BLUECOAT SCHOOLS (12 S. v. 126, 158, ́ ́218, 302).—A Bluecoat School for both boys and girls was founded at Colchester in 1708 by members of the Church of England, and is still carried on, though there is little competition for the uniform. Consult British Museum Book of English Since the formation of the National Drawings. George Shepherd worked circa Society in 1812 their school and the Bluecoat 1800-30. Thos. Hosmer Shepherd worked School have been under the same master, circa 1817-40; probably son of George. but they are a distinct foundation. A George Sidney Shepherd was son of George Greencoat School was founded here some- Shepherd (died 1858). what later by Dissenters-this is extinct. E. E. LEGGATT. DEVONIAN PRIESTS EXECUTED IN 1548-9 Full-length portraits of a Bluecoat boy and a girl in their quaint dress, painted by Mr. (12 S. v. 131, 183, 243).-There seems to be Frank Daniell hang in the Town Hall. Colchester. CANTRELL FAMILY (12 S. v. 291). The Rev. Thos. Cantrell, M.A., born 1649, was the son of John Cantrell of Repton, co. Derby, and matriculated at Brasenose College, Oxford, on May 28, 1666, aged 17; B.A., 1669-70; M.A. Sidney Sussex Coll., Camb., 1681; headmaster of Derby School, 1684-97; vicar of Elvaston from 1695; buried, Mar. 23, 1697-8. There is a monument to him in St. Peter's Church, Derby. William Cantrell, born in 1715, was the son of the Rev. Henry Cantrell, vicar of St. Alkmund's, Derby. Educated at Derby School, 1725-30, and at Repton School, 1730; matriculated at St. John's Coll., Camb.; B.A., 1738. Rector of St. Michael's, Stamford, Lincs.; and subsequently vicar of Normanton, co. Rutland. There is a monument to him in St. Alkmund's Church, Derby. Died, Jan. 17, 1787. He had a brother Henry (born 1711), who died young. There is also a monument to him in St. Alkmund's. H. G. HARRISON. Aysgarth, Sevenoaks. no evidence that George Stocker was Я priest or that he was executed. In the list at the end of the Concertatio Ecclesiæ George Stoker is mentioned as a gentleman living in exile. The list was probably drawn up about 1588. JOHN B. WAINEWRIGHT. GAVELACRE: PLACENAME (12 S. v. 295).— The word gavel has various meanings, according to its derivation : 1. Tribute, toll, custom. Cf. Fr. gabelle. 2. Hold, or tenure. So in the word gavel-kind. In Norfolk & gavel is a sheaf of corn not yet bound, i.e., what can be held in the reaper's grasp. Cf. Welsh gavael, a hold or grasp. 3. A fork. Cf. Ger. gabel. Hence gavel= gable, the forked roof. 4. In Northumberland a gavel is a strip of land. This is a mis-spelling of cavel, a strip of tillage land in the common field, a word used as far south as Lincolnshire. Gavel-dyke is an allotment of fence liable to be maintained by a farm not adjoining it. Allotments of gavel-dyke are mostly against commons, and seem originally to have been intended to relieve the farms next the commons from a part of the pressure and trespass occasioned by sheep. M. E. CORNFORD, Librarian. William Salt Library, Stafford. For the explanation of many composite words beginning and ending with gavel see Somner's Gavelkynd.' In this case gavel is simply the Saxon word signifying "rent : and was in general use and confined to no especial localities. Possibly the land referred C A.. to was at one time devoted to religious | surgeon in the Bombay Medical Service, purposes, and so analogous to that in the while he also acted as Vaccinator and then. following quotation from Lewis' History Inspector of Drugs in Scinde, and was of Faversham,' p. 86 :— Conservator of Forests during Dr. Gibson's absence on furlough. He arrived in England in the winter of 1853, bringing extensive collections of plants, and hedeposited in the Kew Museum complete sets. of the economic products of the countries. visited by him. He died suddenly at Cottingham on Aug. 30, 1854. A memoir of him will be found in The Gentleman's Magazine for October, 1854. "These altars had all of them lights burning on them. which with the other expenses relating to them were provided in the following manner, viz., to St. Margaret's Light was given one, or as some say, two acres of land, called St. Margaret's Yavel or Gafel, and to this day the Margaret Acre." The grammar is his, not mine. F. F. LAMBARDE. [MR. A. R. BAYLEY also thanked for reply.] દઃ no GAMP AS ADJECTIVE (12 S. iv. 102).