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No doubt further illustrations could readily be found, but the following, taken (with one exception) from Notts literature, will probably suffice. On the outskirts of Nottingham-partly within, but mainly without, the present city boundaries-is an ancient road traversing a narrow ridge of hill-top land, three or four miles in length, once a part of Sherwood Forest. This is called the Plains Road, and the adjacent land on either side William Peveril's foundation charter to is called the Plains-otherwise Mapperley Lenton Priory, 1103-8, grants "the towns Plains, from a suburb at the Nottingham of Radford, Morton, and Keighton, with all end. The road, however, limits several their appurtenances, and whatsoever he parishes, the villages whereof lie in flanking had in Newthorpe and Papplewick, in wood, valleys, whence arose the names Arnold plain," &c. Plains, Sneinton Plains, Gedling Plains, and Nottingham Plains. The strange thing is that this narrow hill-top tract scarcely approachable by vehicular traffic before modern improvements-differs totally from the orthodox conception of what plains A similar passage occurs in the foundation should be, and has consequently often given charter of Rufford Abbey, as also in one of rise to puzzled inquiries that nobody could the early Osberton charters (vide 'Dukery Records,' 1904). I have not access to the original text in connexion with these passages, but the continued recurrence of the phrase leaves little room for doubt. answer. From the limited historical evidence available, while compiling a history of Mapperley in 1902, I directed some attention OXFORD PARLIAMENTARY LEADERS (Concluded from p. 22.) Trinity College numbers among her worthies Cromwell's son-in-law Henry Ireton, soldier and regicide; Edmund Ludlow, soldier, author, and regicide; Sir Richard Newdigate, Bt., Judge; William Laurence, lawyer and M.P.; James Harrington, who, although he faithfully attended Charles I. in his imprisonment, was theoretically a democrat and author of 'Oceana'; William Hook, chaplain to Cromwell; Gaspar Hickes, a member of the Westminster Assembly; John Packer, M.P., friend of Eliot, secretary to Buckingham, and one of the Parliamentary Visitors to the University; and Zouch Tate, M.P., proposer of the famous " self-denying ordinance" in 1644, and another of the Parliamentary Visitors. Robert Harris, the intruded President of Trinity, was an active Visitor. Robert Devereux, third Earl of Essex and general of the Parliamentary Army, was at Merton College; so also was the celebrated Puritan divine Francis Cheynell, intruded President of St. John's, Lady Margaret Professor of Divinity, and the violent To New College belong William Fiennes, adversary of Chillingworth. Like his opposecond Baron and first Viscount Saye and nent, Cheynell was a native of Oxford; and Sele, "Old Subtlety," and his second son the city was more inclined to Puritanism Nathaniel Fiennes, Parliamentary Governor than was the University. Sir Nathaniel of Bristol, which he surrendered to Prince Brent, Warden of Merton, was President of Rupert. Saye and Sele was High Steward the Parliamentary Commission for Visitaof his University 1641-3 and 1646-60. The tion of the Universities. Edward Reynolds Fiennes family enjoyed various privileges (Warden after the Restoration and Bishop as founder's kin at Winchester and New of Norwich), as a moderate Anglican who Colleges; and it is probably owing to their was ready to accept an accommodation, was mythical connexion with Wykeham that Dean of Christ Church and Vice-Chancellor his twin foundations came off as well as under the Puritan régime. they did under the rule of the Puritans. Philip Herbert, fourth Earl of Pembroke and first of Montgomery, was of this house. Succeeding Laud as Chancellor of his University, he superintended the visitation of the Colleges and ejection of Royalists. He was patron of Van Dyck, and the younger of "the incomparable pair of brethren" to whom the first folio of Shakespeare's works was inscribed in 1623. Hart Hall (now Hertford College) claims John Selden as her son. His studies in the Inner Temple procured him the title of the great dictator of learning of the English nation." He sat in the Long Parliament as burgess for the University; but for a man of learning he was very slightly indebted to his Alma Mater. To this Hall also belong Sir John Glynne, the judge who made a long address to the Protector in favour of Cromwell's assumption of the crown, which he printed on the Restoration as evidence that ho had always been at heart a monarchist; and Adrian Scrope the New College educated the following Puritan divines: William Twisse, Prolocutor of the Westminster Assembly, whose remains were cast out of the Abbey after the Restoration ; John White, "the regicide. patriarch of Dorchester "; John Harris, Regius Professor of Greek and Warden of Winchester; and Hugh Robinson, Head Master of Winchester and Archdeacon of Gloucester, who