(a) System play. Lash or free play in the steering system shall not exceed the values shown in Table 2.

(1) Inspection procedure. With the engine on and the steering axle wheels in the straight ahead position, turn the steering wheel in one direction until there is a perceptible movement of the wheel. If a point on the steering wheel rim moves more than the value shown in Table 1 before perceptible return movement of the wheel under observation, there is excessive lash or free play in the steering system.

(b) Linkage play. Free play in the steering linkage shall not exceed the values shown in Table 3.

(1) Inspection procedure. Elevate the front end of the vehicle to load the ball joints, if the vehicle is SO equipped. Insure that wheel bearings are correctly adjusted. Grasp the front and rear of a tire and attempt to turn the tire and wheel assemble left and right. If the free movement at the front or rear tread of the tire exceeds the applicable value shown in Table 3, there is excessive steering linkage play.

(c) Free turning. Steering wheels shall turn freely through the limit of travel in both directions.

(1) Inspection procedure. With the engine running on a vehicle with power steering, or the steerable wheels elevated on a vehicle without power steering, turn the steering wheel through the limit of travel in both directions. Feel for binding or jamming in the steering gear mechanism.

(d) Alignment. Toe-in or toe-out condition shall not be greater than 1.5 times the values listed in the vehicle manufacturer's service specification for alignment setting.

(1) Inspection procedure. Drive the vehicle over a sideslip indicator or measure with a tread gauge, and verify that the toe-in or toe-out is not greater than 1.5 times the values listed in the vehicle manufacturer's service specification.

(e) Power steering system. The power steering system shall not have cracked, frayed or slipping belts, chafed or abrated hoses, show signs of leakage or have insufficient fluid in the reservoir.

(1) Inspection procedure. Examine fluid reservoir, hoses and pump belts for the conditions indicated.

NOTE: Inspection of the suspension system must not precede the service brake performance test.

§ 570.61 Suspension system.

(a) Suspension condition. Ball joint seals shall not be cut or cracked, other than superficial surface cracks. Ball joints and kingpins shall not be bent or damaged. Stabilizer bars shall be connected. Springs shall not be broken and coil springs shall not be extended by spacers. Shock absorber mountings, shackles, and U-bolts shall be securely attached. Rubber bushings shall not be cracked, extruded out from or miss

ing from suspension joints. Radius rods shall not be missing or damaged.

(1) Inspection procedure. Examine front and rear end suspension parts for the conditions indicated.

(b) Shock absorber condition. There shall be no oil on the shock absorber housings attributable to leakage by the seal.

(1) Inspection procedure. Examine shock absorbers for oil leakage from within.

§ 570.62 Tires.

(a) Tread depth. The tread shall be not less than four thirty-seconds of an inch deep on each front tire of any vehicle other than a trailer and not less than two thirty-seconds of an inch on all other tires.

(1) Inspection procedure. For tires with treadwear indicators, check for indicators in any two adjacent major grooves at three locations spaced approximately 120° apart around the circumference of the tire. For tires without treadwear indicators, measure the tread depth with a suitable gauge or scale in two adjacent major grooves at 3 locations spaced approximately 120° apart around the circumference of the tire at the area of greatest wear.

(b) Type. Vehicles should be equipped with tires on the same axle that are matched in construction and tire size designation, and dual tires shall be matched for overall diameter within one-half inch.

(1) Inspection procedure. Examine visually. A mismatch in size and construction between tires on the same axle, or a major deviation from the size recommended by the vehicle or tire manufacturer, is a cause for rejection. On a dual-tire arrangement the diameter of one of the duals must be within one-half inch of the other as measured by a gauge block inserted between the tire and a caliper.

(c) General condition. Tires shall be free from chunking, bumps, knots, or bulges evidencing cord, ply or tread separation from the casing.

(1) Inspection procedure. Examine visually for the conditions indicated.

(d) Damage. Tire cords or belting materials shall not be exposed, either to the naked eye or when cuts on the tire are probed. Reinforcement repairs

to the cord body are allowable on tires other than front-mounted tires.

(1) Inspection procedure. Examine visually for the conditions indicated, using a blunt instrument if necessary to probe cuts and abrasions.

(e) Special purpose tires. Tires marked "Not For Highway Use" or "Farm Use Only" or other such restrictions shall not be used on any motor vehicles operating on public highways.

(1) Inspection procedure. Examine visually for tires labeled with specific restrictions.

§ 570.63 Wheel assemblies.

(a) Wheel integrity. A tire rim, wheel disc or spider shall have no visible cracks, elongated bolt holes, or indications of in-service repair by welding.

(1) Inspection procedure. Examine visually for the conditions indicated.

(b) Cast wheels. Cast wheels shall not be cracked or show evidence of excessive wear in the clamp area.

(1) Inspection procedure. Examine visually for the conditions indicated.

(c) Mounting. All wheel nuts shall be in place and tight.

(1) Inspection procedure. Check wheel retention for the conditions indicated.

Sec.

571.105 Standard No. 105; Hydraulic brake

systems.