— Dickens, it is true, gives his characters at times redende Namen, such as Mrs. Leo Hunter and Lord Frederick Verisopht, though less frequently than Thackeray, and with less subtlety (there are readers, I believe, who do not rise to the latter's Wenham and Percy Sibwright). But most people who know Dickens's books well would probably agree that Gamp has original significance, however appropriate to the person association may seem to have made it. When Mrs. Gamp hands her professional card to Mercy with the words: Gamp is my name, and Gamp my nater," the absurdity is apparent, and to analyse it might argue an imperviousness to humour. The comparison or antithesis between name and nature, though not illustrated by the 'N.E.D.,' is of long standing, and like most things it comes in Swift's 'Polite Conversation': Lord Sparkish. Pray, Madam, does your Ladyship know Mrs. Nice? Lady Smart. Perfectly well, my Lord; she's nice by Name, and nice by Nature. A remark of Mrs. Gamp's which should be compared with that given above is to be found in a later chapter of 'Martin Chuzzlewit' (xxix.) :— 66 Quarrel, leading to a Court-martial. between Lieut. Greer and Lieut. Perry, of the 46th Regt.,. stationed at Windsor Barracks. The verdict laid before the Commander-in-chief recommended that Lieut. Perry be dismissed the service, and Greer severely reprimanded: but this being thought contrary to evidence, Her Majesty was pleased not to confirm the sentence. A Horse Guards' Memoranwhich Lord Hardinge thought proper to take in dum of the 2nd of September explained the course bringing the questions relating to the discipline of the 46th to an issue." Borrow seems to have written declaiming. injustice to Parry (or Perry) before nonconfirmation of the court-martial sentence; and as 'Wild Wales' did not reach publica-tion for some years after it was written, it I would seem that no revision of his original! manuscript was attempted by the author. : W. B. H. GILBERT WHITE PORTRAIT OF (12 S. . v. 264). The portrait mentioned at the above reference represented a young, round Where's the patient goin'?" asked Sweedle-faced man, wearing a grey wig, with a clerical pipe. "Into Har'fordshire, which is his native air. But native airs nor native graces neither," Mrs. Gamp observed, "won't bring him round." EDWARD BENSLY. Oudle Cottage, Much Hadham, Herts. collar and bands. Attached to the frame was a tablet apparently of early nineteenthcentury date, bearing the name Gilbert White. Of course the mere lettering of the tablet would prove nothing, but some experts were of opinion that the features bore a very marked family likeness to an authentic portrait of Thomas White, the brother of the author of the 'Natural History,' then in the possession of a member of the family, and DR. STOCKS (12 S. v. 237).—According to Boase's Modern English Biography,' Dr. John Ellerton Stocks was the son of B. Stocks, manager of the Hull Branch of the Bank of England, and was born at Cotting-that both pictures were the work of the same ham, near Hull, in 1826. He was educated at University College, London, obtained the degree of M.D., and was elected a Fellow of the Linnaean Society in 1848. From 1844 until his death he was an assistant artist, Thomas Robinson, who towards the end of his life migrated to Ireland and became president of the Dublin Society of Artists. The authenticity of the portrait could not be definitely established because nothing was EXCHANGE OF SOULS IN FICTION (12 S. v. 124, 191, 246, 279, 306).-Sir A. Conan Doyle's short story, The Great Keinplatz Experiment,' to be found in the volume The Captain of the Polar Star, and Other Tales' (Longmans). R. GRIME. ELEPHANT: OLIPHANT (12 S. v. 238, 301). -I think you will find the facts to be that the origin of the name was William Olifard, who came over with William the Conqueror from France and then attached himself to the Scotch cause. Later another William Olifard, when fighting at the side of his king in an unequal combat with the Saracens, refreshed him when exhausted with a draught of water from his drinking horn made of an elephant's tusk. For that the king knighted him on the field of battle, Sir William Olifaunt, which is one of the old spellings of elephant. It will be remembered that the arms of the Lairds of Gask have two elephants for supporters. It was through the good offices of Sir Walter Scott that the fortunes of the Oliphants lost by the family alliance to the Jacobite cause were restored. W. ELWIN OLIPHANT. Wabern, Berne, Switzerland. AUTHORS OF QUotations WantED (12 S. v. 295).— 1. The lines quoted, but incorrectly so, are from A. C. Swinburne's poem 66 A Match," (Poems and Ballads, first series). The correct version is :If you were April's Lady, And I were lord in May, We'd throw with leaves for hours And draw for days with flowers, Till day like night were shady And night were bright like day; If you were April's lady, And I were lord in May. W. A. HUTCHISON. [Several other correspondents also thanked for replies.] The Oxford English Dictionary.