...... lar in Wales, on which account he was called Bledri the Wise: and so much he loved knowledge, that he required every priest to support instruction from literary works in his church, that every one might know his duty to God and man. [ib. p. 47.] [LLANDAFF CHARTERS.] farw Bledri Escob Teilaw ysgolhaig pennaf gwlad Gymru, achaws hynny y gelwid ef Bledri Ddoeth, a chystal y carai wybodau fal y dodes ar yr offeiriaid gynnal addysg llyfrau llên bob un yn ei eglwys, mal y gwypai bawb a ddylynt parth Duw a dynion. [p. 46. in Arch. Camb. 3rd Series, X.] a If the Lib. Landav. is correct, this should be 1022. A.D. 1022 x 1031. Charter of Rhydderch son of Festyn to Joseph LIB. LANDAV.-Riderch filius Iestin, Rex Morcannuc, imo totius Gualiæ, excepta tantum insula Euoniæ, quam Jacob filius Idguall per se tenebat;-Riderch dico, uirum pacificum et mansuetum, omnibus totius regni tam clericis quam laicis, uiduis et orphanis, jura sua et hereditates Diuina lege et humana concedentem, et maxime Ecclesiæ Dei et gubernatoribus ejus, Episcopis videlicet, et omnibus de inferioribus gradibus; in cujus tempore nulla desolatio, in montibus nec in plano, nisi tantum tribus villis per totam Gualiam in solitario;-Landauiæ quidem et Sanctis ejus Dubricio, Teliauo, et Oudoceo, et Joseph Episcopo ejusdem, concessit ecclesias suas et earum territoria per omnia in pace quieta tenenda, et cum sua dignitate et omni privilegio consolidata, et libertate tota data incolis et habitaturis, et communione pervia in campo et in aquis, in [silva'] et in pascuis, et ob venerationem katholicæ fidei, jurejurando, et manum mittendo, presente Ioseph Episcopo, et confirmante super quatuor evangelia, antepositis sacris reliquiis; et ita, ut nunquam glebam unam sciens ablaturus est aliqua ui laicali, aut tirannico furore, aut malo ingenio, aut fraude subdola, de territoriis Landaviæ, et cum toto privilegio dato sibi a tempore Sanctorum Dubricii, Teliaui, Oudocei; hoc est, sine ullo censu, magno vel modico, ulli homini terreno, nisi tantum oratione cotidiana et ecclesiastico seruitio diurno, sine consule, sine proconsule, sine conventu intra patriam nec extra, sine uigilia intus nec extra, sine expeditione, et cum omni dignitate curiæ suæ plenaria et (ut sic dicam) in omnibus ut regia; et vovens Deo, et Sanctis Dubricio, Teliauo, et Oudoceo, et in manu Ioseph Episcopi, VOL. I. U [LLANDAFF CHARTERS.] consolidans et promittens omnibus successoribus suis in perpetuo, ut nunquam dominaretur in aliqua re ecclesiastica, caut ejus possessionibus, nec etiam refugium violaturus, immo conservaturus in omnibus; et concesso eodem refugio territoriis omnibus eiusdem, et confirmato ab eo tali, quale fuit Sancti Dubricii in priori tempore, uidelicet quamdiu uoluerit profugus Landauiæ et deorum. omnium ubique ecclesiarum sibi subditarum maneat tutus, sine protegente clipeo nisi Diuino, et sanctorum protectione in eius asylo, et sine termino, non tantum per diocesim suam, diuidente Tyugui occidentali plaga, Guy uero in hostio Taratyr in parte orientali sequestrante Angliam, uerum etiam infra Episcopatum Sancti David, per totam Demeticam regionem, et Cantref Maur, et Brecheniauc, et Eluail. Et de omnibus subscriptis uestita fuit Ecclesia Landauiæ, simul et Episcopus Ioseph, pace quieta et tranquilla, tempore regnantis Riderch per totam Gualiam, et ammonitione Ælnoth Archiepiscopi eCantuariensis, simul cum litteris commendatiis Cnut regnantis Angliam. [PP. 242, 243; see also Wharton, A. S., II. 669, 670.] This and all following extracts from the