HEREDITY: LONG HAIR (12 S. v. 177).- most probably the above extract from My grandmother often spoke of my great- Canne's is hers also, as her husband visited great-grandmother (Hutton of Lanarkshire), Holland, and preached at Rotterdam in who at the age of 96 had snow-white hair, 1735. reaching the ground when seated on an My kind correspondent at Broughton ordinary chair. Two of my aunts in the asks the usual question : "Who was same line had long heads of hair at the age Mrs. Dutton ? The unique library at of 79. My sister's hair reached her ankles, Broughton was collected by John Collins and my own hair laid a good inch on the of Devizes, a former deacon at Broughton, ground when standing, enormously thick, so and bequeathed to the church there at his much so that friends used to spin me round death. Diligent search has been made, but and bet whether I was facing them or other-no work of Mrs. Dutton's can be found wise. My height was 5 ft. 4 in. My hair now is over 3 ft. long, nearly white; my age 77. Headache has been unknown to me. I was born in India, and lived some time in Queensland, thermometer often 117° in shade. E. C. WIENHOLT.

7 Shooter's Hill Road, Blackheath, S.E.3.

among its treasures, and how or when the
Bible came into the possession of the
afflicted but gifted hymn-writer Anne Steele
yet remains to be known. Neither ladies
at any time travelled far from their homes, -
but might have known each other by corre-
spondence, and similarity of sentiment.
Mrs. Dutton's correspondence was very
extensive.
R. H.

MRS. ANNE DUTTON (12 S. ii. 147, 197, 215, 275, 338, 471; iii. 78, 136).—Hearing that the identical Bible used by her was still COWAP (12 S. v. 206).-As a Cumberland in existence and preserved in the Baptist or Westmorland name the suffix is probably Library, Broughton, Hants, I wrote making-hope, common in place-names, but of very inquiries, when I received a photograph of it, vague meaning. Thus, cow-hope. This hope with the following particulars. Size 6 in. becomes in compounds -ap, -ip, -ep, -op, -up. by 31⁄2 in. by 12 in., bound in leather, with With Cowap cf. Harrap (hare-hope). ERNEST WEEKLEY. two metal clasps, one of which is broken. University College, Nottingham. Title-page :

"The Holy Bible, containing the Old and New Testament. Newly translated out of the original tongues and with the former translations diligently compared and revised. | With Marginal notes | shewing | The Scripture to (be) the best Interpreter of Scripture London. | Printed by Charles Bill, and the Executrix of Thomas Newcomb deceas'd. | Printers to the King and Most Excellent Majesty Anno Dom. 1698."

After the names and order of the Books there is an address, "To the Reader, on the Scripture being the best Interpreter of Scripture," signed John Canne." On one of the fly-leaves (in very minute writing) is a copy of an address:

"To the right honourable Lords and Commons assembled in the high Court of PARLIAMENT, Great Reformers, &c., also signed' John Canne.' || 'Extracted from ye Amsterdam Edition of Canne's Bible. 12mo, 1647.'"

Inscriptions | Ann Dutton or One who hath
tasted that the 6
Lord is gracious. | Great
Gransden | Huntingdonshire."
Inserted in another hand :-

In Harrison's Surnames of the United Kingdom' (Eaton Press, 1912), the deriva-tion of the above name is given as "Dweller at the cow-hope," the cow-hope being a shelter in some hollow valley, or hill-recess. ARCHIBALD SPARKE.

ST. ALKELDA (12 S. v. 152, 190).MR. SELF WEEKS and MR. ARMSTRONG would derive kelda from Anglo-Saxon, be found in but no such word is to Bosworth and Toller's Dictionary, either under C or K. Cleasby and Vigfusson's 'Icelandic Dictionary,' however, gives kelda

well or spring; and keld is noted in the E.D.D.' as a North-Country word for well. Kelda enters into the composition of placenames in Denmark (Roeskilde) and Iceland (Keldin). Björkman (f. 141) gives it as an old West Scandinavian word. Consult 'Handbook of Lancashire Place-Names,' by J. Sephton, 1913, and Place-Names in Lancashire,' by Wyld and Hirst, 1911; as

"Died 1765, November 17 | Anne Steele, Junr. also Norske Gaardnavne,' O. Rygh, 1898 | Broughton, Hampshire.'