-(Vol. IX. Si— Th.) Stratus-Stux By Henry Bradley. SweepSzmikite. By C. T. Onions. (Oxford, Clarendon Press, each 5s. net.) THE latest section of the Dictionary completes that immense letter S. T had been finished earlier, and so the work of Dr. Bradley and his coadjutors is nearing its end. U, V, and Z, will not, we imagine, be anything like so formidable to tackle as W, which remains the chief task. The letter S, as the interesting Preface added to Mr. Onion's section informs us, extends to 2408 pages, a fact which is sufficient alone to indicate the vast superiority of the Dictionary over any other in any language. The shelter of Academick bowers" the achievements begun by the late Sir James which Johnson missed, has been amply justified by Murray at Mill Hill. The war withdrew in succession several members of the Dictionary Staff, and the Editor himself in the second half of 1918; but advance through the alphabet has been steady and successful, and the latest parts are full of exhaustive analysis, copious quotations, and new knowDr. Bradley has dealt with several familiar words which have a wealth of meanings. Strike" and "Stunt bring his information quite up-to-date. The former word is an instance of the wonderful senses. The "strikes work of the Dictionary in analysing various the public have reason to remember are so-called from the development of a nautical phrase. Dr. Johnson in his Dictionary knew nothing of them. It is difficult to be sure display of quotations; but we think Matthew that we have missed no example in the imposing Arnold's "Strike leftward cries our guide" in his ledge. " 'Stanzas from the Grande Chartreuse' would be a suitable addition. "Strinel" is one of several words which will be quite new to the average reader. "Strip" is a familiar word which again illustrates the wonderful work of the Dictionary. The derivation of "Stroll" is uncertain, but it may be, we learn, among the High German words introduced in the seventeenth century by soldiers. Swift's "Struldbrug" is included, an arbitrary invention which has sufficiently impressed itself on the language to lead to "Struldbruggian and Struldbrugism The quotation for struma in 1784 is the title of a book. A notorious instance of that disease was Dr. Johnson, and on p. 4 of the life by Hawkins is a reference to "the struma, or, as it is called, the king's-evil." "Stud" includes two different nouns. "Studio" is first quoted in 1819, though we should have expected to find it in the eighteenth century. Stuff" is obscure in etymology, and is a good, honest English word " which has somewhat goue out of fashion. "Stumbling-block was introduced by Tindale in his version of the New Testament, but the phrase "stumble over a block" (of wood) is earlier. The cricket sense of "stump" is traced back to 1735, but the pulling up of stumps is a still earlier phrase. "Stunning,' a popular adjective for a time, -answering to the present tophole," did not last, we gather, beyond the eighties of last century. Stupefy" is rightly so spelt, following its Latin origin, but it was till recently spelt " 'stupify. "Stupid" has the same sense, meaning originally "deadened" or "dulled in the faculties." "Sturdy" is an old word, for it originally meant "giddy," and its derivation is still unsettled. All the suggestions offered seem decidedly fanciful in sense, but we cannot say that any of them is far; -fetched in view of "muscle"="little mouse," and other known peculiarities of derivation. The "stymie" of the golfer is also of obscure origin. It is curious that the Dictionary does not put it 'back beyond 1856. Looking again at the Preface attached to the section edited by Mr. Onions we find that the number of main words included under 'S' is 27,929, of which 5,487 are obsolete. The number of quotations is 298,006, truly a heroic record of diligence ! -66 · 66 The section begins in the middle of "Sweep," which with its derivations is an important word Sweep-stake" originally meant "Sweeping," or taking the whole of the stake, and was used in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries for "a clean sweep." Among the derivations of "sweet" is Shakespeare's pretty "sweeting" which did not catch on in later language as a term of endearment, though English is generally lacking in such expressions. The original William after whom the Sweet-william " was named no man knows. "Swelt" will be new to most people, being obsolete for many years, except in dialect. The cognate "Sweal." to scorch, is in Barnes's Glossary of the Dorset Dialect.' "Swelth," "swench," and "swepe" (whip) are other effective sounding words now lost to the language. "Swig" includes six words. "Swim" in the sense of giddiness has no poetical quotation in the nineteenth century. Farewell. life! my senses swim" occurs in Hood's 'Stansas,' April, 1815. "Swing" is a long and interesting word, and has a special sense derived from a fictitious