I 8 7 B 5 Jacobean BULGARIAN RIVER TRADITION: WHITE SEA (11 S. i. 246). In 1908-9 there was a discussion, 8.v. Mediterranean,' concerning the identity of the sea called by the Greeks (Modern) "Aσπρη Оáλaσσα (see 10 S. x. 308, 351, 376, 456, 495; xi. 10). It is perhaps worth noting that, in the Bulgarian legend told by MR. MARCHANT, the Ægæan, or rather the Eastern part of the Mediterranean (see last reference) goes by the name of " The White Sea." Thus we have the Bulgarians added to the Turks and the Greeks as using the name "White Sea." As to the legend it is not quite clear why the girl (personifying the river Maritza) determined to go eastward, seeing that such a course would have taken her to the Black Sea, whereas she wanted to go, and did go to the White Sea. The Maritza certainly flows eastward for a long distance, but for the last fifty or sixty miles the course is S.S.W. Probably towards the sun means towards the south," "towards the sun at noon.' 22 22 66 66 The discussion concerning the White Sea was occasioned by a misprint in Smith's 'Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geothat graphy. A friend has shown me ἀσώρι (misprint) and ἄσπρη in written Greek On one end is I B, the other end and back may be almost identical excepting as to being plain, temp. George III. 22 D. J. ST. PANCRAS CHURCH: ENGRAVING (11 S. i. 408). The engraver, William Fellows, is unknown to biographical dictionaries. So, too, is Robert Williamson, the publisher. But is not Williamson a misprint for -66 Wilkinson "2 ? There was a Robert Wilkinson who issued publications between 1808 and 1825. Among these was Londinia Illustrata in 36 parts, with 207 copper-plates. He was probably the publisher of the engraving by Fellows. The work of the latter will therefore fall sometime between the two dates above mentioned. Another hint may be of service to the inquirer. St. Pancras new church dates from the year 1821. In Leigh's New Picture of London,' 1823, two illustrations of St. Pancras old and new churches are given, facing pp. 193 and 201. If A. C. H. will take the trouble to compare his engraving with the two illustrations in Leigh's book (a copy of which will doubtless be found in the British Museum), he will readily ascertain which of the two churches is represented in the engraving by Fellows. The year 1821 will thus become a guide for the purpose of ascertaining the engraver's date. W. S. S. 66 the accent. I should like to point out that in the Index of 10 S. x. p. $495 " should be added to one of the references, s.v. "White Sea," and that to make the Index of vol. xi. a good continuation, "White Sea, 10" should be inserted, especially as the reply beginning on that page is the most important one of all. ROBERT PIERPOINT. CANDLE AUCTIONS (11 S. i. 404).-See also 4 S. xi. 276, 371; 5 S. vi. 288, 435, 523; ix. 306; xii. 446; 8 S. ii. 363; 9 S. xi. 188, 353; 10 S. ix. 388. I have notes of similar sales having taken place at Broadway, Dorset, January, 1903; Warton, Warwickshire, October, 1904; Chard, Somerset, April, 1910; and Raunds, Northamptonshire, on 2 November, 1889. JOHN T. PAGE. Long Itchington, Warwickshire. "CLOB" (11 S. i. 426). -As we say Kleiberwand for "cob wall," and the older English form was "clobbe wall,22 OLD SARUM's supposition that the modern one is corrupted from the latter may claim to be regarded as a certainty. Clob is, then, connected with cleave, O. E. clifian, cleofian; German Kleben and Kleiben-Kleben and Kleben machen. G. KRUEGER. Berlin. are is There are apparently their original case. EXORDIUM TO CUMEAN LEAVES. RICHARD GLYNN, PUBLISHER: BRITISH Lending Library in Wind Street when INSTITUTION: AUTOGRAPH PORTFOLIO (11 S. Swansea was a fashionable watering place. i. 429). On the site of the original Almack's, These were friends of Mrs. Hatton, who left afterwards Goosetree's Club, Alderman her album to "Miss Ellen Jenkins. Boydell opened at No. 50, Pall Mall, his as I know she will value it for my sake.” The cards enclosed in what Shakespeare Gallery. He intended to bequeath the gallery to the nation, but was forced, ruined as he was by his public spirit in projecting it, to dispose of it by public lottery on 28 January, 1805. In 1806 the lease of the house for sixty-three years was bought for 4,400l. by several noblemen and gentlemen, who established here, under the auspices of George III., the British Institution for the exhibition of the works of living artists in the spring, and Old Masters in the autumn. It was opened on 18 January, 1806. In 1868 the house was pulled down by the Gymnastic Club. There are some interesting reminiscences of the