Also in another hand :

66

(the Introduction), and 'Northmen in Cumberland,' Ferguson, 1856, f. 119. The "Theodosia died 1778, Nov. 11th, aged 61 yrs." Norse for holy "would be heilagr, which, The first inscription, is in Mrs. Dutton's according to Munch, gives Heiligstadir, now Own unmistakable minute hand, with Heilstad, pronounced Hélstad. See K. "Lord" as always by her in capitals, and Rygh, Helgeland's Stednavne,' f. 65, in

:

66

Norsk. Hist. Tidskrt.,' 1, and also J. inventor of Argyles," can any of your Nordlander, Norrlandska Ortnam,' 1881, readers throw light on the origin and exact f. 25. I would submit that Norse, and not meaning of "Tea Kitchens,' found so deAnglo-Saxon, accounts for Alkelda. Inscribed in Old Silver Assay Office books and Northern Folk-Lore on Wells and Water,' lists of plate about 150 years since. In all by Alex. Fraser, Inverness, 1878, reference probability they were what are to-day known is made to a spring in Burgie-Forres: as Tea Kettles. Matthew Boulton, writing Tubernacrumkel, no doubt a composite word, to his wife from London in 1767, says: I which the author says should be Gaelic am to wait upon their majesties again as tobar nan crum ghiall ! soon as our tripod Tea Kitchen arrives." FREDK. BRADBURY. Sheffield.

Swansea.

ALEX. G. MOFFAT.

'THE VILLAGE BLACKSMITH (12 S. v. 211).—The original blacksmith's shop is generally supposed to have been situated in the village of Edgware, Middlesex, and to have been visited by Handel, while staying at Canon's Park with the Duke of Chandos. But a monument was put up at a comparatively recent date in the church at Little Stanmore or Whitchurch, which is scarcely a mile from Edgware, to the memory of "William Powell, the Harmonious Black smith," which would seem to indicate that he at least lived at Whitchurch for some period of his life though his shop may not have been there. F. DE H. L.

The Poetical Works of Longfellow,' published by Cassell & Co. about 1886, has on p. 58 the words of this well-known poem, with a wood-engraving of the smithy. Referring to this in the Notes on Illustrations is the following:

.66

W. S. P.

66 ARGYLES" OR GRAVY-POTS: "TEA KITCHENS " (12 S. v. 154, 219).-John, 5th Duke of Argyle, was born in 1823, so if Argyles were his invention the period of their introduction was probably early George III. It would be of interest to hear further from LADY CONSTANCE RUSSELL on this subject. Can she tell us how it came about that her great-great-grandfather invented Argyles," whilst apparently her great grandfather was the first to use them. Are the articles she mentions silver or Old Sheffield plate? and will she be good enough to let us know the date of their manufacture, or any other interesting particulars in connection with them? Having discovered the

66

REV. THOMAS HUGO (12 S. v. 207).This celebrated cleric, scholar and antiquary was the son of Dr. Charles Hugo and was born at Taunton in 1820; he died at his rectory of West Hackney, in the northeast of London in 1876. He was educated at Worcester College, Oxford, where he graduated B.A. in 1842, and M.A. in 1850. Having been ordained by Dr. Sumner, afterwards Archbishop of Canterbury, he served several curacies in the North of England; for a very short time he was vicar of Halliwell, near Bolton-le-Moors. In 1851 he came to London, as senior curate of St. Botolph's, Bishopsgate, a church which is still connected with the Honourable Artillery Company of which ancient military body he subsequently became chaplain. In 1858 he was appointed to the living of All Saints, Bishopsgate Street, which he exchanged for the rectory of West Hackney in 1868,

a

and here he remained for the rest of his life. He was a member of a large number of learned societies, amongst others: The Royal Society of Literature, The Society of Antiquaries, The London and Middlesex Archæological Society and the Genealogical Society of Great Britain. He was voluminous author, and wrote on a number of subjects: theological, archæological, literary, Church government, &c., also many hymns, forming a supplement to 'Hymns Ancient and Modern,' as well as numerous articles in the Transactions of learned societies, and in various magazines, &c.

"Our author published in 1866 A critical and descriptive catalogue of the works of the Brothers Thomas and John Bewick' (the celebrated wood engravers of Newcastle-upon-Tyne), of which Mr. Hugo possessed the finest collection ever formed, including many of the original wood blocks. This was followed in 1868 by The Bewick Collector,' a supplement to the foregoing, and two years later appeared a volume of Bewick's Woodcuts,' with an introduction, a descriptive catalogue of the blocks, and a list of books and pamphlets illustrated."

