. N. S. 498), 444. Williams v. Pope (215 Fed. Rep. 1000), 435, 436. v. Spence (25 How. Pr. 366), 131. Williams Mfg. Co. v. Noera (158 Willys-Overland Co. v. Akron Co. (268 Fed. Rep. 151), 376. Wilmer v. Thomas (74 Md. 485), 30, 386. Wilson v. American Ice Co. (206 v. Delaney (137 Ia. 636), 248. Winchester Repeating Arms Co. v. Butler Bros. (128 Fed. Rep. 976), 394. v. Peters Cartridge Co. (30 App. D. C. 505), 110. v. Peters Cartridge Co. (C. D., 1908, p. 401), 562. Winn v. Gilmer (27 Fed. Rep. 817), 536. Winsor v. Clyde (9 Phila. 513), 403. Wirtz v. Eagle Bottling Co. (50 N. v. Boyce (118 N. Y. Supp. 461, v. Boyce (61 N. Y. Misc. 126), 361. v. Great Atlantic & Pacific Tea Co. (124 N. Y. Supp. 956), 360. Witt v. Reed Electric Co. (187 Pa. 424), 263. Witthaus v. Braun (44 Md. 303), 10, 25, 27, 28, 227. Wm. Waltke & Co. v. Schafer (263 Fed. Rep. 650), 311a, 451 553. References are to pages. W. N. Sharpe Ltd. v. Solomon (31 R. P. C. 441), 98. v. Solomon Bros. (31 R. P. C. 441, 450), 97. Wolfe v. Alsop (2), (12 Vict. L. R., E., 421), 418. v. Alsop (10 V. L. R. Eq. 41), 110. v. Barnett (24 La. Ann. 97), 213, 444. v. Burke (56 N. Y. 115), 174. v. Goulard (18 How. Pr. 64), 110, 159. v. Hart (4 V. L. R. Eq. 125), 110, 346. v. Lang (13 Vict. L. R. 752), 110, 418. Wolf Bros. & Co. v. Hamilton-Brown Shoe Co. (165 Fed. Rep. 413), 195, 324. v. Hamilton-Brown Shoe Co. (125 0. G. 667), 559. Wonder Mfg. Co. v. Block (249 Fed. Rep. 748), 332. Wood v. Burgess (L. R. 24 Q. B. D. 411. 162), v. Butler (3 R. P. C. 81), 79. v. Hinchman (110 Off. Gaz. 600), 336. v. Lambert (L. R. 32 Ch. D. 247), 9, 62, 215. Woodcock v. Guy (33 Wash. 234), 66, 821. Woodman v. United States (15 Ct. of Cl. 541), 501. Woods v. Sands (Fed, Case No. 17963), 181, 355. Woodward v. Lazar (21 Cal. 448), 355, 637. Woolf v. Woolf (43 Sol. J. 127), 490. Woolner v. Rennick (170 Fed. Rep. 662), 410. Woolsey v. Judd (4 Duer. 379). Wooster v. Kisch (26 Hun, 61), 246. Worcester Brewing Corporation v. Reuter & Co. (157 Fed. Rep. 217), 129. v. Reuter & Co. (84 C. C. A. 665), 111, 206, 458. Worden v. California Fig Syrup Co. (102 Fed. Rep. 334), 100. v. Cannaliato (285 Fed. Rep. 988), 74. Worden & Co. v. California Fig Syrup Co. (187 U. S. 515), 100, 447. Wormser v. Shayne (11 Ill. App. 556), 445. Wotherspoon v. Curie (22 L. T. N. S. 260), 39. v. Currie (L. R. 5 H. L. 508), 121, 171, 194, 293, 295. v. Gray (Ct. Sess. Cas., 3d ser., 2, 38), 113. Woven Steel Co. v. Keasbey & Mattison Co. (41 App. D. C. 247), 566. Wm. A. Rogers, Ltd. v. Cohannet Silver Co. (186 Fed. Rep. 241), 177. Wm. G. Rogers Co. v. International Silver Co. (55 C. C. A. 83), 179. Wm. J. Moxley Co. v. Braun & Fitts Co. (93 Ill. App. 183), 17. Wm. Rogers Mfg. Co. v. Rogers (73 Off. Gaz. 970), 179. v. Rogers (84 Fed. Rep. 639), 174. v. Rogers & S. Mfg. Co. (11 Fed. Rep. 495), 64, 159, 174, 181. v. R. W. Rogers Co. (66 Fed. Rep. 66), 174, 175, 177. v. Simpson (54 Conn. 527), 175. Wm. Wrigley, Jr., & Co. v. Colker (245 Fed. Rep. 907), 285, 286. v. Grove Co. (161 Fed. Rep. 885), 111. v. Norris (34 App. D. C. 138), 111. References are to pages. W. N. Sharpe, Ltd., v. Solomon Bros. (31 R. P. C. 441, 450), 97. Wright v. Simpson (15 Off. Gaz. 968), 32, 502, 518. Wright Rest. Co. v. Seattle Co. (67 Wyckoff v. Howe Scale Co. (100 Fed. Rep. 520), 66. Wyckoff, Seamans & Benedict v. Howe Scale Co. (58 C. C. A. 510), 66. W. & H. Walker v. Walker Bros. Co. (271 Fed. Rep. 395), 174. Y Yale & Towne Mfg. Co. v. Alder (154 Fed. Rep. 37), 53, 292b, 371, 379. v. Alder (83 C. C. A. 149), 292. v. Worcester Mfg. Co. (205 Fed. Rep. 952), 292b. Yale Mfg. Co. v. Yale (30 Off. Gaz. 1183), 122, 502, 511, 512, 543, 544. Yellow Cab Co. v. Becker (145 Minn. 345), 357. v. Cook (142 Minn. 120), 357. Yonkers Brewery v. Iler & Burgweger (143 0. G. 258), 572. Young v. Jones (3 Hughes, 274), 29. v. Jones (Fed. Case No. 18159), 31, 58. Young v. Macrae (9 Jur. N. S. 322), 88, 108. Young & Chaffee Furn. Co. v. Chaffe Z Zanturjian v. Boornazian (25 R. I. 151), 232, 240. Zittlosen Mfg. Co. v. Boss (135 C. C. A. 551), 193. Zweck v. Aberdeen (44 S. D. 176), 210. Zych v. American Car & Foundry Co. (127 Fed. Rep. 723, 727), 485. HOPKINS ON TRADEMARKS CHAPTER I. PREFATORY. §1. Primitive merchandise marks.-The history of commerce is the history of civilization. The hinterland is but a fairy net-work of legend and fable, of myth that involves itself with a precarious entanglement of possible facts. Just as the refinements of modern thought have produced the juristic science of unfair competition, the vanity, superstition, or forethought of the primitive trader led him to imprint upon his wares his name, some symbol associated with the religion that calmed his fear of the hereafter, or, finally, a mark to point out the origin of his goods. The idler, scrawling his name with rude graffiti on the walls of Rome or Pompeii, made as near an approach to a trademark as did the kings who pressed their names and titles on the bricks of Babylon. The worshipper of Mithras imprinted on his bricks the sacred symbol of water, as did the early Christians their favored emblems, the palm-branch and the fishes. But among the very earliest brick-stamps there are specimens which bear not merely the maker's name, or a picture of religious significance, but fanciful designs whose object was commercial identification unless, indeed, it was purely artistic. So, too, we find upon the lead water-pipes exhumed at Ostia symbols to which we may reasonably attribute true trademark quality. Maker's names, in the early centuries of the Christian era, are almost universally used. The charred loaves of bread excavated at Pompeii are so marked, and it is generally so |