Castellum meum de heryn. The site of the castle here referred to is unknown.

D.

Alano dapifero. Second dapifer or steward of Scotland; succeeded his father 1177, died 1204.

Willelmo de Lyndesay. Lord of Lufness and owner of Crawford. A hostage for King William in 1174; justiciar c. 1195; died c. 1200.

Waltero Corbet. Lord of Makerston, Roxburghshire, and of Glendale, co. Northumberland; a hostage for King William in 1174; a benefactor of Kelso Abbey. Witnesses charters of Malcolm iv. and of William till 1191 or later; alive after 1200.

Rainnulfo de Sules. Ranulf, pincerna to royal charters from c. 1207.

Swano filio Thore.

art. 'Gowrie.'

Willelmo filio Thore.

Son of William de Sules and nephew of another King William. Lord of Liddesdale. Witnesses 1180 to after 1200. Murdered by his servants in

Ancestor of the Ruthven family; see Scots Peerage,

Witnesses also one of the Errol charters a few years later; otherwise unknown, unless he be the same as William son of Thorald. See note to No. XVIII.

Heryn. Possibly Eren (Auldearn) may be meant, at which place King William granted at least one charter. But there seems to be no record [M. T.]

of a castle there.

III

This bull from the Dupplin collection is of such interest and importance that, although it has no connection with Inchaffray, the editors have had no hesitation in placing it at the service of students of the ecclesiastical history of St. Andrews. The sequel to this bull, helping to illustrate it, will be found in Theiner, No. CXLV.

Innocens. The bulla is missing, but the place of issue (Lyons) together with the year of the pontificate determine the Pope to be Innocent IV. The date is 7 April 1251.

Magistro Abel. Abel appears here as papal chaplain and archdeacon of St. Andrews. In 1248 Abel, then a clericus regis,' was granted at the request of King Alexander II. a papal dispensation for holding a plurality of benefices (Theiner, No. cxxxiv.). He was appointed by the Pope to the bishopric of St. Andrews, 20 February 1254 (Theiner, No. 164). He died 1 December 1254 (Scotichr., iv. 43). For further particulars, see Journal of Theological Studies (July, 1903), p. 605.

Theuidalie. The archdeacon of Teviotdale, here unnamed, was Nicholas de Muffet. He was appointed archdeacon in 1245 (Lanercost, 53). He was elected to the see of Glasgow in 1258, but returned from Rome in 1259 unconsecrated, partly because he was unwilling to pay the sum of money demanded by the Pope and cardinals (Chron de Mailros, 184).

U

He was elected for the second time in 1268; but seems to have died (1270) unconsecrated (Scotichr., x. 25, 27).

Johanni de Everlay Canonico Dunkeldensi. John de Everley, canon of Dunkeld, was a papal commissioner in 1248 (Regist. Aberdon., i. 20-21); and in 1250 (Chartulary of Lindores, pp. 124, 126), he witnesses a charter of Bishop Geoffrey of Dunkeld (Reg. Priorat. S. Andree, 308).

Ecclesie sancte Marie. This, styled here a secular church, was the little church of St Mary of the Rock on the hill which overhangs the harbour of St. Andrews, eastward of the cathedral. It was the church of the community of Keledei. Some of the ruins still remain. It was lost sight of till 1860 when the foundations were discovered. See MacGibbon and Ross, Ecclesiastical Architecture of Scotland, vol. ii. pp. 29, 30.

Cedentibus uel decedentibus Canonicis. This allegation was undoubtedly correct. A series of bulls, from Eugenius III. onwards, declared that on the death of any of the Keledei canons regulars should be put in their places. See Reg. Priorat. S. Andree, more particularly the bulls of Lucius 111. (p. 60), Gregory vIII. (p. 65), and Honorius II. (p. 79).

Kitham. This must be an attempt to represent Kirkham in the East Riding of York, near Malton, where there was an Austin Priory. Some of the ruins are still to be seen. Other perversions of the form of the name in papal writs are Kyrham, and still more strange Lirneham (Cal. Papal Registers, i. 29, 211).

De sancto Oswaldo. The priory of St. Oswald at Nostle (now Nostell), four miles south-east of Wakefield. It was from this house the Austin Canons were brought to Scone, according to Fordun (l. v. c. xxviii.).

Contra statuta concilij generalis. As early as Gregory 1. it was laid down that two or three monitions should precede a sentence of excommunication (Decretum, II., causa xxiv., quæt. 3). The reference in the text is probably to the sixth canon of the Third Lateran Council (A.D. 1179), which forbad the sentence of excommunication being pronounced nisi admonitione premissa.'

Instructam uel non instructam. The word 'instructus' in the sense of 'duly prepared,' furnished with all the necessary documents,' etc., was used both in Civil and Canon Law. Instructed' still lingers on in the legal language of Scotland in much the same sense.

D.

See Introduction, pp. xlviii-l.

IV

In Monasterio de Oseney. The Austin Priory in the island meadows west of the city of Oxford.

Lincolniensis Episcopi. Brackley was in the diocese of Lincoln, and the brethren had a claim on his intervention.

D.

Colminus. Among the Brackley charters is a three years' lease (illegible in places) by the master of the hospital to Colminus de Nesgask, of

certain lands in Scotland and of the parsonage of Nesgask, dated 31 May 1263, and witnessed, like the present lease, by Sir Adam, vicar of Gask. [M. T.]

IV A

Canonicis et fratribus. Compare No. IV B. In these two charters only do we find (in the present collection) the word 'canons' applied to members of the Hospital at Brackley.