This last paragraph I take from an Introduction to a most interesting book, entitled

PORTRAITS ON GRAVESTONES (12 S. ii. 210,

Robertson, the Dublin miniaturist,_was -named Walter, and is known as "Irish 277, 377, 459; iii. 14).-The Rev. T. D. Robertson," apparently to distinguish him Whitaker, LL.D., in his History of Richfrom the three brothers Robertson, who mondshire,' ii. (1823), 452-3, writes :belonged to Aberdeenshire. He went to America in 1783, and subsequently to India, where he died. Bryan gives a very skimpy paragraph on him in his encyclopaedic work on Engravers.' It would be interesting to know if anything more has recently come to light. J. M. BULLOCH.

37 Bedford Square, W.C.

DICKENS'S TOPOGRAPHICAL SLIPS (12 S. v. 37, 136, 164, 187, 222).—No doubt a great part of Dickens's success is due to the fact that he is so human, therefore, like all mankind, he is liable to error. But, after all, what do these little "slips "matter to us? There is apparently a trivial one in Scotland Yard,' one of the Sketches by Boz,' according to 'Old and New London' (vol. ii.) the first stone of London Bridge was laid by the Right Hon. John Garratt, Lord Mayor, and not by a Duke-the King's brother.

66

6

J. ARDAGH.

METAL MORTARS (12 S. v. 209).-If J. W. SWITHINBANK refers to the following articles on Domestic and other Mortars,' the information required will be obtained: Antiquary, August, September, November, and December, 1897; The Chemist and Druggist, January and July, 1903, January, 1904, and July, 1907; The Connoisseur, August, 1906; The Spatula, April, 1914.

W. J. M.

the head is inscribed

In the churchyard [of Garstang, Lancashire] near the east end of the church, is a stone, in length six feet seven inches, breadth two feet one inch. On it is a nude cumbent figure in mezzo relievo, with the hands joined on the breast. At LEONARD FOSTER, BURIED NOVEMBER, AN. 1631. The man, as it appears by the parish register, died of the plague, and his tomb deserves to be I am aquainted with; of an attempt to sculpture mentioned, as containing the last specimen, which the human form on a gravestone.' Is any later specimen known?

"PRO PELLE CUTEM

J. W. F.

(12 S. v. 93, 132, 164, 217).—I surmise that as cutis regularly means human skin and pellis non-human hide, the motto “ pro pelle cutem means: (We risk) human life to get seal-skin,' "We pay for the seal's hide with suffering (danger, &c.) to our own skin."

or:

COL. COLQUHOUN GRANT (12 S. iv. 326; -There were three contemporary, officers of this name: (1) Colquhoun Grant, INSCRIPTIONS IN ST. JOHN THE EVANGE-M.D., Surgeon to the 74th Foot in 1832, from LIST'S, WATERLOO ROAD: R. W. ELLISTON'Ss PLACE OF EDUCATION (12 S. v. 63, 135, 193, 216). Charles Lamb, in Essays of Elia,' Second Series; Ellistoniana (published 1831) gives a clear indication when he apostrophises his late friend:

Ensign, 11th Foot, Sept. 9, 1795; Lieut.. April 5, 1796: Capt., Nov. 19, 1801; Brev.-Maj., May 30, 1811; Brev. Lt. Col., May 19, 1814, and Maj., 11th Foot, Oct. 13 following; he is now on the half-pay of the 11th foot. He served as an Assist.-Quar.Mast.-Gen. in Spain and Portugal: he also served in Flanders and was present at the battle of Waterloo."

I can carry his career a little further (from the Army Lists) by adding that he was on half-pay of major 11th Foot, 1816 to 1821, and junior lieutenant-colonel 54th Foot, Nov. 25, 1821, till he re ired Dec. 24 or 25, 1829. He was made a C.B. 1822, and was living twenty years later (Dod's Peerage,' 1842). W. R. WILLIAMS.

RAMSEY'S History of the Worshipful Company of Glass-sellers of London' appeared in 1898, but contributed little, if anything, of value to our knowledge of the history of glass in England prior to the Restoration. The volume before us deals with a wider theme; for the art of the glazier originally included glass-painting and staining and the records of this art go far back into the Middle Ages. The subject naturally divides itself into two parts-the art of window glass-making and that of the painter-glazier. In their inception both arts were under the patronage of the Church, and may be regarded as monastic industries.

