HOWARD EDWARDS. 2026 Mt. Vernon Street, Philadelphia. PROVERB: "LET THE WEAKEST GO TO THE WALL (12 S. v. 177).-The quotation from the Rev. George Miller's book was given at 11 S. x. 78. The period to which the author refers is not clear, but one may suppose that it was not earlier than 1540. THE MILLION BANK (12 S. v. 181).-The which is a MS. relating to Prisons. He holds • Gentleman's Magazine and London Magazine in one hand a MS. of some size. It is an both record the death on Dec. 13, 1765, of oval about 27 in. by 20 in., beautifully Nathl. Neale, Clerk of Guy's Hospital coloured-artist unknown. (which post he held in 1750), and Secretary to the Million Bank. His name appears as such in the Court and City Register for 1759 and 1764, p. 253, where appears a list of the twenty-four "Directors of the Million Bank (office, Nagg's Head Court, Gracechurch Street)," in alphabetical order, including two M.Ps., Sir Richard Glyn, Bart., and Sir W. Beauchamp Proctor, Bart., and such other (then) well-known city merchants and bankers as Bibye Lake, Joseph Martin, and Lee Steere. It follows the Bank of England, East India, South Sea, "The title of a play printed 1600 and 1618. But and Hudson's Bay Companies, and im- in Scogin's Jests, first published in 1540, the phrase mediately precedes the Insurance Com-is, Even the weakest is thrust to the wall...... Tuvill, in his Essays Morall and Theologicall, 1609. p. 187, speaks of this as That common Proverbe of 66 66 panies. In 1793 it is given under the The following extract is taken from ARCHIBALD SPARKE. W. Carew Hazlitt in his English Proverbs,' editions 1882 and 1907, writes s.v., The weakest goeth to the wall,” our owne. Sampson. I will take the wall of any man or maide of the Mountagues. "Gregorie. That shewes thee a weake slaue, for the weakest goes to the wall.-Romeo and Juliet, edit. 1599, sign. A 3." DICKENS'S TOPOGRAPHICAL SLIPS (12 S. v. 37, 136, 164, 187).-I have no wish to be hypercritical, but the evidence of structural changes at Child's ("Tellson's ") Bank is very definite, and the late Mr. Hilton Price must be the preferred authority on all relating to the bank and the changes in its appearance. The allusion in the novel to the cheques is haphazard because it suggests they were I would suggest a search at the Public then in common use. The whole graphic Record Office, Chancery Lane. GEORGE SHERWOOD. 'MR. HOWARD,' PORTRAIT OF (12 S. iv. 18).—I do not know whether this can be a portrait of John Howard the philanthropist. I have a stipple (17 in. by 13 in.) representing the philanthropist, sitting in a chair, holding a scroll in one hand, marked 66 Plan of Laenrettos." It was engraved by Edmund Scott from a portrait by Mather Brom. He is dressed in the prevailing style. I have also a pastel (full length) not named, but showing what is supposed to be Howard, sitting in a chair, by a table, on reference to the bank is strictly in accord I derive some satisfaction in having re- Col. Newport-Tinley, a late valued member of this Society. So far as we know these have not been printed. A. E. ROWAN, Secretary. Society of Genealogists of London, 5 Bloomsbury Square, W.C.1. The late Col. Newport-Tinley transcribed for the Society of Genealogists the English Inscriptions at Boulogne (Cimitière de l'Est), and also those at Caen (see the Society's Annual Report, 1913, p. 17). They are embodied in our Consolidated Index, to which Col. Newport - Tinley contributed well over 100,000 index-slips. The Society will be glad to send a copy of this Report or any other (1911-18), to J. W. F. or others interested in such matters. Supplement to the Letters of Horace Walpole Chronologically Arranged and Edited, with Notes and Indexes, by Paget Toynbee, D.Litt. 2 vols. (Oxford University Press, 17s. net.) As a letter-writer Horace Walpole is in the first rank, and, like Edward FitzGerald, he spent the best part of his energies on his correspondents. If he was particular about the fortunes of his letters, his wishes could not have been more amply observed than by Mrs. Paget Toynbee, whose masterly edition of the Letters of Horace Walpole' now receives a Supplement' in two volumes which is a marvel of accuracy and precise research. The