Laing, shortly after the establishment of the Bannatyne Club, was elected a Fellow of the Scottish Society of Antiquaries, of which he afterwards became Treasurer and Foreign Secretary, and by his aid, both of continuous toil and energy, it was saved from its threatened dissolution, and in 1874 his portrait was placed in the Society's Hall, in testimony of his long and valued services. The "Archæologia Scottica," selections from the Society's transactions, from 1780-1850, in four volumes, was chiefly arranged by him; and, during the last fifty years, he has been a constant contributor to its Transactions. In 1837 he was appointed Librarian to the Signet Library in Edinburgh, and in 1871 issued the first part of the "Catalogue of the Printed Books," containing the letters A-L. The second part, M-P, was on the point of going to press at the date of his death. In 1864 the University of Edinburgh conferred on him the honorary degree of LL.D., as an acknowledgment of his great merit as one of the chief literary archæologists of Scotland. In 1822 he published "Select Remains of the Ancient Popular Poetry of Scotland"; "Various Pieces of Fugitive Scottish Poetry of the XVIIth Century" in 1823-5, of which a second collection appeared in 1853. In 1826, Early Metrical Tales." In 1833, "Memoir of Lord Hailes." In 1844, the first volume of the " John "Woodrow Society's Miscellany." In 1846 to 1856, Knox's Works." In 1865, "Henryson's Poems and Fables." In 1868, "Gude and Godly Ballates." In 1871, "Poems of Sir David Lyndesay of the Mount"; and in 1872, Wyntoun's Chronicle." These are the most valuable of his labours, all highly appreciated, and all have become, or are becoming, scarce and dear.

LEWES. 1817-1878.-Had the author of The Life and Works of Goethe, and of a History of Philosophy from Thales to Comte, written nothing more, his contemporaries, no less than the future, owe him a debt of gratitude which can never be ignored. It is due to one whose sincerity in the pursuit of knowledge made him truthful to the revelations of an ardent and acute mind, fearless alike of popular predilections and prejudices endangering a literary reputation already achieved. George Henry Lewes was born in London in April, 1817, and in 1840, after having studied in Germany for two years, he returned to his native place. At first, perhaps, his necessities drove him to seek professional employment at the desk as a means of subsistence, but this was of short duration. The natural impulses of a brilliant and active intellect required other occupation than the dull routine, and he at once threw all his energies into literary pursuits, contributing to the high-classed periodicals of the day. It was just then that the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge was rising into popularity, and Mr. Charles Knight availed himself gladly of Mr. Lewes's offer to furnish a Biographical History of Philosophy. Thus, in the very earliest period of his literary career, the author of Problems of Life and Mind, and Physical Basis of Mind, gave promise of the value of his future more matured investigations. The sale of the parts of the " Library of Useful Knowledge," which contained the biographical history, reached 16,000, a larger number than that attained by any other subject in that popular series. Mr. Lewes loved the science of physiology, and was in the true sense of the word an original investigator. Those who knew him well, will bear witness that he never adopted anything at second hand till he had proved its correctness by microscopical investigation or dissection of the object. How sound an expositor he was is proved by the great popularity of his Physiology of Common Life, and his Seaside Studies, two books which did more to promote the study of natural science than a host of more pretentious volumes. The great charm of his writings is conspicuously visible in both-they are never dull. Perhaps, since the days of Oliver Goldsmith we have had no writer equally versatile and brilliant. Non tetigit quod non ornavit, equally applies to the one as to the other. Mr. Lewes's novels, it is true, will not compare with the "Vicar of Wakefield; " but Ranthorpe, and Rose, Blanch and Violet are pleasant reading, and his Game of Speculation only wants a Charles Matthews to make it again as popular as ever on the stage. His reviews and sparkling theatrical criticisms are essays in which nothing is slovenly or incomplete. Mr. Lewes was an amateur actor of some celebrity, and his admirable essays on The Art of Acting prove that he made it a study. The Leader, of which he was the first literary editor, did not long survive; but the Fortnightly Review, of which he was the first editor, took deep root, and has risen to the highest position in the field of literature to which it belongs. Mr. Lewes died at his residence, The Priory, North Bank, Regent's Park, on Saturday, the 30th of November. 1878, at half-past six o'clock, in his 62nd year. The funeral

