[BRITISH CORNISH BISHOP SUBJECT TO CANTERBURY.] sit, jubente synodo suæ gentis, librum egregium adversus errorem Brittonum, quo vel Pascha non suo tempore celebrant vel alia perplura ecclesiasticæ castitati et paci contraria gerunt; multosque eorum, qui Occidentalibus Saxonibus subditi erant Brittones, ad Catholicam Dominici Paschæ celebrationem hujus lectione perduxit. [M. H. B. 268.] a That Aldhelm failed to convert the Britons not subject to Wessex, i. e. the Cornish, is both implied by Bæda himself, and expressly appears from the entry in Leofric's Missal relating to A.D. 909, which see under A.D. 909. b See this synod, and Aldhelm's Epistola ad Geruntium Regem Damnoni, below under the Saxon Church, A.D. 705. The synod was very possibly that at which S. Boniface was present as a young presbyter (Willibald, V. S. Bonifac.). a b A.D. 833 x 870. Kenstec Bishop of Dinnurrin (in Cornwall) professes canonical obedience to Ceolnoth Archbishop of Canterbury. [Professio Kenstec Episc. Cornub.]-In nomine Dei Summi et Domini nostri Jesu Christi. Ego Kenstec, humilis licet etc indignus, [ad] Episcopalem sedem in gente Cornubia in monasterio quod lingua Brettonum appellatur Dinnurrin electus, in primis confiteor tibi, sanctissime pater Ceolnode Archiepiscope, quod absque omni dubietate credo in Deum Patrem omnipotentem, cœli et terræ factorem, et in Jesum Christum Filium Ejus, Qui natus est de casta et intemerata virgine atque inviolata matre Maria, passusque pro humani generis redemptione et salute; similiter et in Spiritum Sanctum, procedente[m] de Patre et Filio, co-adorandum ac glorificandum illam Sanctam Trinitatem et veram Unitatem ore et corde et omnibus adoro et glorifico atque etiam d laudo omnibus diebus vitæ meæ. Fateor etiam cum omni humilitate et sincera devotione, piissime et prudentissime præsul, quod in omnibus e sancta sede' Dorovernensis Ecclesiæ et tibi tuisque successoribus obodibilis servunculus supplexque clientulus usque ad terminum transeuntis vitæ sine ullo falsitatis frivolæ cogitationis scrupulo fieri paratus sum. Ego Kenstec mea propria manu confirmando subscribo signaculo Crucis Christi. [Ex Regist. Prior. et Convent. Cant.] If this document dates towards the latter end of Ceolnoth's archiepiscopate, i. e. not long before 870, the occurrence in it of the Double Procession presents no difficulty. It is harder to understand how the Cornish "errors" could have lasted until 909 (see under that year), if the Cornish Bishop submitted to Canterbury half a century before; save indeed that these "errors" may well have held their ground among the people long after the Bishops gave them up. The earliest Saxon grant of land in Devonshire appears to be one of Ethelwulf A.D. 854 (K., C.D. 272), followed by thelstan's grants to Exeter monastery A.D. 937,938,939 (ib 369,371,373, 1120), and Chut's A.D. 1019 (ib. 729). For Cornwall, see below on p. 688. b " Dingerein" (i. e. the castle of Geraint) was the Cornish "harbour" at which S. Teilo [A SAXON SEE IN DEVONSHIRE AND PART OF CORNWALL.] landed (Lib. Landar. 108) when he crossed from Armorica to visit King Gerennius on his deathbed. Compare "Dinsol," the Cornish name for S. Michael's Mount in the Life of S. Cadoc (§ 27, Cambro-Brit. SS. 65). And it looks a very plausible conjecture, that the most probably miswritten Dinnurrin of the Canterbury scribe was intended for Dingerein. If so, how ever, it leaves the question still doubtful between S. Germain's and Bodmin, both being (in the words of W. Malm., G. P. A., II.) "supra mare juxta flumen :" although S. Germain's no doubt is on the side of the country towards Armorica. "ad," in the MS. d The word is doubtful in the MS. e' So in the MS. A.D. 875. ANN. CAMB.-CCCCXXXI. Annus. Dumgarth a Rex Cerniu mersus est. [M. H. B. 836. So also Brut y Tywysog., ib. 845, "Dwrngarth."] a See the sepulchral inscription of King Donierth or Dyvnerth, below in Append. B. A.D. 884. First Organization of a Saxon See out of (now Saxon) ASSER, De Reb. Gest. Ælfredi.