larger portion of the second volume is occupied with additions and corrections to the long row of Mrs. Toynbee's volumes, followed by a list of missing letters, and 'Supplementary Addenda.' We congratulate Dr. Paget Tonybee on the successful completion of what must have been a labour of love. The new volumes were delayed by the War, and we welcome them as one of the signs of returning civilization. Horace Walpole, though a petit maître, is a master in his way, and deserves the care bestowed upon him. There is not much editing work of this final quality about, but all lovers of letters must wish for more of it in a period largely devoted to second-rate writing and slack printing. A main source of Dr. Toynbee's new material has been the Waller Collection, which is likely, we learn, to supply us with two further volumes of matter Walpole had gathered "for illustration." Bored by politics, unattracted by relatives, he lived for his own treasures and the company of his choice, both within easy reach. Like Horace, when he avoided the boro, he was always "Nescio quid meditans nugarum et totus in illis." In the correspondence before us there is much of interest. The letters to Madame du Deffand are now complete, and represent one of the writer's firmest allies. The lady, even when old and blind, was SO active and relentless a seeker after intellectual and social pleasures as to be somewhat of a trial to Walpole in Paris. At home he had to protest against her lachrymose fears of losing his friendship; but usually his letters are gay enough, full of scandal, epigram and criticism. He is bored with Montaigne, but able to recommend the wit of George Selwyn; he discusses the merits of The Castle of Otranto' and affirms the opinion he expressed in the preface to the second edition of the French translation that Shakespeare a beaucoup plus d'esprit que Voltaire." Voltaire was vexed, of course. The notes below the page give us some of Madame du Deffand's replies. 66 common sense They both agreed in regarding common 66 as a guide of life. But what has sense to do with the collection of scandal, antiquities, and the writing of elaborately polished correspondence? Three letters to a forgotten dramatist, Robert Jephson, contain some interesting views on tragedy. Walpole's own verse is negligible, but he did much to bring Gray relative with every care that consideration and forward. That Walpole could treat a difficult good sense could suggest is shown by his letters to his brother concerning their nad nephew. He writes: "I have ever wished to serve and save my nephew. I have wished to save and restore the family." All this unhappy business showed him as very far from an elegant trifler. His compliments to all kinds of correspondents strike one We prefer his nowadays as boringly elaborate. His interests in epistles to familiar friends. pictures and antiquities are incessant, and varied by news of the Court. To ladies he is always courtly. His single letter to Miss Burney begins: Humility modest and beautiful as yours, madam, could alone make you express yourself to me in terms that make me ashamed; and I should be twenty times more ashamed both of my heart and taste, were I capable of forgetting So much virtue, sense, and genius as Miss Burney's." A leisurely world, indeed, when there was time to begin a letter with so much padding! A few choice illustrations complete the two volumes. The prettiest is a miniature of Walpole as a little boy, dressed in great style and even at that age looking a little complacent. 66 WARWICKSHIRE RECORDS. IT has been suggested that a society (to be called the Dugdale Society) should be formed for the publication of manuscript material throwing light on the history, topography, and antiquities of the county of Warwick. Though there is a vast mass of unprinted matter of the highest importance in various public and private collections, Warwickshire is far behind other counties in making its ancient records accessible to the general reader. It is requested that anyone interested in this matter, who would assist in the formation of such a Society, should communicate with one of the undersigned :M. DORMER HARRIS, 16 Gaveston Road, Leamington: FREDK. C. WELLSTOOD, Shakespeare's Birthplace, Stratford-upon-Avon. BOOKSELLERS' CATALOGUES. WE have just received from Messrs. Maggs Bros. another of their fine Catalogues, namely, No. 380, entitled Manuscripts and Early Printed Books. This profusely illustrated Catalogue contains 36 full-page reproductions of items therein. It is divided into four parts: Part I. Manuscripts; Part II. Incunables; Part III. Illustrated Books of the Sixteenth Century; Part IV. Aldine Press, and other Rare Books of the Sixteenth Century. Brown's Works, 1730, 27. 