took place on the 4th of December, at Highgate Cemetery. The Rev. Dr. Sadler, of Roslyn Chapel, Hampstead, officiated. Among the few intimate friends who were present was Mr. Anthony Trollope, Mr. Robert Browning, Mr. Herbert Spencer, Mr. Frederick Locker, Mr. Edward Pigott, Mr. Vernon Lushington, Mr. Frederic Harrison, Mr. Dumaurier, Mr. Joseph Langford, Mr. George Smith, Mr. Kegan Paul, and Mr. Nicholas Trübner. Mr. Lewes has left the manuscript of the fourth volume of "Problems of Life and Mind," which will be edited by his widow.

KHANIKOFF. On the 15th of November, 1878, died at Rambouillet, M. Nicolas de Khanikoff, the well-known Russian Orientalist, in his 60th year, having been born on the 24th October, 1819. He was educated at the Lyceum of Tsarskoe Selo, and early evinced a desire for Eastern travel. This led him to join General Perovsky's expedition to Khiva; and after its untoward result, he travelled through various parts of Asia, and ultimately, as Russian Consul, resided for many years in Persia. He was the first Russian who explored some parts of Khorasan and Afghanistan, but it is with Bokhara that his name is chiefly known. In 1843 he published Opisanie Bukharskago Khanstva, a translation of which, by the Baron C. A. de Bode, into English, was published in 1845: Bokhara; its Amir, and its People. He also published, in Russian, an account of an expedition to the East in the 18th century, and translated Ritter's Persia into Russian. During his residence in Paris he published, in 1861, Mémoire sur la Partie Méridionale de l'Asie Centrale; in 1865. Etudes sur l'Instruction Publique en Russie; and in 1866, Mémoire sur l'Ethnographie de la Perse.

SEAGER. - A gloom was cast over the closing day of the Congress of Orientalists, at Florence, by the death of the Rev. C. Seager, Professor of Hebrew at the Catholic College, Kensington, London, one of the delegates to the Congress, who died in that city on the 18th of September, after an illness of only two days. Professor Seager was an elegant Latin scholar, and only two days prior to his death had spoken, at the meeting of the Semitic Section, respecting the minute study of the minor elegances of Latin as necessary to enable scholars of our day to write it classically. We refer to Professor Pullé's opening paragraph of his communication to us on The International Congress of Orientalists, as showing how greatly his loss was mourned by its members.

LANG.-In the Rev. John Dunmore Lang, New South Wales has lost a citizen who will not soon be forgotten, one of the few men who are born to be the founders or architects of nations. He died at the age of 79, on Thursday, August 8th, 1878, in Sydney, the capital of the colony for whose consolidation and prosperity he had all his life laboured. The Sydney Morning Herald says of him:-John Dunmore Lang was born at Greenock, Scotland, on the 25th August, 1799. Dr. Lang received his early education at the parish school, and from that passed to the Glasgow University, where he remained eight years, and obtained the M.A. degree. He was licensed to preach by the Presbytery of Irvine on the 1st of June, 1820. The first of the family to leave Scotland for Australia was Mr. George Lang, the Doctor's brother, who for some time after his arrival occupied the head of the Commissariat at Parramatta. Having been requested by his brother to report on the moral and religious condition of the people in the colony, he furnished a statement of the position of the Presbyterian population, and their want of religious ordinances, and thereupon Dr. Lang determined to come to New South Wales, and was ordained by the Presbytery of Irvine in September, 1822, with a view to his forming a Church in Sydney, in connexion with the Scottish National Church. He embarked at Leith, and arrived in the colony in May, 1823, during the administration of Sir Thomas Brisbane, and was the first Presbyterian minister who regularly officiated in this colony. Towards the close of the administration of Sir Ralph Darling, in October, 1831, Dr. Lang left the colony a second time for England to obtain the requisite facilities for the establishment of an academic institution, or college, in Sydney, partly for the general education of young men, and also to enable candidates for the ministry to obtain the requisite preliminary education in the classics and liberal arts. In this object he so far succeeded as to obtain the direction of Lord Goderich to the Colonial Government to pay £3500, on condition that a similar sum should be subscribed by the promoters. But this educational scheme of the Doctor met