Petro de Roches Episcopo Wyntoniensi. He was bishop of Winchester from 25 September 1205 to 9 June 1238 (Stubbs's Registrum Sacrum Anglicanum, second edition, p. 54).

Willelmo Malueisin Episcopo Sancti Andree. Andrews from 20 September 1202 to 9 July 1238. created earl in 1207, and died in 1219.

He was bishop of St.
Saher de Quincy was

D.

Bishop William Malvoisin was present at the Lateran Council in November 1215, and did not return home till January 1217/8. Consequently neither this charter nor the following can lie between these dates: IV B., is dated 15 October, and the bishop could not possibly have been at Stirling on that day and in Rome by the beginning of November in 1215. It follows that IV B., and also IV A., in all likelihood, belong to 1218 at earliest. Probably either both belong to that year, or the first to the beginning of 1219 on the eve of Earl Saher's departure for the Crusade, and the other to the autumn of 1219.

The three lay witnesses to the present charter were all well-known English barons and (like Earl Saher himself) prominent supporters of the dauphin in the civil war of 1216; the Bishop of Winchester having been a leader on the other side. [M. T.]

IV B

Everardo de Trumpotone took his surname from 'Trompyngtoun nat fer fro Cantebrigge,' where he held a knight's fee. The Brackley charters show that he was a retainer of Earl Saher and of his son Roger; and his presence in the Scottish Court must have been either as messenger or as representative of one of them.

[M. T.]

V

Malcolmo] de Glendohtreht.

He is witness to Strathearn charters between 1260 and 1284 (Hist. MSS. Com. Report, ii. 166; Lib. Ins. Mis., Appendix Nos. 16, 17, 19).

[M. T.]

VI

This is George, called in the papal records Mureff.

D.

It is a perplexing circumstance that his seal bears not Murray but Mercer arms. [M. T.]

VII

We do not know whether this was ever sent, and, if sent, whether the Pope replied.

The Queen's letters (No. vIII.) imply that no bullis apostollik' in favour of James Drummond had reached her.

The John and Laurence Gordon for whom pensions were sought were perhaps sons of the archbishop of Athens. In 1567 he proposed to resign the see of Galloway in favour of his son John (afterwards dean of Salisbury). After his decease his son George obtained the bishopric.

IX

Per deliberationem biblie. This smacks of Reformation influence.

XI

D.

D.

This erection of Inchaffray into a temporal lordship took no effect, as the narrative in the Introduction proves. But the Abbey and its possessions were at last so erected in favour of Lieutenant-General William Drummond, afterwards first Viscount Strathallan, by charter under the Great Seal dated 15 February 1669. The list of lands, etc., in that charter is practically identical with this. For notes on the lands enumerated, see Appendix on the Abbey Lands. The names which appear here and not in the earlier charters are no doubt mostly newly named subdivisions of the old possessions; many are small plots in the vicinity of the Abbey; Sanctanislandis and Sanctanismos, mentioned in connection with Williamston, took their names from St. Ann's Chapel (see Reg. Mag. Sig., viii. No. 1342), the site of which (see Map) is identified by a spring now locally known as Queen Anne's well; Bowtoun in Kilbryd is part of the kirklands of that parish; Dewarislandis and Ballandewaris probably parts of the kirklands of Tullikettle or of Strowan. The annual rent out of Keltie perhaps came in place of the lands in Rossie (adjoining Keltie) granted by Malise son of Earl Gilbert (No. c.). The name left blank, p. 171, line 3 from foot, is Lawreit in Perth, in the charter of 1669. Porterland and Kinglassieland are probably also to be looked for in Perth.

[M. T.]

APPENDIX I

INCHAFFRAY SEALS

By W. RAE MACDONALD, F.S.A. Scot, Carrick Pursuivant.

NOTE. A few Seals attached to Deeds not in this volume, nor in the Dupplin charter chest, are included for the sake of illustration. These are described in smaller type.

B.M.=Birch's Catalogue of Seals in the British Museum, 1895. S.A.S.=Scottish Armorial Seals, by W. R. Macdonald, 1904. B. M. includes most of the seals described by Laing in Ancient Scottish Seals, 1850 and 1866; and S.A.S. gives all the Scottish armorial seals described by Laing and Birch. It has been thought sufficient here to refer to the latest work in which each seal is described; references to the earlier descriptions will be found there.

I. ECCLESIASTICAL SEALS

Inchaffray Abbey, A.D. 1238.

1. Obverse. Common seal. An eagle reguardant. Inscription on inner band round margin, IN. PRINCIPIO. /ERAT VERBVM. Legend, SIGILL : COMVNE : MONASTERII : INSVLE: MISSARVM. Pointed oval, 21×2 inches.

2. Reverse. Abbot's seal.-In profile to dexter, bareheaded; standing on a crescent inverted, holding in right hand a crozier, in left a book. Legend, SIGILL. ABBĪS. DE. IN/SVLA. MISSARV, Pointed oval, 2x1 inches.

Inchaffray Abbey. Common seal used in 16th century.

3. Obverse. The side of a church with central and side towers, in the former a high arched doorway, within which is represented a full-length figure of St. John with nimbus, a palm branch or a large quill pen in his right hand, and a book in his left. The whole enclosed round the foot with a low masoned wall of three sides. Legend, +S' COMVNE : ECCE. SCI. IOH'IS: EWANGELISTE DE. INSVLA MISSARVM. Diam. 21 inches.