Shakespeare Gallery and the British Institution in The Evening News of 7 February, 1910 (Talks about Old London') by one See also Wheatwho signs himself 'M. R.' ley's Round about Piccadilly, 1870, P. 352-4, where, however, no mention is made of the 'Autograph Portfolio.' J. HOLDEN MACMICHAEL. Wroxton Grange, Folkestone. By Ann of Swansea. Within these mystic leaves is found Prophetic of your destiny. What may be regarded as the first of the blue cards has THE INTENTION OF CUMEAN LEAVES. By pointing out that Vice brings certain woe, One There are no directions, but the cards were evidently intended for the amusement of a mixed party of young people. blue card must have been dealt to each bachelor and one pink card to each spinster. On the card would be found a verse (presumably by Ann of Swansea) indicating the recipient's fate in matrimony. I append two samples. Conceited! brainless! dost thou dare To think that maiden, good and wise, Will condescend to be thy prize? Swansea. DAVID SALMON. Notes on Books, &c. The Parish Registers of England. By J. C. Cox, LL.D. (Methuen & Co.) As every Englishman belongs to some parish, and many persons have their names entered in the parish registers twice, if not thrice, a history of these books, such as Dr. Cox has here produced, should be of interest to a large number of people. Dr. Cox has, of course, had predecessors in the same field-J. S. Burn, R. E. Chester Waters, Mr. A. M. Burke, and others; but his book can claim to be more methodical and accurate than any of those which have gone before it. He tells us that there are hardly a score of registers in existence of a date before 1538, when Thomas Cromwell first ordained that they should be kept in every parish, and that the earliest he has been able to find is that of Tipton, which goes back to 1513. Many quaint customs and matters of interest emerge from these dusty volumes, which light up the bare records of names and dates with a touch of human feeling and even humour; and the tragic element is not wanting. Chap. ix. gives a vivid idea of the plagues which ravaged the country in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. Deaths from influenza first make their appearance between 1743 and 1762, when it was very prevalent, but "happily not very mortal." We do not notice any reference to cases of person dying of "thought," meaning fretting or melancholia, though some entries of that kind occur in registers of some of the City churches, illustrating the Biblical use of the word. It is probably not generally known that burial in coffins was not fully adopted till so late as the eighteenth century; it is not contemplated in the Burial Service of the Book of Common Prayer, and Wheatly in 1710 speaks of the body being committed to the grave stript of all but its grave-clothes. Incidental allusions in the registers to events of historical importance, given in chap. x. afford "snapshot " views of how they impressed the contemporary clerk or clergyman, and sometimes give a local touch of actuality to great movements which makes them live before our eyes. Chap. xi. in a similar way collects references to uncommon phenomena or nature, such as notable storms or frosts; and chap. xii. is an "Olla Podrida' of odds and ends not easily brought under any of the previous heads. A curious survival of the old use of the chrisom" at baptism is noted in some country churches, where the godmother is accustomed to place a new white handkerchief over the infant's face immediately after the baptism (p. 60); while in other parishes the woman at her churching used to make an offering of a cambric handkerchief to the officiating clergyman. An amusing account is given of how the difficulty of marrying deaf-and-dumb persons was surmounted in old times. One armless woman had the marriage ring placed on the fourth toe of the left foot. Sir" or Dr. Cox is mistaken in thinking that Syr" prefixed to a priest's name in early registers necessarily implies that he was one who had not graduated at a University (p. 250). Sir," standing for Dan, Don, or Dominus, ("Ds" at Cambridge) is the title of a graduate, Sir Smith or Sir Brown is still so used at Dublin, and Síra Fritzner in Iceland. He follows a wrong lead from Mr. Waters in deriving the words registrum, registrarius, from an impossible Latin regerta, regerendarius (p. 8). Lerite, so printed from a 1683 register, is evidently a misreading of Levite, as the context suggests (p. 122); and 1617, given as the date of Cowley's burial in Westminster Abbey (p. 118), is an obvious error for 1667. We should add that the book is one of the well-produced series of "Antiquary's Books," and has more than a dozen facsimiles and illustrations. The Rector's Book, Clayworth, Notts. Transcribed and edited by Harry Gill and Everard L. Guilford. (Nottingham, H. B. Saxton.) CLAYWORTH is a parish in Nottinghamshire in the Hundred of Bassetlaw, but it appears in Domesday as in the Wapentake of Oswardebee under the name of Clauorde. The compiler of the Rector's Book gives in 1688 the number of the inhabitants as about four hundred, and we are informed that such is about the number now. William Sampson, the author of the book before us, compiled it much in the form of a diary, but it is far more discursive than such works of former days are generally found to be. It begins in July, 1672, and ends with the accession of Queen Anne. It is in a high degree fragmentary, but will be found of great interest by the inhabitants of the neighbourhood. Clayworth lies near the river Idle, which creeps along on the north, and empties itself into the Trent. When the Rector's Book was written, the whole of the parish must have been open country except small plots near the houses, but it is now, and we believe has long been, divided into enclosures. It may be well to note in passing that the Roman road which once connected Doncaster with Lincoln runs through the little town. Though the Rector's Book is mainly devoted to local events, it is not so entirely. London news is not always disregarded, nor is Lincolnshire quite forgotten. Note is made of an Upton woman who produced five living children at a birth; all died very soon, but four survived long enough to receive baptism. The state of the weather is frequently mentioned; indeed, from his own point of view this is one of the most important matters in which Mr. Sampson took interest. The rector evidently belonged to the class of English clergy which has not left survivors. In his day he was, we have no doubt, designated a High Churchman, but the phrase then meant something very different from what it does now. The divine right of kings was probably an article of unhesitating belief with him, yet, if so it was, this opinion did not hinder him from accepting with evident pleasure the invasion by William III. and the banishment of James II. An aged man who in 1679 dwelt at Retford, but had many years before lived at Clayworth, told the rector that when he was young a kind of tithe used to be exacted by the rector from the servants of the parish, which we have never heard of elsewhere. It appears that when the wages became due and were paid, a farthing out of every shilling was handed over to the clergyman. In Mr. Sampson's time a like demand was made by him, but the money was not gathered in without difficulty. It is evident that at this period MR. L. C. BRAUN's Catalogue 64 contains art and illustrated books, French and German literature, works on Genealogy and Heraldry, Political Economy, and Music. The last-named includes Chappell's Popular Music of the Olden Time,' 2 vols., 358. Topography comprises, under London, a large paper copy of select views, 2 vols., folio, finely bound in full contemporary blue russia, London, 1804, 41. Among Nottingham items is a special copy of Blackner's 'History,' 3 vols.. 4to, 1815, 308. There are some ex-libris, and also a number of engraved portraits at moderate prices. A portion of the catalogue is devoted to miscellaneous books. 4 Mr. Richard Cameron's Edinburgh Catalogue 231 contains works relating to America. Burns items include the large-paper edition of his complete works, edited by W. Scott Douglas, 6 vols., royal 8vo, cloth, 1877, 21. 15s. There is also a large-paper copy of Blackwood and his Sons,' by Mrs. Oliphant, and the supplementary volume by Mrs. Gerald Porter, 3 vols., 4to, 1897-8, 188. 6d., one of a limited number privately printed. Under Coronations are three hand-coloured panoramic views of the coronation of George IV., also an official list of the procession of Queen Victoria. Among many items relating to Scotland are Chalmers's Caledonia,' 7 vols., 4to, boards, 31. 58., a special issue on thick paper, one of 86 copies; Edinburgh in the Olden Time,' 63 views, 1888, 16s. 6d. (published at 51. 58.); and a fine set of the folio Acts of the Scottish Parliament, 1224 to 1707, 13 vols., folio, half red leather, 51. 10s. Under Leech is a large collection of his illustrations from Punch, 5 vols., oblong 4to, 268. 