Captain Swing, under whose name intimidating letters were sent to farmers and landowners in 1830-1. "Swingeing damages," when so spelt, reveals the origin of the verb as swinge," beat. thrash." The word "Swisser" reminds us that old-fashioned people within our memory used to talk of "Swisserland." The "switchback railway is a joy introduced apparently in 1888. Swot," the hard work of the schoolboy, is illustrated first from our own columns, which give its derivation at Sandhurst. Symposium" originally means a drinking party, and Plato's famous dialogue has led to its use for discussions of the driest character, in which there may be much "swotting." but there is little "swigging." Syringa" is used by ordinary people for a well-known shrub with white blossoms, but the botanist calls it "Philadelphus." It is curious that the term "mock-orange." which was quite a good one, should have been discarded in favour of a Greek form of word. The learned names of plants seem to indicate that they were ignored by the common people, and mainly recognised by men of science. 66 L'Intermédiaire des chercheurs et curieux. 10 Nov. 1919. OUR French contemporary, as the editor laments, is hampered by difficulties not unknown to us; nevertheless it appears three times a month and the number before us is full of interest. There is no equivalent to Notes, but an abundance of Queries and Replies, with a small section at the end headed Trouvailles et Curiosités." At least one of our own frequent contributors finds a place in its columns, and we see that Why don't they eat cake?" is being now discussed as it was discussed a little time back in 'N. and Q.' The foreign subscription is at present 18 fr. a year, but the editor gives a warning that with 1920 it will be raised to 26 fr. We wish L'Intermédiaire every success in face of the obstacles it has to overcome. BOOKSELLERS' CATALOGUES. FROM Hrn. Gilhofer & Ranschburg (Bognergasse 2, Wien I.) comes their latest catalogue of books upon the Fine Arts. It mainly comprises the from the contents of the thick list before us, must libraries of a couple of connoisseurs, who, judging have had a trained and practised eye in the selection of their volumes. For here are books on all branches of art, not only modern works, but also the large folios of the eighteenth century, including works on ancient. medieval and oriental art, sculpture and painting, with a fine series of standard books on modern stylists. In all there are sixteen sections, most of them being sub-divided. in which every branch of artistic study is well represented, even down to an excellently arranged section on silhouettes aud playing cards. Hrn. Gilhofer and Ranschburg are to be congratulated upon this, their latest compilation, and as the prices are far from excessive, would-be collectors are advised to send for a copy of the catalogue and to place their orders as early as possible. WE have received a copy of Catalogue No. 382, English Literature of the Eighteenth Century, from Messrs. Maggs Bros., 34 and 35 Conduit Street London, W. It contains no less than 516 different items. There is a considerable section on Political Economy.containing many rare pamphlets on the trade and currency of Great Britain. There are also many important Goldsmith items, including the first edition of The Deserted Village.' We notice a number of rare books on Freemasonry, including the first edition of Anderson's Constitution of the Freemasons of 1723,' with the engraved frontispiece. Defoe is well represented with an uncut copy of the first edition ofA Journal on the Plague Year,' which is probably unique in its uncut state. Defoe's 'Review of the British Nation,' complete with the exception of two numbers; this is Defoe's possibly greatest and certainly scarcest work. No actual complete set is known to exist; up to now the Huth copy was considered the most complete, but Messrs. Maggs' copy is much more complete, as they possess the additional volume which is so excessively rare that Lowndes states only a few numbers exist, and that the latest known number is 85. Messrs. Maggs' volumes comprise up to No. 106, the final number. Ano her interesting first edition is Coleridge's 'Fall of Robespierre,' historical drama, Cambridge, 1794, the author's first publication, and written in con junction with Southey. It is well known that The Proprietor is obliged to warn his readers this drama was produced in one evening, Coleridge, Southey and Lovell each writing one act. Coleridge took the manuscript with him to Cambridge, and there re-wrote part of the drama, and published it under his own name. Southey wrote, It was written with newspapers before me as fast as newspapers could be put into blank verse. I have no desire to claim it now, neither