Lib. Landav. are printed from the original MS., now in the possession of P. Davies Cooke, Esq., of Owston, near Doncaster. If this privilege be genuine, or (supposing it genuine) if it ever took effect at all, it could only have been for the few years (10211031) of Rhydderch's forcible rule over South Wales. The list of churches at the end of the original document (printed in the Lib. Landav., but here omitted) relates to churches claimed as belonging to the Bishops of Llandaff, but confessedly not in Llandaff diocese but in S. David's, and all of them indeed outside the most enlarged boundaries claimed for Llandaff; unless upon the bold substitution of the Teivi for the Tyvi (Lib. Landav. 126, 373), which would include all Caermarthenshire, and Pembrokeshire as well, in the original diocese of Teilo. It consists of-1. Thirty churches, mostly dedicated to S. Teilo, in Caermarthenshire west of the Tyvi, and in Pembrokeshire, extending to the actual cantref (Pybidiog) in which S. David's itself is situated; 2. Five in Brecknock, but outside the boundary-line mentioned above, p. 285; and 3. Two in the deanery of Elfael in Radnorshire, on the north side of the Wye opposite the district of Ystradyw. By "Demetica regio" in the text is meant all west of the Tyvi and south of the Teivi: and Cantref Maur is either the cantref so called which adjoins Cantref Bychan and includes the north and west of Caermarthenshire, or that of the same name which forms the southern half of Brecknock. The Privilegium Sancti Teliaui, which must have been drawn up by the Llandaff clergy either about this period or at the latest during the Episcopate of Herwald, is a little fuller in its terms (asserted to be confirmed "Apostolica auctoritate," and concluding at length with the ordinary curse and blessing upon violaters and observers respectively)-as follows: Privilegium Sancti Teliaui est, et Ecclesiæ suæ Landaviæ, datum sibi, et omnibus successoribus suis in perpetuo, a Regibus istis, et Principibus Brittanniæ, confirmatum Apostolica auctoritate cum omnibus legibus suis in se plenariis sibi et terris suis libera ab omni regali seruitio; sine consule, sine proconsule, sine conventu intus nec extra, sine expeditione, sine uigilanda regione, et cum omni iustitia sua de fure et furto, de rapina, de homicidio, de arsione, de rixa, de sanguine, de refugio uiolato ubique in terra Sancti, de assaltu viarum, et extra vias; de faciendo iudicio et patiendo, de omni populo Sancti Teliaui in curia Landaviæ; de communione aquæ et herbæ, campi et siluæ, populo Ecclesiæ Sancti Teliaui, cum mercato et moneta in Landavia: cum applicatione navium ubique per terras Sancti Teliaui, libera pro regibus et omnibus, nisi Ecclesiæ Landauiæ, et Episcopis eius; de opprobrio, et omni iniuria quod Rex Morcanhuc et sui homines fecerint Episcopo Sancti Teliaui, et suis hominibus, idem Rex Morcanhuc et sui homines rectum faciant Episcopo et suis hominibus, et iudicium patiantur in curia Landauiæ. Omnis lex quæ fuerit Regali, omnis etiam et in curia plenarie Episcopali Landauensi. (Lib. Landav., III, 112.) [OF SUNDAYS AND HOLIDAYS.] In the Welsh version of this Privilegium which follows (b. 113, 114), " sine consule, sine proconsule," is rendered by "heb mair, heb cyghellaur"= "neither maer nor canghellor," for whom see above, pp. 224, 254: and "sine conventu intus nec extra "=" heb gyhoedd ddadl nac mewn gwlad na dyeithr "="without attendance at courts of justice either in the district or out of it." The privilege of a market at Llandaff was afterwards confirmed by the Norman Kings (Ex Archivis in Turri Londinensi Cart. 7. Johannis, m. 5. A.D. 1205,-Episcopo Landa- b Miswritten "aqua," in original MS. • Miswritten "Cantuariensi," in original MS. ...... A.D. 1030. Of Sundays and Holidays. A.D. 1030. BRUT Y TYWYSOG., Gwent.