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by Appian, cannot always be reconciled with the Commentaries; and all these four writers relate incidents as facts which are sometimes demonstrably false. Suetonius is apparently the most trustworthy. His narrative, like those of his contemporaries, was colored by tradition. His biographies of the earlier Cæsars betray the same spirit of animosity against them which taints the credibility of Tacitus, and prevailed for so many years in aristocratic Roman society. But Suetonius shows nevertheless an effort at veracity, an antiquarian curiosity and diligence, and a serious anxiety to tell his story impartially, Suetonius, in the absence of evidence direct or presumptive to the contrary, I have felt myself able to follow. The other three writers I have trusted only when I have found them partially confirmed by evidence which is better to be relied upon.

The picture which I have drawn will thus be found deficient in many details which have passed into general acceptance, and I have been unable to claim for it a higher title than that of an outline drawing.

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The Young Cæsar.-Connection with Marius.-Intimacy with
the Ciceros.-Marriage of Cæsar with the Daughter of
Cinna.-Sertorius.-Death of Cinna.-Consulships of Nor-
banus and Scipio.-Sylla's Return.-First Appearance of
Pompey.-Civil War.-Victory of Sylla.-The Dictatorship

and the Proscription.-Destruction of the Popular Party
and Murder of the Popular Leaders.-General Character
of Aristocratic Revolutions.-The Constitution remodelled.
-Concentration of Power in the Senate.-Sylla's General

Policy. The Army.-Flight of Sertorius to Spain.-Pom-

pey and Sylla.-Čæsar refuses to divorce his Wife at

Sylla's Order.-Danger of Cæsar.-His Pardon.-Growing

Consequence of Cicero.-Defence of Roscius.-Sylla's Ab-

dication and Death.

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History of Catiline.-A Candidate for the Consulship.--Cati-
line and Cicero.-Cicero chosen Consul.-Attaches Himself

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The Consulship of Cæsar.-Character of his Intended Legisla-
tion.-The Land Act first proposed in the Senate.-Violent
Opposition.-Cæsar appeals to the Assembly.-Interference
of the Second Consul Bibulus.-The Land Act submitted to
the People.-Pompey and Crassus support it.-Bibulus in-
terposes, but without Success.-The Act carried-and other
Laws.-The Senate no longer being Consulted.-General
Purpose of the Leges Julia.-Cæsar appointed to Com-
mand in Gaul for Five Years.-His Object in accepting
that Province.-Condition of Gaul, and the Dangers to
be apprehended from it.-Alliance of Cæsar, Pompey,
and Crassus.-The Dynasts.-Indignation of the Aristoc

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