PERIOD THE FOURTH. A.D. 1188-1295. FROM THE VISITATIONS OF ARCHBISHOP BALDWIN AS LEGATE TO THAT OF ARCHBISHOP PECKHAM AS ARCHBISHOP OF CANTERBURY, AND TO THE FINAL ABSORPTION OF THE WELSH CHURCH (AND STATE) INTO THE ENGLISH. [A.D. 1197. Gryffydd Prince of South Wales on his succession does homage to Richard I. (Ann. Camb.). A.D. 1198-1203. Giraldus Cambrensis at S. David's contends for-1. freedom of election against Norman King and Archbishop (a similar contest at Bangor at the same time), and 2. metropolitan power of S. David's over Wales. A.D. 1201. July 11, and again A.D. 1202, John recognized by Llewellyn Prince of Gwynedd (Rymer, I. 84; Rot. Pat. I.8, ed. Hardy), and, A.D. 1208. Oct. 8, by Gwenwynwyn Prince of Powys (Rymer, I. 101), as suzerain. A.D. 1209. Llewellyn, and (“quod anteactis temporibus fuerat inauditum ") Welsh nobles, do homage to John at Woodstock (M. Paris, 228). A.D. 1211. John invades Wales and burns Bangor, and seizes its Bishop (Brut, ed. Williams, in an. 1210; Ann. de Waverl.). A.D. 1212. Interdict (imposed upon all England on account of King John) removed from Wales (Brut, ed. Williams). A.D. 1215. Free election of a Welsh Bishop of S. David's. Llewellyn excommunicated (Ann. de Waverl.). A.D. 1216. Wales again under an interdict, removed in 1217 (Brut, ed. Williams). A.D. 1223, and again 1231, Llewellyn excommunicated. A.D. 1232. Homage of Llewellyn to Henry III. renewed by him at Shrewsbury in person Dec. 7 (Rymer, I. 208), and 1237 he submits again (M. Paris, 436, 437). A.D. 1240. David Prince of Gwynedd, with the “barons of Wales," does homage, May 15, on his accession, at Gloucester (Ann. Camb.; Brut, ed. Williams; Rymer, I. 239; Brady, Append.), and 1241, Oct. 6, again at London (Ann. Camb.; Brut, ed. Williams; M. Paris, 570, 626). A.D.1241–5. David intrigues to make his kingdom a fief of the Papacy.—1245, Henry III. subjugavit sibi Walliam" (so also Ann. Camb.) “ et constituit ibi leges Anglicanas" (Ann. Wint. and de Waverl.).—Miserable state of the Welsh Church. A.D. 1247. Country between Dee and Conway (Perfeddwlad) ceded to Henry III., who in 1254 grants it to Prince Edward (Rymer, I. 267, 297; and see Brut, ed. Williams, in an 1255). [DISPENSATION FROM THE CRUSADE.] A.D. 1248. Bishop and Chapter of S. Asaph accordingly recognize by formal acknowledgment the King's right of election to Bishoprics; but, the same year, a free election at S. David's. A.D. 1256. Edward attempts to introduce English laws into Perfeddwlad (Ann. de Dunstapl.); and, accordingly, 1257, Welsh revolt (ib., and Ann. Camb., in an. 1256; Ann. de Teokesb. I. 158, Luard); and 1256 at S. David's, 1257 at Llandaff, a free election of Welsh Bishops; and 1260, Llewellyn excommunicated, and afterwards a truce made (Ann. Camb.). A.D. 1261-5. Llewellyn joins De Montfort; who in 1265 makes Henry III. cancel the obligations contracted by the Welsh princes (Rymer, I. 457). A.D. 1267. Llewellyn does homage to Henry III. at Montgomery (Brut, ed. Williams; Rymer, I. 473). A.D. 1273. He refuses homage to Edward I., but 1274, Aug. 18, the Pope inhibits an interdict (Rymer, I. 505, 515). So also A.D. 1275 (Brut, ed. Williams). A.D. 1276. After summons by the Archdeacon of Canterbury, he is, Feb. 27, 1277 (Rymer, I. 541), excommunicated, but Nov. 11, 1277, absolved at Rhuddlan, where he does homage (Ann. de Winton.), and 1278 at Worcester is married to Eleanor de Montfort (Brut, ed. Williams). A.D. 1282. He rebels, and notwithstanding Archbishop Peckham's mediation is excommunicated (Ann. de Waverl.), and Dec. 11 (Ann. Camb.) killed. A.D. 1283. David captured and executed (Ann. Camb.). Plan for transferring S. Asaph to Rhuddlan. A.D. 1284. Archbishop Peckham visits all the Welsh dioceses as Archbishop. Bishop Beck of S. David's protests. Edward I. and Queen Eleanor at S. David's. Statute of Rhuddlan. A.D. 1294. Madoc rebels and is excommunicated, and 1295 is slain; the rebellion being put down by August in the latter year (Cont. Flor. Wig.)]