with opposition in the colony, and he was in great straits to procure funds, having to sell his private property in respect of the obligations he had contracted; and in 1833 he undertook another voyage to England in furtherance of this object. In 1835 he established the Colonist, a weekly journal, for the promotion of the intellectual and moral advancement of the people. About this time also Dr. Lang strongly objected to a suggested diversion of the land revenue for the purposes of the police and gaol establishments of the colony, and complained that the Government were not using these colonial funds so liberally as was desirable to introduce immigrants. In the question of immigration Dr. Lang always took a deep interest; and it is his disinterested public-spirited exertions in this direction, extending over many years, and resulting in the introduction into this colony of a large number of its most industrious and estimable citizens, that entitles him to the highest position as a benefactor of his adopted country. Dr. Lang agitated this question both in the colony and in England, observing with statesmanlike foresight that the progress and wellbeing of the community would best be promoted by the introduction of numbers of the industrious and respectable free people of Great Britain, as they would necessarily leaven with a higher morality the somewhat low tone of convict life that so largely made up colonial society; and it is generally admitted that the immigrants whom he has been directly or indirectly instrumental in introducing into the colony have been among the best of our colonists. When in England in 1836, on his fourth trip, which he took for the specific purpose of bringing out a number of ministers of religion and schoolmasters, he made representations to Lord Glenelg at the Colonial Office, which had the effect of causing funds to be devoted to assist immigrants to the colony, and some 4000 came within about three years. In 1839 Dr. Lang again went to England, on ecclesiastical business. Owing to a leak, the ship conveying him put into New Zealand, and this event directed his attention to those islands. On his arrival in England he wrote several letters to the Right Honourable the Earl of Durham, urging the Government to take possession of the whole group as a colony of Great Britain, contending that no Act was necessary for the purpose, as had been proposed, and stating that the commission granted to Captain Phillip, R.N., as Governor of New South Wales, included the possession of New Zealand; and it may be remembered that in February, 1840, Captain Hobson took possession of these islands for Her Majesty, in the manner suggested. On his return he was elected one of the representative members of the first Legislative Council under the Constitation of 1842, for the district of Port Phillip. Dr. Lang voted for the establishment of a general system of education, similar to the one in operation in Ireland, known as Lord Stanley's; and although a motion in favour of this was carried, the Governor refused his concurrence, and the Denominational system was continued. In 1843 he proposed a motion for the extension of the franchise, to include squatters and tenant farmers, and to equalize the representation, and was afterwards chairman of a select committee to whom his proposal was referred, and whose report recommended the adoption of his views. He also advocated the uniform postage-rate of 2d. throughout the colonies, which was afterwards agreed to. Dr. Lang, as is well known, held the opinion that the best method of governing the people of Australia was in colonies of moderate size, and he used his utmost efforts to secure the separation of both Queensland and Victoria from the territory of New South Wales. In the year 1846 Dr. Lang went to England for the sixth time, with the specific object of giving an impulse to Protestant emigration, and to prevent the colony from being transferred into an Irish Roman Catholic settlement; and until 1849 he remained in the mother-country, lecturing on the advantages of Australia as a place for British colonization, as will be remembered by many persons who are now in this community. After his return to Australia in 1850, there being a vacancy in the representation of the city of Sydney, Dr. Lang was elected by a large majority against the candidate who favoured transportation, and he immediately took an active part in the movement in