—Dedit mihi [i. e. Ælfredus Asserio] Exanceastre cum omni parochia quæ ad se pertinebat in Saxonia et in Cornubia. [M. H. B. 489.] a On the death of Bishop Wulfsige, A.D. 892 x 900, Asser became Bishop of Sherborne, the then Western Wessex see, comprising Berks, Dorset, Wilts, Somerset (Flor. Wig. Append.; A.D. 891. ANGLO-SAX. CHRON., in an. And prie Scottar cuomon to Elfpede Cyninge. on ânum bate butan ælcum gepedpum. of Dibennia. Ponon hi hi bertælon foppon þe hi polson Fop Loder lufan on elprodignerse beon hi ne pohton hpæn. Se bat pær gepopht of priddan healyne hýbe pe hi on fopon and hi namon mid him þær hi hærson to reofon nihtum mete and þa comon hie ymb vii niht to londe on Copnpalum and foɲon þa sona to Ælfpede Cyninge. Dur hie pæpon zenembe Dubɣláne, and accbedu, and Maclinmum a. [M. H. B. 362, 363.] and see Stubbs, Reg. Sac. Angl.); to which must have been added, on Asser's accession to the see, Devonshire and some small part of Cornwall. "Saxonia" = Devonshire. And three Scots came to King Ælfred, in a boat without any oars, from Ireland, whence they had stolen away, because they desired for the love of God to be in a state of pilgrimage, they recked not where. The boat (coracle) in which they came was made of two hides and a half; and they took with them. provisions sufficient for seven days; and then about the seventh day they came on shore in Cornwall, and soon after went to King Alfred. Thus they were named; Dubslane, and Macbeth, and Maclinmum a. [Ib.] • According to Ethelweard (M. H. B. 517), they went on to Rome and thence to Jerusalem. [BRITISH CORNISH BISHOP SUBJECT TO CANTERBURY.] A.D. 909. Saxon See of Crediton constituted out of Devon and three parishes in Cornwall. LEOFRIC'S MISSAL, fol. 2 .-Plegmundus ordinavit ... Eadulfum ad Ecclesiam Cridiensem: cui etiam addiderunt tres uillas in Cornubia, quarum nomina sunt hæc, b Polltun, Cœlling, Landuuithan; ut inde singulis annis uisitaret gentem Cornubiensem ad exprimendose eorum errores. Nam antea in quantum potuerunt, veritati resistebant, et non decretis Apostolicis obœdiebant. [MSS. Bodl. 579.] a Also in Archiv. Cant. A. fol. 3 b, whence Wilkins has printed it, I. 200. But Leofric's entry seems to be the original. It is also in part in W. Malm., G. R. A., II. 134; and in Flor. Wig. For the date as above given, for the entire document, and for the probable facts of the whole case, see below under the Saxon Church, under Plegmund's archiepiscopate. b Sc. Pawton in S. Breoc, Callington, and Lawhitton. See Pedler, Anglo-Sax. Episc. of Cornwall, p. 87. e" extirpandos," in Arch. Cant. as printed by Wilkins. A.D. 931a. British Cornish Bishop, suffragan to Canterbury. LELAND, Collect. I. 71.-Ex charta donat. Æthelstani. Erexit in Ecclesiam S. Germani quemdam Conanum Episcopum anno Dni. 936 nonis Decembris. KEMBLE, Cod. Diplom. Anglo-Saxon.—(Conan, Cunan, Cuman, Caynan, or Cayman ", " Episcopus," signs charters, as one of Æthelstan's court, at Colchester March 23, at Worthy July 21, and at Lewton in Wilts Nov. 12, A.D. 931; at Middleton (in Hants?) Aug. 30, A.D. 932; and at Winchester May 28, A.D. 934. And his name is subscribed also to doubtful charters, of June 17, A.D. 930, at Nottingham, of Dec. 21, A.D. 935, and of April 23, A.D. 939, at Dorchester. [Nos. 353, 364, 1102, 1103, 1107; and 352, 367, 375, 1119.]) For the Witenagemot under Æthelstan at Exeter in Easter 928, and its "judicia," see below under the Saxon Church. And for thelstan's conquest of the whole of Cornwall either then or in 926, Gul. Malm., G.R.A., II. 134; and Kemble, C.D.1101. Leland (as above) wavers between 936 and 926. The earliest signature of a Cornish Bishop to a Saxon grant is dated A.D. 931. (I.) A.D. b A Bishop "Mancant," without any see named, signs the charter of Aug. 30, A.D. 932 (Kemble, C. D. 1107) at Middleton, to which Conan's name is also attached. Possibly he too was a Cornish Bishop. His name may be miswritten for Morcant. Possibly however it may be meant for Marchlwyd Bishop of Llandaff (see above, p. 209). 