. A.D. 1189. December 11a. Dispensation of John of Anagnia, Papal Legate, for the Bishop of S. David's, and Giraldus Archdeacon of Brecknock, from going to the Crusade. Excuses in the Crusade, their [A.D. 1189. December 11. Dover.] - Venerabili in personal presence Christo patri Baldwino Dei gratia Cantuariensi Archiepion the ground scopo et omnibus ad quos literæ præsentes pervenerint, JOHANof poverty, and NES ANAGNINUS EADEM GRATIA TITULO S. MARCI PRESon condition of alms. BYTER CARDINALIS, APOSTOLICE SEDIS LEGATUS, æternam in Domino salutem. Veniens ad nos Giraldus de Sancto David Archidiaconus ex parte sua et venerabilis fratris nostri Petri Menevensis Episcopi nobis proposuit; quod, cum eis ex parte Henrici Anglorum Regis spes, si Ierosolimam secum vellent adire, in expensis quas in prædicta via facerent non modica facta esset, prædicto siquidem Rege sublato de medio, votum præconceptum, cum eis expensæ non suppetant, peragere minime possunt. Nos igitur paupertati tam prædictorum Episcopi et Archidiaconi quam aliorum Walensium, qui [RENEWED DISPUTES ABOUT THE SEE OF BANGOR.] ad votum præconceptum peragendum per se non sufficiunt, taliter duximus consulendum; quod in propriis personis ire non possint, de bonis divinitus sibi collatis Ierosolimam euntibus tribuant, et ad reparationem ecclesiæ Menevensis operam impendant et auxilium. Præfatos quoque Episcopum et Archidiaconum, propter ætatis defectum vel paupertatem, a prætaxato itinere Ierosolimitano, auctoritate nobis concessas b, ab eadem dispensatione duximus absolvendos, et penitus denuntiamus absolutos: ista tamen [conditione] quod Ierosolimam accedentibus auxilium præbeant et adjutorium. Illud item de populo sibi commisso facimus. [Gir. Camb. De Reb. a se Gestis, 11. 22; Opp. I. 84, 85.] John of Anagnia, appointed March 12, 1189 (Jaffé), came to England in November as legate, but was not admitted into the kingdom until December and quitted it Dec. 11 (Bened. Abb., II. 97, 98, 101). Richard had been crowned on the previous Sept. 3. Henry had died July 6. And Peter of S. David's was at the Council of Pipewell Sept. 15, 16 (Hoveden, in an.). b Leg. concessa. A.D. 1190–1195, 1196-1203. Renewed disputes about the See of Bangor. I. [Bishop Guy-Gwianus, Guianus,-died 1190 (so Stubbs, from Gir. Camb.; 1191, Brut, ed. Williams); and the see, which was offered to Giraldus (if his own assertion can be trusted),- -as was also the see of Llandaff, vacant in 1191 by the death of William of Saltmarsh and not filled until 1193 (De Reb. a se Gest. II. 22, 24; Opp. I. 85, 87),—was not filled until the consecration of Alan (so called by Gir. Camb. De Invect. V. 14; Opp. III. 139; and in his own Profession) April 16, 1195 (Ann. Southwark. MS., Gervas. 1681, P. R. C.). But there is no record of the cause of the delay. II. Bishop Alan died May 19, 1196 (Godwin from MSS. Cott. Nero E. 6, and see also the Brut, ed. Williams), and Robert of Shrewsbury, his successor, was consecrated March 16, 1197, at Westminster by Archbishop Hubert (Chron. de Merton). But a Welsh opposition to Robert, parallel to the great strife (almost contemporaneous) at S. David's, and only less known, "caret quia vate sacro"--because it was not fortunate enough to have a Giraldus to record it, lived on in the form of appeals to the Pope until at least A.D. 1203: as appears by] Appeal to the III. GIR. CAMB., De J. et S. Menev. Eccl., Dist. III.— Pope against Ro- Interim autem vicissim et alternatim magnæ contenbert Bishop of Bangor. tiones coram eisdem auditoribus a erant inter R. Bangorensem electum et bAndream, qui se ei propter Archiepiscopi favorem pro Roberto Bangorensi Episcopo totis nisibus opponebat. Hic autem electus c monachus erat ordinis Cisterciensis et subprior monasterii de Aberconeu in Venedocia, dicens se legitimum electum de Bangor, et Robertum ab Archiepiscopo superintrusum. Hunc autem et prima vice qua Romæ fuerat Archidiaconus [1199, 1200] et hac secunda [1201] Romæ inventum, tam in odium Archiepiscopi, cujus [RENEWED DISPUTES ABOUT THE SEE OF BANGOR.] factum monachus etiam impugnabat, quam etiam quoniam ipse Walensis extiterat, et in causa status et dignitatis Sancti Davidis ei pro posse assisteret, totis juvare viribus intendebat d. [Opp. III. 193: see also De Invect. I. 2; III. 11: ib. 19, 66.] a Viz. those appointed by Innocent to hear Giraldus' case at Rome, about July 1201. b One of the clerks employed by Hubert against Giraldus. i.e. the R. aforesaid, whose name is not recorded. d Robert was consecrated "citra electionem omnem," if Gir. Cambr. is to be trusted (De Reb. a se Gest. III. 14; Opp. I. 114). dus to the Pope Bangor. Address of Giral- IV. ID., De Invect. I. 11. [A.D. 1201, July.] Pro Banfor Canons of gorensi electo.