2s; Churchill's Poems, first collected edition, 1763-65. in a beautiful Contemporary English binding, 147.; Milton's Paradise Regained, 1671, very fine copy of the first edition, 217.; Prelleur's Modern Music Master, the very rarefirst edition of 1730, 87. 88.; Complete set of Catlin's Indian Portfolio, 1844, 187. 10s.; a number of fine old morocco bindings, and many scarce and out of the way items relating to Freemasonry, Ireland, Law, Medicine, Shakespeariana, &c., &c. Many of the works in this catalogue come from the old family library of the Cotton family at Combermere, and have either their arms on the sides, or fine armorial bookplate inside the covers. Obituary. RICHARD WELFORD. was One of the most interesting manuscripts is doubtless a French Bible, in 3 vols., written on parchment, THE death of Mr. Richard Welford, M.A., at and richly illuminated, which comes from the Gosforth, near Newcastle-upon-Tyne, on June 20 library of Diana de Poitier. Diana de Poitier was last, at the age of 83 years, removes from amongst the contemporary and perhaps the rival of Grolier us an old and valued contributor to 'N. & Q. as a book collector. It was the suggestion of Diana His first contribution sent in January, de Poitier that one copy of every book to which the 1891, his last in 1915. During the intervening royal privilege was extended should be printed on years he sent about two hundred and fourteen Mr. Welvellum and handsomely bound, and deposited in the separate contributions to 'N. & Q.' Royal library. This edict was issued by Henry II. ford was a native of Upper Holloway, but was in 1556, but Diana was assuredly at the bottom brought up in the village of Haddenham, in of it. Several reproductions from this manuscript Buckinghamshire. He went to Newcastle in 1854, are given, showing us how interesting the a little while before he reached the age of 18 years, French art of the middle of the fifteenth cenand resided there for the rest of his life. After a tury was. It is a curious fact that both the arms very strenuous ten years' apprenticeship to jourof Aymar de Poitier, the grandfather of Diana nalism and literary work generally, which started de Poitier, and Diana de Poitier's arms are on the lowest rung of the ladder, he adopted a to be found on most of the miniatures, including commercial career. In this he was highly successthe motto "Et puis hola." An English Manuscript ful; but it is by his labours as an historian, an Chronicle, writteu by an English scribe, upon a antiquary, a biographer, and a bibliographer that roll of vellum. measuring 20 ft. 5 in. long by 12 in. he is best known. His chief works are A History wide, with illuminated border and ornamental of the Parish of Gosforth,' 1879; A Descriptive genealogical tree, is a valuable early historical and Historical Account of the Monuments in the manuscript. It was presumably completed before Church of St. Nicholas, Newcastle-upon-Tyne,' 1465, the year in which King Edward IV. was 1880; History of Newcastle and Gateshead in the married to Elizabeth Woodvill. Another Chronicle Fourteenth, Fifteenth, Sixteenth, and Seventeenth of England, written in French by an English| Centuries,' 1884-7; Men of Mark 'Twixt Tyne scribe of the fourteenth century, appears at item and Tweed.' 1895: Early Newcastle Typography." 