am I ashamed of it." Six pages of the catalogue are devoted to uncommon pamphlets of the Old and Young Pretenders. We have also received from Messrs. Maggs Bros. their Catalogue No. 383, containing Engraved Portraits, Decorative Prints, Sporting Prints, Etchings, Engravings by the Old Masters, and Historical and Topographical Engravings. Fine prints (302 in number) are catalogued with 34 fine reproductions of the most interesting engravings. Our readers may consider the first part, which contains engraved portraits principally of the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, to be the most interesting. A charming print is Watson's mezzotint of the Three Irish Graces in a brilliant impression of the first state, printed in a rich brown tone before the title was added. A brilliant open-letter proof-impression of the Duchess of Devonshire after Gainsborough by Barney is very pretty, though some may be inclined to prefer the stipple in colours of Lady Elizabeth Foster after Sir Joshua Reynolds. Other charming ladies are Lady Kent, Lady Sofia Paget by Meyer after Hoppner, and Mrs. Siddons as the Tragic Muse. We also notice some delicate Morlands, and two fine Swiss prints in colours by Freudenberger. Some excellent Wheatleys in colours are all pleasant prints which one would like to keep on one's walls. Among the Dürers the Saint Eustace, of which a good representation is given, will pro-. bably be preferred. that other arrangements for 'N. & Q.' will probably have to be made. He has himself been doing the duties from errand-boy to Editor without salary, and cannot continue under such conditions. Notices to Correspondents. We cannot undertake to answer queries privately, but we will forward advance proofs of answers received if a shilling is sent with the query; nor can we advise correspondents as to the value of old books and other objects or as to the means of disposing of them. BRAYE, Windsor.-Hope to insert queries sent. MR. W. A. HUTCHISON (" Philo-Judæus ").-Forwarded to querist. Letters forwarded to G. F. R. B., MR. JOHN B. WAINEWRIGHT, and MR. W. R. WILLIAMS. MR. C. E. STRATTON, Boston, Mass, ("Emerson's 'English Traits'").-Anticipated at ante, p. 302. MR. G. D. MCGRIGOR Wishes to thank an anonymous correspondent for sending him interesting details re the third and last Earl of Carbery. 121-125 Charing Cross Road, London, W.C.2. MR. G. A. POYNDER has sent us his last Catalogue of Secondhand Books, and we understand he will shortly be publishing another. Copies may WANTED, COPY OF NOTES AND QUERIES be had on application to him at 4 Broad Street, Reading. Obituary. EDWARD SMITH. APRIL, 1917 (No. 67). State Price. Rev. LAWRENCE PHILLIPS, Theological College, LICHFIELD. J. HARVEY BLOOM Gemiet, (Cambridge), Archivist and Genealogist, 601 BANK CHAMBERS, 329 HIGH HOLBORN, E.C.1. Mr. Bloom is prepared to arrange and Calendar Collections of Papersand Documents, to Condense and Edit Material for Manorial and Family History, and to give advice on all Antiquarian. Matters. Prospectus on application. Good experience. Highest testimonials. In Town daily.-Mr. F. A. HADLAND, 15 Bellevue Mansions, Forest Hill, S.E.28. ANTIQUARIAN TYPEWRITING. -Old supplied, no matter on what subject. Please state wants. BOOKS. ALL OUT-OF-PRINT BOOKS Burke's Peerage, new copies, 1914, 88.; 1915, 108.; published 424. net. -BAKER'S Great Bookshop, 14-16 John Bright Street, Birmingham. WE regret to announce the death of Mr. Edward RESEARCHES, Proof-Reading, Indexing. Smith, which took place in a nursing home at Whitstable on the 13th inst., in his 81st year. He was a man of many-sided literary activities. His 'Life of William Cobbett,' published so long ago as 1878, is still one of the standard biographies of that interesting personality; it is excelled by his last work, issued in 1911, the Life of Sir Joseph Banks,' the 18th-century President of the Royal Society. But perhaps his most useful work is one that still remains in three volumes of manuscript, viz., an Index Locorum to Birch's 'Cartularium Saxonicum.' This is not merely a bald list of the place-names occurring in that invaluable collection THE AUTHOR'S HAIRLESS PAPER-PAD. of charters of the Anglo-Saxon period: it contains numerous identifications, many worked out for the first time. of the ancient forms with the modern names. For a long time he was a fairly frequent contributor to N. & Q.' on topographical and bibliographical matters. (The LEADENHALL PRESS. Ltd., Publishers and Printers. 29-47 GARDEN ROW. ST. GEORGE'S ROAD, SOUTHWARK, 8.E.1.) Contains hairless paper, over which the pen slips with perfect freedom. Ninepence each. 88. per dozen, ruled or plain. Pocket size, 5. per dozen, ruled or plain. STICKPHA&T is a clean white Paste and not a messy liquid. |