—Placeat Sanctitati vestræ, pater et domine, canonicos hos Bangorenses audire, et nos pro ipsis simul et nobis, quia causæ nostræ ut nostri sese contingunt, pauca proponentes admittere velitis ...... et eundem habemus inimicum Archiepiscopum, qui abbatem unum mihi superintrusit, immo et abbates duos, primum mihi sanguine propinquum, ut schisma faceret et in genere meo, alterum vero, qui canonicus fuerat Ecclesiæ nostræ, plures in eos filios et consanguineos canonicos habens, ut schisma faceret in capitulo; quorum utrique firmam spem dedit, cum tamen eandem cathedram simul et semel obtinere non possint; et sic alterum decipiendo vel forsan utrumque. Eadem arte et ingenio, huic viro bono, primum electo et canonice vocato, Anglicum quendam citra electionem omnem et vocationem superintrudi et consecrari procuravit, vagum eundem ac profugum et nullius civitatis Episcopum.-[Precatur ut Pontifex eum suæ Ecclesiæ restituat.]-His itaque summatim sic prælibatis, dicant nunc isti, vel legant factum suum. [Opp. III. 39, 40.] with a commis The Bangor V. ID., De J. et S. Menev. Eccl., Dist. V. [A.D. 1203, claimant returns June.]-Præterea monachus ille, qui se Bangoriensem gessit electum, interim peractis negotiis ut tunc poterant, cum commissione discesserat. [ib. 287.] sion. The Archbishop VI. ID., De Invect. I. 10.-Sensit quoque [nequitiam Arpersecutes him. chiepiscopi Cantuariensis] Bangorensis electus, cui post electionem suam canonicam et appellationem interpositam Anglicum quendam superintrusit, et nunc etiam ordinis sui consortium per abbates Anglicos et capitulum Cisterciense auferri procuravit. [ib. 38, 39.] [CHAPTER OF LLANDAFF ORGANIZED.] VII. ID., De F. et S. Menev. Eccl., Dist. IV. [A.D. 1203, January.]— Electus autem Bangoriensis, propter sententiam qua separatus ab ordine fuerat, quoniam id abbas Cisterciensis domino Papæ literis et nunciis significaverat, non statim urbem intrare ...... disposuerat; donec Archidiaconus, ei vix animum adjiciens et audaciam, secum eundem ad curiam duxit. [ib. 241b.] a Giraldus found him at Paris, and they arrived at Rome together. b The appeal must have been decided against the unfortunate subprior of Aberconway, as Robert continued in possession of his see until his death in 1213. He was at the Council of Westminster Sept. 19, 1199 (R. de Diceto), with (Henry) of Llandaff, and R(einer) of S. Asaph (Id.). And in 1197, Peter of Blois (who was Archdeacon of Bath as late as March 18, 1195 [Pet. Bles. Epist. CIX. addressed to Hubert of Canterbury as legate] and obviously later still) complains (Epist. CXLVII.), immediately upon Robert's consecration, that when elect of Bangor he had ejected a nominee of Peter's from a prebend of Wolverhampton, of which Robert seemingly had been Dean. A.D. 1193 × 1218. Chapter of Llandaff organized by Henry of ADDIT. TO LIB. LANDAV.-Iste Henricus de Bergaueny constituit XIIIIm, prebendas in sancta Cathed. Landauensi et tot adhuc deberent esse quarum XIIIIm. prebendarum secundum statuta nostra octo defungi debent per uicarios sacerdotes, quatuor uero per uicarios diaconos, et alie due prebende defungi debent per uicarios subdiaconos : qui faciunt XIIIIm. uicarios respondentes XIIIIm. prebendis seu XIIIIm, canonibus prebendariis: ut premissum est. [Mem. of 15th century, at the end of the Owston Lib. Landav.] A.D. 1197. Synodical Excommunication and Absolution of Rhys King of South Wales by Peter Bishop of S. David's a. ANN. DE WINTON., in an. 1197.-[Peter de Leia, Bishop of S. David's, being personally insulted and ill-treated by King Rhys,] citatis archidiaconibus suis et totius Episcopatus presbyteris, cum illis pariter Regem et Regis filios cum tota terra sua anathemate perculit. [Upon Rhys's death a few days afterwards, his son Gryffydd made submission, and] Episcopus, vapulato Regis defuncti corpore jam fœtido, vapulatis etiam filiis, cum mortuo vivis, [eos] eorumque terram absolvit, assensu et auctoritate domini Archiepiscopi Cantuariensis. [66 Luard.] a "Resus Grifini filius .... IV. cal. Maii moritur (1197), cujus corpus nobile apud Sanctum David cum honore debito humatum est." (Ann. |