1682, and is a French version of Le Brut, similar to &c. An obituary notice of Mr. Welford was read that in the British Museum. Item 1691 of the at the July meeting of the Newcastle Society of Catalogue is a Twelfth-Century Medical Manu-Antiquaries by Mr. John Oxberry, who said that script, also written by an English scribe, in Latin, when Mr. Welford passed away the North of Engin the first half of the twelfth century in land saw the end of an eminently useful career, and England, on vellum. This must be of high im- the friends who knew him bade farewell to a charming personality. portance to a student in medicine. Many important manuscripts with miniatures complete Part I. of the Catalogue. Time and space prevent our dealing at present with the other three Parts, but we propose to comment upon them in our next issue. MESSRS. MYERS & Co., 59 High Holborn, have issued a Clearance Catalogue of Scarce and Interesting Books, Autograph Letters, &c., containing a number of items relating to America; the Edition de Luxe of the Lea and Dove Edition of Walton's Angler in morocco extra, 61. 6s.; Sir H. Wotton's Elements of Architecture, 1624, 41. 15s.; Sanderus's Chorographia Sacra Brabantiæ, 1659-95, 47. 4s.; Book of Common Prayer, with arms of Charles I. on sides, 47. 10s. ; Dickens's Oliver Twist, first octavo edition, original cloth, 57. 10s.; Kompher's Japan, 1727, 57. 108.; Pettus on Metals, 1683, 41. 48.; Tom · LONDON, SEPTEMBER, 1919 Prof. it some thirty years ago. Prof. F. E. Schelling remarks that, though consensus of opinion assigns it to Tourneur, neither in CONTENTS. — No. 96. style nor in characterization does 'The NOTES:-Cyril Tourneur: The Revenger's Tragedy; Revenger's resemble Tragedy' 'The The Second Maiden's Tragedy.' 225-Pyrgo Park and Old Atheist's Tragedy,' "above which the former Bow Bridge, 229-Swift and Mrs. Oldfield, 230-Dürer : Wilibald Pirkheimer-Gunnersbury: Ruislip, 231-The rises as far æsthetically for the living realism Puritan and his Cat-"Man proposes, God disposes "of its effects, its mastery of horror, and its Sir Richard Phillips-Mrs. Susan Cromwell, 232-Mrs. Grundy in Roger de Gloucester • Domesday passages of poetic power as it falls below the "Topping" Top-hole Sundial Motto in Savoy- well-defined moral intent of the earlier play Francis Place, Political Economist, 333-Official Peace('Elizabethan Drama,' vol. i. p. 568). Rejoicings, 334. QUERIES:-Emerson's English Traits -Wordsworth: Thorndike (Webster and Tourneur,' AmeriThe Excursion, 234-Richard Challoner-Dennis the can Book Company, 1912, p. 337) observes Hangman-Oldfield-" When you die of old age," 235 that Tourneur's authorship of the anonymous David M. Main - Lucien Bonaparte-Feast of the Assumption-Mary Clarke of New York-Marylebone play is accepted rather than certain.' Burial Grounds-Wooden Pegs: Screws-R. Griffith Another recent critic, Mr. E. H. C. Oliphant, -G. Dyer-"Valhalla Buffaloes"-J. Wilson emphatically rejects its attribution Dr. Stocks-Cornwall: Unwritten Book-Caractacus Tourneur :Simplon Tunnel-Richenda-Louisa spelt Leweezer-Old Watch and Clock-makers-Welsh Pupils of Wilson, R.A., 237-Standard-" Old Lady of Threadneedle Street "Capt. B. Grant-Twining-Haynes Marriage-Shield of Flanders-Moat Island-Edward the Confessor's Crown "Episcopus Recreensis "Elephant: Oliphant-Col. Barnard-Birth and Barth Place-names-St. John Baptist Heads-Poems Wanted, 238-Authors of Quota Maule-Martin-Newton. R.A.-Crusaders' Names, 236 tions Wanted, 239. REPLIES:-Yeoman of the Mouth, 239-Byron's 'Don Records, 244-Trilby '-R. S. Surtees-Jenner Family- Booksellers' Catalogues. Notices to Correspondents. 66 to "I cannot," he says, as being by the one author. To accept Tourneur as the writer of The Revenger's Tragedy' we have to suppose that he alone of the Elizabethan dramatists did not develop but absolutely revolutionized his manner of writing...I know of no one among the named writers of the time to whom I would attribute it, unless it be to Middleton, to whose verse alone the swing of the verse of The Revenger's Tragedy' makes some approximation... "conceive of the two plays prefer, however, to consider The Revenger's Tragedy' as the greatest work of its period of that prolific writer' Anon.,'and look upon the establishment of the identity of the author as one of the chief problems to be tackled by students of Elizabethan drama."-Problems of Authorship in Elizabethan Dramatic Literature,' Modern Philology, 1911, vol. viii. pp. 427-8. 