4 Mr. Bertram Dobell's Catalogue 185 opens with a collection of Latin books from the Heber and Britwell Court Libraries, a large number being by members of the Society of Jesus. Many have the stamp of Richard Heber, who was half brother of Reginald Heber, Bishop of Calcutta. Richard was one of the founders of the Athenæum Club, and the D.N.B.' records that " he travelled widely to collect books, spending on them about 100,000l." There is a curious volume in Dutch and Latin, 'Poemata Chronometra Anagrammata Epigrammata et alia his affinia,' small 8vo, old calf, 1760, containing various hymns not met with elsewhere. It is anonymous, and the letters at the end give no clue; perhaps this reference may produce the name of the author from some reader of N. & Q.' There are several books from the library of Lionel Brough, and a variety on cricket. The rest of the catalogue contains a good miscellaneous selection. Mr. Alexander W. Catalogue 103 opens with a portrait of Edward Macphail's Edinburgh VII. wearing the insignia of office as Masonic Grand Master, a signed artist's proof, 258., in dark oak frame. one of Scott, a bas-relief in iron, with model Other portraits include a curious of the old gate of the Edinburgh Tolbooth at the top, 10s. 6d.; Chantrey's bust of Scott, one of the original impressions, with carved bracket, 308., and a miniature after Raeburn by Mackay, in frame, 458. There are many articles under Bric-a-brac, including miniatures and busts of Byron, Brougham, George Eliot, and others. Among autographs is a letter of Scott's, 16 June, 1828, 31. The books include works on Edinburgh, family history, genealogy, heraldry, &c. Among many dealing with Ireland is a new copy of the Orrery Papers, 2 vols., cloth extra, 12s. 6d. Under India is Thurston's 'Castes and Tribes,' 7 vols., Madras, 1909, 23s. There are a number of works on Witchcraft, Mesmerism, &c. Areminiscence of railways is a Station Map of the Railways in Great Britain circa 1850, 4s. 6d. There are a number of Scottish County Maps, 1777. Messrs. Simmons & Waters's Leamington Spa Antiquarian Works relating to the British Isles. Catalogue 246 is devoted to Topographical and The items are well arranged under counties. Apart from books, there are a large number of engravings and maps at moderate prices. The London views include most of the well-known places. Among books we note Besant's' London,' 5 vols., original cloth, 27. 12s. 6d. ; also his London in the Eighteenth Century,' an extraillustrated copy, extended to 2 vols., with an autograph letter, 51, 58. Other extra-illustrated books include Boulton's 'Amusements of London,' 2 vols., 4to, half-calf, uncut, 31.; Croker's Fulham,' calf extra, by Morrell, 1860, 11. 15s., and Smith's 'Book for a Rainy Day,' halfmorocco, 41. 48. There is an interesting MS. relating to the town of Beccles, The Book of Court Rolls, 1635-1711,' folio, calf antique, 67. 68., also a collection of vellum deeds relating to Wales. A sound library set of Britton's Antiquities,' 5 vols., 4to, contemporary calf, 1807-35, is 21. 58., and S. C. Hall's Baronial Halls,' with very few of the foxed plates found in many copies, 3 vols, 4to, morocco, 1846-7, 21. Notices to Correspondents. We must call special attention to the following notices: WE cannot undertake to answer queries privately. nor can we advise correspondents as to the value of old books and other objects or as to the means of disposing of them. EDITORIAL Communications should be addressed to "The Editor of 'Notes and Queries'"-Advertisements and Business Letters to "The Publishers" at the Office, Bream's Buildings, Chancery Lane, E.C. J. D. M. (Philadelphia).-Forwarded. CORRIGENDA.-Ante, p. 498, col. 2, 11. 6, 7 of the poetry, for "yon" read you. INDEX. ELEVENTH SERIES.-VOL. I. [For classified articles, see ANONYMOUS WORKS, BIBLIOGRAPHY, BOOKS RECENTLY PUBLISHED, A. (A. S.) on Roger Altham, 337 A. (B. M.) on Lily-White Boys,' 366 A. (D. C.) on D. Camerino Arcangelus, 268 Yeovil golden torque, 385 A. (R.) on first elections under Ballot Act, 268 Abbott (G. F.) on Abbott family, 109 Abbott (Miss), portrait by Downman, 88 Abrahams (Aleck) on ' Alonzo the Brave,' 419 Barker (Henry), Prebendary, 305 'Collier's Water': Charles Pearson, 349 Adams (President), his X. Y. Z. Mission, 1797, 366 Adams families, 289 Addison's maternal ancestry, 351 Adoxography, meaning of the word, 117 Edes Walpolianæ,' its contents, 34, 214 Agnes: To play Agnes, 290, 495 Agnew (D. C. A.) on the Huguenots, 448, 515 Alabama-Kearsarge fight, 1864, photograph of, 327 Alumni Cantabrigienses,' MS. of, 247; 310, 372 Ambergris and spermaceti, their source and date Amelia (Princess), daughter of George II., 10 American Indians, monuments to, 37, 235, 491 Anderson (J. L.) on Bibliotheca Drummeniana, 412 Anderson (P. J.) on G. Chalmers's 'Scoticanæ Chalmers (G.), ‘Sylva,' 226, 435 Chalmers (W.), Disputationes Theologica," 267 |