-Oed Crist 1030 ...... y flwyddyn honno y peris Joseb Escob Teilaw na wnelid na gwaith na gorchwyl ar y Suliau a'r gwyliau, ag a wnaeth i'r offeiriaid ddysgu darllain yr Ysgrythyr lan heb dal heb ged, ac na wnelynt ac ymrysonau. [p. 46. in Arch. Camb., 3rd Series, X.] a Mr. A. Owen translates this "learn," but the context seems conclusive for the other rendering, above given. A.D. 1022 × 1043 (or 1046). Synodical Excommunications of Meurig, son of Hywel King of Glamorgan, (twice) by Joseph Bishop of Llandaff a. ai. For murdering Edwyn son of Gwriad King of Gwent Iscoed, after swearing amity with him on relics in the Bishop's presence (Lib. Landav. 245, 246). ii. For violating sanctuary at Llandaff (Lib. Landav. 248, 249; Wilkins, I. 310). For the form of these documents, and of the similar ones previously mentioned, which all mutatis mutandis nearly repeat one another, see below under Bishop Herwald, A.D. 1056× 1087, pp. 295, 296. A.D. 1023–1064. Madoc [or Madawc] Min, Bishop of Bangora. a BRUT Y TYWYSOG., Gwent., in a. 1060 mentions a Bishop of Bangor of this name, as having betrayed Llewellyn ap Seisyllt (A.D. 1023 Ann. Camb.), and afterwards Grufudd his son (A.D. 1064 Flor. Wig., 1063 Anglo-Sax. Chron. and Ann. Camb.), the latter to Harold and the Saxons. A.D. 1043-1055. Tremerin (Trahaiarn) Bishop of S. David's acts as Vicar to the Saxon Bishop (Ethelstan) of Hereford a. FLOR. WIG., Chron. a. 1055.—Eo tempore religiosus vir Tremerin Walonicus antistes decessit. Hic multo tempore vicarius Æthelstani Herefordensis præsulis extitit, postquam ipse ministerium Episcopale per se implere nequivit; erat enim per annos XIII. oculorum lumine privatus. [M. H. B. 608.] [OF SAINTS' DAYS.] a So also Anglo-Sax. Chron. a. 1055, and see Sim. Dunelm. ap. Twysd. 188. Trahaiarn appears in Giraldus' and Godwin's lists between Bishops Erwyn (died 1040) and Joseph (died 1064). Æthelstan was Bishop of Hereford from 1012 to 1056. A.D. 1046. Of Saints' Days. A.D. 1046. BRUT Y TYWYSOG., Gwent.-Oed Crist 1043a ...... Yr ......Yr un flwyddyn y bu farw Joseb Escob Teilaw, gwr tra doeth, a duwiawl, a dysgedig, efe a wnaeth drefn dda ar wyliau mabsant, sef nas caid amgen na gweddiaw Duw, a dangos daioni, a gwneuthur elusenau arnynt, a chynnal cof dyledus am Dduw ai Saint, au gweithredoedd molediw. [p. 52. in Arch. Camb., 3rd Series, X.] a The Brut (in M. H. B.) plainly specifies 1043 as the date of Joseph's death, but the Gwentian form of it (above given), and the The same year Joseph, Bishop of Teilaw, died; a very wise, learned, and godly man. He instituted good order on the saints' days; that prayer to God, shewing good works, almsgiving, proper remembrance of God, and His saints and their praiseworthy works, should alone take place. [ib. p. 53.] Ann. Camb., may possibly intend 1046 as the year, in agreement with the Lib. Landav. A.D. 1056. Herwald, Bishop of Llandaff, elected by the Welsh princes, and consecrated by the Bishop of S. David's (?) in A.D. 1056, but subsequently confirmed (?) by Kinsi Archbishop of York at a Council at London A.D. 1059. I. LIB. LANDAV.-De Consecratione Herwaldi Episcopi.