In September, 1851, at the second general election under Lord Stanley's semi-representative system, Dr. Lang was so popular as to be elected at the head of the poll for the representation of Sydney, but resigned his seat, and, in February, 1852, for the seventh time went to England. ́ In November, 1853, Dr. Lang returned to the colony, and was soon after elected to fill a vacancy in the representation of the electoral district of the county of Stanley, Moreton Bay, with the special object that he should promote separation of that district from New South Wales. Since the introduction of responsible Government, Dr. Lang has been three times elected as a representative of the Legislative Council for the constituency of West Sydney. Few men have_ever retained the favour of their constituents as did Dr. Lang that of those of Sydney West. As we have already stated, he was twice returned for the city as representative to the old Legislative Council. In the third Parliament under responsible Government he was elected at the head of the poll. He contested the election as a supporter of the Cowper party, and avowed his intended advocacy of triennial Parliaments, a single House of Parliament, cheap and efficient railway communication, a liberal land law for the settlement of the people of the country, the national system of education, and his opposition to the principle of State-aid to religion. He held his seat through that Parliament, and was again elected on the 12th December, 1860, at the head of the poll at the general election of the fourth Parliament. He continued to sit until the Parliament was dissolved, and on the 24th November, 1864, was again elected. He never afterwards sought election. Dr. Lang was engaged in ecclesiastical controversies with the Synod of Australia and the Presbytery of Irvine, and in 1861 he made another voyage to England to prosecute an appeal to the Privy Council. He was an honorary member of the African Institute of France, of the American Oriental Society, and of the Literary Institute of the University of Olinda, Brazils. The University at which he graduated conferred on him the degreee of Master of Arts, on 11th April, 1820; and that of Doctor of Divinity on 2nd May, 1825, at the particular request and desire of the Rev. Dr. Stephenson M Gill, Professor of Divinity in that University, then one of the most eminent men belonging to the University, and on the strong recommendation of the Rev. Dr. Scott, of Greenock, then one of the ablest divines of the West of Scotland. During the course of his long career the Rev. Dr. Lang had an unfortunate propensity, by action and word, to make enemies. But it is generally acknowledged that his views of public affairs were liberal and statesmanlike, and even some of his most intelligent and bitterest personal foes confessed that he was nearly always right in his public conduct. Of all the names associated with the early history of this colony, we shall not be exaggerating when we say that none will stand out more prominently than that of Dr. Lang. He has been more or less a prominent character for half a century, during perhaps the most eventful period of colonial life. The following is a list of the principal works of the Rev. Dr. Lang: "History of New South Wales," four editions, 1834, 1837, 1852, and 1875 respectively; "The Origin and Migration of Polynesian Nations," 1834; "Transportation and Colonization." 1837; "New Zealand in 1839, Position and Prospect of its Inhabitants"; "Religion and Education in America," 1840; "Cooksland, Australia," 1847; "Phillipsland,' "Freedom and Independence for Australia," 1852; "The Coming Event," 1870; "Aurora Australis," a series of poems, 1826.

1847;

SCOTT. On the 30th of December, 1878, at Upper Norwood, Surrey, died Thomas Scott, the great modern champion of free thought and free inquiry. His chief work was the "English Life of Jesus," but he wrote besides on "Original Sin," the "Lord's Prayer," "Miracles and Prophecies," the "Basis of a New Reformation," "Commentators and Hierophants," the "Dean of Ripon," and the "Tactics and Defeat of the Christian Evidence Society." He was a good classical scholar, and his thorough knowledge of Hebrew made him familiar with the Talmud and Rabbinical literature which made him a formidable opponent to the ordinary theologian.

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Manual by the late Professor of Agriculture in Mich. State Agri. College.

Morecamp (Arth.)—Live Boys: or, Charley and Nasho in Texas: a Narrative relating to Two Boys of Fourteen, one a Texan, the other a Mexican; showing their Life on the Great Texas Cattle Trail, and their Adventures in the Indian Territory, Kansas, and Northern Texas; Embracing many Thrilling Adventures. Taken down from Charley's Narrative. Illustrated. 12mo. cloth, pp. 308. Boston. 5s.

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Mother Goose in White: Mother Goose Rhymes, with Silhouette illustrated by J. F. Goodridge. 12mo. cloth, pp. 103. Boston. 4s. Otis (F. N., M.D.

Stricture of the Male 8vo. cl., pp. v. and 352.

Urethra. Its Radical Cure. Illustrated. New York. 15s.