6 The doubts concerning Tourneur's claim to The Revenger's Tragedy' are chiefly due to the unlikeness of its metrical system to that of The Atheist's Tragedy,' and as they have found their way into most of the recent discussions of Tourneur's work, I determined to make an effort to set them at rest. In this I venture to think that I have been successful, having discovered sufficient internal evidence to justify the traditional ascription of The Revenger's Tragedy to the author of 'The Atheist's Tragedy.' I have also convinced myself, and hope to convince the reader, that Tourneur was the author of another anonymous tragedy of this period which closely resembles The Revenger's Tragedy' both in plot and technique. This tragedy is that usually known as The Second Maiden's Tragedy,' a title given to it by Sir George Buc because the MS. submitted to him for licensing had no name inscribed." "This Second Maiden's Tragedy (for it hath no name inscribed)," runs the licence, may, with the reformations, bee acted publicly. 31 October, 1611, G. Buc.' It is printed in Hazlitt's 'Dodsley' (vol. x.), 66 66 with a prefatory note from which we learn that the name of "William Goughe" is written on the back of the manuscript, subsequently altered to "G. Chapman," and this again to "Will. Shakespeare." Nothing is known of any William Goughe, and it is inconceivable that either Chapman or Shakespeare can have had a hand in the play. As the chief figure of the tragedy is called simply "The Tyrant," it has been suggested that it may be identifiable with a play of that name entered in the Stationers' Register by Moseley in 1660 as Massinger's. Whether this be so or not, "The Second Maiden's Tragedy' has nothing in common with any known work of Massinger's, nor is there any evidence that Massinger was writing for the stage so early as 1611. Fleay believed that it was written by the author, not of The Atheist's Tragedy,' but of The Revenger's Tragedy.' There is no doubt whatever in my mind that all three plays are the work of one hand, and that the hand of Cyril Tourneur. On comparing the texts of The Atheist's Tragedy and The Revenger's Tragedy one of the first points I noted was that colloquial contractions of the smaller parts of speech—and especially 't for “it were unusually common in both plays. On examining The Second Maiden's Tragedy' I found these contractions even more Used in association with the do,' for,' numerous. common words 66 in," 66 66 on,' upon, is,' was," and to,' the contraction of "it to 't (" do't," for't," in't," &c.) will be found about 20 times in The Atheist's Tragedy,' nearly 50 times in "The Revenger's Tragedy,' and over 70 times in The Second Maiden's Tragedy.' The plays do not differ greatly in length, and the lack of uniformity in the figures is doubtless to be accounted for by differences Though rime is much more abundant in The Revenger's Tragedy' than in 'The Atheist's Tragedy,' both contain a large number of rimed couplets. These are of the sententious, moralizing type found also in Webster, and, later, in Ford. But the author of The Atheist's Tragedy' and 'The Revenger's Tragedy' is much more addicted to antithesis__ than either of these two dramatists. Fully one-third of the couplets in each play are antithetical. Here are some of those in The Atheist's Tragedy' :Let all men lose, so I increase my gain, I have no feeling of another's pain. Act I. sc. i., Mermaid Edn., p. 249. And fear not that your profit shall be small; Your interest shall exceed your principal. of date. Besides the above we find confer't," 'done't," mak't," 'sha't," then't," under't in The Atheist's Tragedy'; and't," else't," gi'en't," Hazlitt, Dodsley,' x. 394. keep't," "take't,' were't " in And yet confess too that you found me kind The Revenger's Tragedy'; and "bestow't," To hear your words, though I withstood your ""know't,' 'by't," "have't," me't,' par- mind. P. 410. don't," recover't," restore't," turn't" 66 unto't," with't" in 'The Second Maiden's Tragedy.' This is not conclusive evidence of Tourneur's authorship, for there I have (perhaps unwisely) assumed that the modern reprints of the plays in the Mermaid edition of Webster and Tourneur and Hazlitt's Dodsley' (here used) accurately reproduce the early copies so far as this contraction is concerned. |