-Prestante totius creaturæ uisibilis et inuisibilis Auctore atque Gubernatore, Quem unum substantialiter trinumque personaliter in Se et per Se subsistere credimus et confitemur, universis orthodoxæ fidei cultoribus universalem uitæ presentis prosperitatem et æternalem immortalitatis felicitatem. Notum sit benevole prudentiæ legentium hoc dictamen, ac intelligentium quod celestis Pastor ouilis Christus Dominus, Cuius providentia atque dispensatione totum corpus Ecclesiæ terrestris regitur ac disponitur, humilem per manus impositionem Ioseph Episcopi Landauiæ consecratum in sacerdotem Herwaldum, et inter Anglos non modico tempore commorantem, et tam coram ipsis quam coram suæ, id est, Britannicæ gentis potestatibus gratia et moribus prefulgentem, ad sacerdotalem dignitatem feliciter Landauensis Ecclesie eius largiflua miseratione clementer elegerit. Cuius unanimis electio ab inuicto Rege Grifido, monarcha Britonum prepol [SUBJECTION OF SOUTH WELSH CHURCH TO CANTERBURY.] lente, et a Mourico filio Houel, consentientibus presulibus ac sacerdotibus atque doctoribus omnibus terræ primoribus ac magnatibus: et confirmata honorabiliter illius consecratio a summo Archiepiscopo Cynisi: et ab aliis Angliæ plurimis Episcopis canonice consummata est: sub cuius manu atque norma ipse suorum more pre[de]cessorum Episcopus exstitit, presente Domino glorioso Angli-Saxonum basilio Eaduuardo, cunctisque pontificibus et abbatibus, nec non archidiaconibus, cum omnibus Ecclesiæ ordinibus atque sapientibus, hoc ratum esse firmiter ac stabiliter adiudicantibus, pariterque benedicentibus, in illa famosa synodo, quæ Lundoniæ facta est in ebdomada Pentecostes anno Mmo. Lmo. IX. ab Incarnatione Domini nostri Jesu Christi; in quo deinceps omnium sapientium consilio huiuscemodi decretum prolatum atque consolidatum est, ut siquis rex vel dux aut satrapa siue princeps, uel quicunque prepotens, huic pontifici uel eius successoribus, aut loco cui preesse et prodesse missus est, succurrendo ac benefaciendo hoc pactum benedictionum obseruauerit et adimpleuerit, corpore simul et spiritu conseruetur in pace et quiete sanctorum omnium in secula seculorum. Amen. [pp. 254, 255.] IB.-Herwaldus Landauiæ Episcopus, millesimo centesimo quarto Incarnationis Dominicæ anno, quadragesimo uero octavo consecrationis suæ anno, sub Rege Henrico, et Anselmo Cantuariensi Archiepiscopo, pridie nonis Martii, migrauit ad Dominum. [ib. 268.] CAPIT. S. DAVID Eugenio Papa, A.D. 1145.—Joseph Archiepiscopus noster Herewaldum Landavensem ad ministerium pontificale promovit. [ap. Gir. Camb., De Invect. II. 6; Opp. III. 57-] II. ROT. ECCLES. CANTUAR.-Ereuualdus Landaviæ Episcopus, dato sibi baculo in regali curia a summo Rege Anglorum Willelmo, et electione cleri et populi Landaviæ, a metropolitano Cantuar. Eccles. Archiep. Lanfranco consecratus. A.D. vero 1104, XLVIII. vero consecrationis suæ anno sub Henrico Rege et Anselmo Cant. Archiep. pridie Nonas Martii migravit ad Dominum. [ap. Godwin, ed. Richardson, in notis.] III. R. DE DICETO, Abbrev. Chron.-A.D. 1071 Lanfrancus Herewardum Landaviæ Episcopum Cantuariæ consecravit. [Twysd. 483.] a There is no other record of this council. Kinsi was Archbishop of York A.D. 1051–1060; but why Stigand of Canterbury is not mentioned does not appear. The dates in the Canterbury Rolls themselves contradict the statement there made, and repeated by Diceto, about Lanfranc. Possibly Herwald received investiture at William's hands in 1071, after Lanfranc's appointment to Canterbury. Yet, if so, why should Anselm refuse to recognize him? The Llandaff and S. David's records may perhaps be forcibly harmonized, as above. But all four witnesses are alike untrustworthy. |