Bongar, for instance, is introduced as an unfamiliar personage, although Hartshorne has dealt with him at some length and with scant courtesy. Bongar, the sworn opponent of Mansel the first to introduce window glass-making into and Monopoly, asserted that his ancestors were this country. This much-commented-on stateBongar came over with the French immigrants ment has generally been interpreted to mean that early in the reign of Elizabeth, and helped to out the country. spread the art of making "muff" glass throughChiddingfold, however, suggested to the present The late Mr. Cooper of reviewer that Bongar's statement may have referred to an earlier immigration, as there was a parcel of land in Chiddingfold still known as Bungler's Field." The whole history of the Mansel Monopoly is set out with such detail in Hartshorne's work that it was hardly necessary to go over the same ground again. Buckley's learned monographs on the taxation, &c., of English glass do not appear to have been consulted, and we have no disquisition on the introduction, rise and fall of the English Crown glass industry.

66

Notwithstanding these defects of omission we are sincerely grateful to the author for the publication of this work. It contains material of value and data that are now revealed for the first time. We did not, for instance, know of the existence of a glass furnace at Newgate in 1580, and there is much in this volume that will help the student of glazing to bridge the gaps in the history of the craft. The volume is handsomely produced and will be sought after by collectors, and we look forward to its publication at no distant date in a second and extended edition.

The early history of glass-making and the ethnology of the craft are obscure, and as Jeames de la Pluche would have said, wropped in mystery," for the local industry nowhere appears as indigenous. The Sussex industry is thought to have been of French extraction; the Normandy glass-makers were not Normans; the Lorraine glass-makers are said to have been of Bohemian origin. Of what race were these aliens ? Their Occupation was an hereditary one and rigidly preserved by close intermarriage. On the Continent special privileges were claimed and conceded by charter. Certain features in the history of the craft suggest a Jewish origin, but this is a Milton: Areopagitica. With a Commentary by Sir digression which cannot here be pursued, for the Richard C. Jebb; and with supplementary work before us deals only perfunctorily with the material. (Cambridge University Press, 3s. net.) history of English glass-making. The object of MILTON'S famous plea for the liberty of the Press its authors is to trace the rise and fortunes of the failed to achieve its object; but it remains the London Company; the earliest mention of which finest of his prose works, and includes the most is found in Guildhall Records of the year 1328. celebrated of tributes to England as "a noble and This list is of considerable interest, as are the puissant nation." subsequent regulations adopted for the govern-in his brief foreword, printed privately the notes Jebb, as Mr. Waller explains ment of the Guild, but the later history of the here given for a course of lectures as long ago as Company fails to incorporate the results of 1872. It was an excellent idea to publish them recent investigation in the well-known treatise with additions by Mr. A. W. Verity, who is well of Hartshorne, and the numerous articles in The known as one of the soundest editors of English Antiquary and N. & Q. For instance, the classics, and particularly of Milton's poems. The relations of the foreign colony of glaziers to the volume thus ranks with the Pitt Press Series of London Company in the reign of Henry VIII. Schoolbooks, and is admirably equipped for the use are of supreme importance, for they show that of students. Jebbs' mastery of the subject and at the period when glass-painting had reached his clear and graceful English make his notes exits height, the Crown patronage was almost cellent. He did not deal in detail with points of exclusively bestowed on the Flemish glaziers of English and allusions which were well worth bringSouthwark. The glazing at Fairford appears to ing out, and Mr. Verity's work here fills out the have set the fashion which was subsequently scheme. followed at Westminster and Cambridge. The Flemish colony prospered at the expense of the London glaziers. The latter appealed to the Court of Star Chamber, but apparently with indifferent success for Flemish design continued to dominate English glass-painting right through the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. This critical period in the history of English glazing is represented in the work before us by a solitary petition of the English glaziers in 1541-42. chap. iv. the same want of familiarity with the In published history of the art is shown. Isaac

The only objection is that the two sets of notes to refer to two places to find whether there is any are not printed together, so that the student has assistance for him. So much, however, is done nowadays for the learner that this little addition to his trouble should not matter. ticularly glad to see that the notes deal with We are parderivations and give parallels for odd words or usages. This is the best way to fix them on the and "monopoly," in each case with references to mind. We find, for instance, good notes on "its' Shakespeare's England.'