941 × 1026 or 1043. Manumissions at the Altar of S. Petroc. Hæc sunt nomina illorum hominum Huna et soror illius Dolo, quos liberauit Byrhtflæd pro redemptione animæ suæ super [MANUMISSIONS AT S. PETROC'S.] altare Sancti Petroci coram istis testibus: Leofric prespiter, Budda prespiter, Morhaypo prespiter, Deui prespiter, Hresmen diaconus, Custentin laicus, Wurlowen laycos: ut libertatem habeant cum semine suo sine fine. Et maledictus sit qui fregerit hanc liber tatem. (II.) Rumun liberauit Haluiu super altare Sancti Petroci coram istis testibus: clerici Sancti Petroci. (III.) Budic, Glowmæ, quos liberauit Uulfsie Episcopus super altare Sancti Petroci. (IV.) Hec est nomen qui liberauit Duihon super altare Sancti Petroci Sancti: Leofstan, coram istis testibus: Byrhsie presbiter, Morhado diaconus, Britail, Iohann. (V.) Hæc sunt nomina illarum feminarum quas liberauit, Rum, Addalburg, et Ogurcen, coram istis, Wulsige, Cemoyre, testibus uiden[tibus]: Osian preš, Cantgethen diaconus, Leucum clericus. (VI.) Wulfsige Episcopus liberauit Inaprost cum filiis eius pro anima Eadgar Rex et pro anima sua coram istis testibus: Byrhsige presbiter, Electus presbiter, Abel presbiter, Morhado diaconus, Canredeo diaconus, Riol diaconus. (VII.) Hæc sunt nomina illorum hominum quos liberabit Ælfsie super altare Sancti Petroci pro redemtione animæ suæ, Onwen, Ewsannec, Iesu, coram istis testibus: Byrhtsie psr., Mermen pbr., Agustinus lector, Morhaipo diaconus, Riol diaconus. (VIII.) Hoc est nomen illius femine Gluiucen, quem liberauit Ordulf pro anima Ælfsie super altare Sancti Petroci coram istis testibus: Morhado diacono, Tithert clerico. (IX.) pes ys pas manes nama de Byrhsie gefreade et Petrocys stowe, Byhstán Háte Bluntan sunu, on Epelhide gewitnyse hys agen wíf, and on Byrhisi ys mæsepreóstes, and on [Rio]l, and Myrmen, and Wunsie, Morhæppo, and Cynsic preóst. (X.) Hec sunt nomina mulierum, Medhuil, Adlgun, quas liberauit Eadmunt Rex super altare Sancti Petroci palam istis testibus: Cangueden diaconus, Ryt clericus, Anaoc, Tithert. (XI.) Hec sunt nomina hominum quas liberauit Eadmund Rex pro anima sua super altare Sancti Petroci, Tancwoystel, Wenerieð, coram istis testibus: Wulfsie presbiter, Adoyre Milian clericus. Atque in eadem die mandauit hanc feminam Arganteilin eisdem testibus. (XII.) Hæc sunt nomina hominum quas liberauerunt clerici Pe [MANUMISSIONS AT S. PETROC'S.] troci, Sulleisoc, Ourduypal, pro anima Eadgari Regis super altare Sancti Petroci in festiuitate Sancti Micaelis coram istis testibus: Byrhsie presbiter, Osian presbiter, Austius lector, Riol diaconus. (XIII.) Hoc est [nom]en mulieris Meonre, quam liberauit Ullfrit pro anima sua super altare Sancti Petroci coram istis testibus: Mermen presbiter, Morhai do diaconus, Guaidrit clericus. (XIV.) Hec sunt nomina mulierum quas liberauit Wulfsie Episcopus et clerici Sancti Petroci, Proscen, Wuencen, Onncum, Illcum, super altare Sancti Petroci coram istis testibus: Byrhsie presbiter, Riol diaconus, Morhado diaconus, Wuadrit clericus. (XV.) Hoc est nomen illius mulieris, Wencenedel, quam liberauit Ordgar dux pro anima sua super altare Petroci Sancti coram istis testibus: Wulfsige Episcopus, Leumarh presbiter, Grifiuð presbiter, Morhaido diaconus. (XVI.) Hoc est nomen illius hominis, Iliup, cum semine suo, quem liberauit Æpelræd Rex super altare Sancti [Petroci] coram istis testibus: Æpelwerd dux testis, Osolf prepositus testis, Mermen prespiter, Riol prespiter, Ret clericus, Lecem clericus, Blepros clericus. (XVII.) Hoc est nomen istius hominis Madfup, quem liberauit Iofa pro redemtione animæ suæ super altare Sancti Petroci, coram istis testibus uidentibus: Tittherd presbiter, Apalberp presbiter, Budda presbiter, Brytthael presbiter, Cenmyn presbiter; hii sunt laici, Tepion filius Wasso et Ungust Cilifri. Et quicumque fregerit hanc libertatem, anathema sit; et quicumque custodierit, benedictus sit. (XVIII.) Hæc sunt nomina illarum feminarum quas liberauit Ermen pro anima matris illius, Guenguiu et Elisaued, super altare Sancti Petroci coram istis testibus uidentibus: Osian presbyter, Leucum clericus, Ret clericus. (XIX.) Hoc est nomen istius hominis, Teripian, cum semine suo, quem liberauit Ordulf filius Brun super altare Sancti Petroci pro redemtione anime suæ, ut libertatem habeat ab eo et a semine suo perpetualiter, coram istis idoneis testibus: Leofric presbiter, Prudens presbiter, Adalberd p., Tittherd ỹ., Budda õ., Boia diaconus, Moraypo diaconus. Quicumque fregerit hanc libertatem, anathema sit; et quisquis custodierit, benedictus sit. (XX.) Hoc est nomen illius mulieris, Elfgyp, quam liberauit Æþælflæd pro anima sua et pro anima domini sui Æþælwerd dux, |