lost his appointments, but eventually took the Covenant. Stephen Charnock of Emmanuel, Cambridge, was an intruded Fellow. To University College belong the notorious Henry Marten, soldier, politician, and regicide, but "as far from a Puritan as light is from darknesse"; William Gay the regicide; Ezreel Tongue, divine and ally of Titus Oates; John Flavel, Presbyterian divine; and Rowland Stedman, Nonconformist divine and intruded scholar. White. Thomas Mytton, Parliamentary Com- To Jesus College belongs John White,. mander-in-Chief and Vice-Admiral in North Parliamentarian, commonly called Century Wales, was of Balliol College; So were Alexander Popham of Littlecote, one of Cromwell's lords; and John Wilde, Chief Baron of the Exchequer. Among Oriel College worthies of the period were William Prynne, the celebrated Puritan pamphleteer; Sir Robert Harley of Brampton Bryan Castle, Master of the Mint; and Calybute Downing, chaplain to Lord Robartes's regiment, a reputed weather cock." Queen's College gives us Sir Thomas Myddelton, Parliamentary Sergeant-MajorGeneral for North Wales; and John Owen the theologian, Dean of Christ Church, Vice-Chancellor, and chaplain to Cromwell in Ireland and Scotland. William Lenthall, Speaker of the Houseof Commons, was of St. Alban Hall (now absorbed by Merton); so too was Robert Blake, the famous admiral and general at. sea, but he soon migrated to Wadham College. To Wadham also belong Nicholas. Love the regicide; and John Wilkins, originally of Magdalen Hall, who became successively Warden of Wadham, Master of Trinity College, Cambridge, and Bishop of Chester. He was centre of the group which formed the Royal Society; and married Cromwell's sister Robina. The ancient Hall of Broadgates (now Pembroke College) claims John Pym, the greatest member of Parliament who ever All Souls College, which in the sequel was lived." His signature is preserved at Pemto owe much to the unwelcome action of broke, affixed to a donation of 448. to the the Parliamentary Visitors, produced the enlargement of the dining-hall (now the notorious journalist Marchamont Needham, library). It is dated 27 April, 1623 (the who had been originally a quirister of that year before Broadgates became Pembroke), house. He was an usher at Merchant and he is described as quondam Aulæ Taylors' School, member of Gray's Inn, Lateportensis Commensalis." In 1630, when and student of medicine before discovering subscriptions were made for the chapel of his true vocation. He then became chief Gloucester Hall (now Worcester College), author of Mercurius Britannicus, changed Pym gave 20s. ; and a like sum was given. sides, and published in the King's defence by his elder son Alexander, whom he had Mercurius Pragmaticus, but, on being committed to Newgate, again changed his party, and published a new weekly paper, Mercurius Politicus, in support of Cromwell; and, later, edited the official journal, the Public Intelligencer. Having obtained his pardon after the Restoration, he was employed by the Government to attack Shaftesbury and the Opposition. Sir William Petty, political economist, was appointed by the Commissioners of the Commonwealth a Fellow of Brasenose, and, later, Professor of Anatomy. Of Corpus Christi College were Edward Pococke, the celebrated Oriental scholar, who was appointed Hebrew Professor by the Parliamentary Visitors, and reappointed at the Restoration; and Daniel Featley or Fairclough, controversialist, one of the translators of the Bible, and-as a moderate Anglican-a member of the Westminster Assembly. To Christ Church belong Thomas Case, the celebrated Presbyterian divine; and Henry Stubbe or Stubbs, physician and author. Laud's College, St. John the Baptist, claims Sir Benjamin Rudyerd, politician and poet; and Bulstrode Whitelocke, Keeper of the Great Seal. sent there to be under his own old tutor at. Broadgates, Degory Wheare, first Camden Professor of History at Oxford and Principal of Gloucester Hall. Of Broadgates also was Francis Rous, Provost of Eton, Speaker of the Little or Barebones Parliament, and member of the Protector's Council of State.. His father, Sir Anthony Rous, remarried with Pym's mother. The Eton Scholarship. at Pembroke is of Rous's foundation; and his portrait is to be seen in the dining-hall.. Clement Walker, Presbyterian leader and historian of Independency, is attributed to Broadgates by Wood; and Sir Thomas. Wroth, Parliamentarian and author, appears. to have been at both Gloucester and Broadgates Hall. Among Pembroke divines may be mentioned Peter Smart, the Puritan proto-martyr," and opponent of Bishop Cosin; Edmund Hall, who fought for Parliament and attacked Cromwell; Thomas. Hall, who wrote against unlicensed preachers, indiscriminate baptism, Fifth Monarchy Men, and Cavalier customs; Henry Langley, the intruded Master; Thomas Rosewell; and William Sedgwick, nicknamed Doomsday Sedgwick" and "Apostle of the Isle of Ely." Gloucester Hall (now Worcester College) claims John Carew the regicide, a Repub |