571.106 Standard No. 106; Brake hoses. 571.107 Standard No. 107; Reflecting surfaces.

571.108 Standard No. 108; Lamps, reflective devices, and associated equipment. 571.109 Standard No. 109; New pneumatic tires.

571.110 Standard No. 110; Tire selection and rims.

571.111 Standard No. 111; Rearview mirrors.

571.112 Standard No. 112; Headlamp concealment devices.

571.113 Standard No. 113; Hood latch system.

571.114 Standard No. 114; Theft protection.

571.115 Standard No. 115; Vehicle identification number.

571.116 Standard No. 116; Motor vehicle brake fluids.

571.117 Standard No. 117; Retreaded pneumatic tires.

571.118 Standard No. 118; Power-operated window systems.

571.119 Standard No. 119; New pneumatic tires for vehicles other than passenger

571.123 Standard No. 123; Motorcycle controls and displays.

571.124 Standard No. 124; Accelerator control systems.

571.125 Standard No. 125; Warning devices. 571.126 Standard No. 126; Truck-camper loading.

571.127 Standard No. 127; Speedometers and odometers. (Effective Sept. 1 1981) 571.201 Standard No. 201; Occupant protection in interior impact. 571.202 Standard No. 202; Head restraints. 571.203 Standard No. 203; Impact protec

tion for the driver from the steering control system.

571.204 Standard No. 204; Steering control rearward displacement.

571.205 Standard No. 205; Glazing materials.

571.206 Standard No. 206; Door locks and door retention components.

571.207 Standard No. 207; Seating systems. 571.208 Standard No. 208; Occupant crash protection. (Effective Sept. 1, 1981) 571.209 Standard No. 209; Seat belt assemblies.

571.210 Standard No. 210; Seat belt assem

bly anchorages.

Sec.

571.211 Standard No. 211; Wheel nuts, wheel discs, and hub caps.

571.212 Standard No. 212; Windshield

mounting.

571.213 Standard No. 213; Child restraint systems.

571.214 Standard No. 214; Side door

strength.

571.215 [Reserved]

571.216 Standard No. 216; Roof crush resistance-passenger cars.

571.217 Standard No. 217; Bus window retention and release.

571.218 Standard No. 218; Motorcycle helmets.

571.219 Standard No. 219; Windshield zone

intrusion.

571.220 Standard No. 220; School bus rollover protection.

571.221 Standard No. 221; School bus body joint strength.

571.222 Standard No. 222; School bus passenger seating and crash protection. 571.301 Standard No. 301; Fuel system integrity.

571.302 Standard No. 302; Flammability of interior materials.

AUTHORITY: Secs. 103, 112, 114, 119, Pub. L. 89-563, 80 Stat. 718, 719, 728; 15 U.S.C. 1392, 1401, 1403, 1407; delegation of authority at 49 CFR 1.50, unless otherwise noted.

permit launching of the boat from the rear of the trailer.

"Bus" means a motor vehicle with motive power, except a trailer, designed for carrying more than 10 per

sons.

"Curb weight" means the weight of a motor vehicle with standard equipment; maximum capacity of engine fuel, oil, and coolant; and, if so equipped, air conditioning and additional weight optional engine.

"Designated seating capacity" means the number of designated seating positions provided.

"Designated seating position means any plan view location capable of accomodating a person at least as large as a 5th percentile adult female, if the overall seat configuration and design and vehicle design is such that the position is likely to be used as a seating position while the vehicle is in motion, except for auxiliary seating accomodations such as temporary or folding jump seats. Any bench or split-bench seat in a passenger car, truck or multipurpose passenger vehicle with a GVWR less than 10,000 pounds, having greater than 50 inches of hip room (measured in accordance with SAE Standard J1100(a)) shall have not less than three designated seating positions, unless the seat design or vehicle design is such that the center position cannot be used for seating.

"Driver" means the occupant of a motor vehicle seated immediately behind the steering control system.

"Emergency brake” means a mechanism designed to stop a motor vehicle after a failure of the service brake system.

"5th percentile adult female" means a person possessing the dimensions and weight of the 5th percentile adult female specified for the total age group in Public Health Service Publication No. 1000, Series 11, No. 8, "Weight, Height, and Selected Body Dimensions of Adults."

"Firefighting vehicle' means a vehicle designed exclusively for the purpose of fighting fires."

"Fixed collision barrier" means a flat, vertical, unyielding surface with the following characteristics:

(1) The surface is sufficiently large that when struck by a tested vehicle,

no portion of the vehicle projects or passes beyond the surface.

(2) The approach is a horizontal surface that is large enough for the vehicle to attain a stable attitude during its approach to the barrier, and that does not restrict vehicle motion during impact.

(3) When struck by a vehicle, the surface and its supporting structure absorb no significant portion of the vehicle's kinetic energy, so that a performance requirement described in terms of impact with a fixed collision barrier must be met no matter how small an amount of energy is absorbed by the barrier."

"Forward control" means a configuration in which more than half of the engine length is rearward of the foremost point of the windshield base and the steering wheel hub is in the forward quarter of the vehicle length.

"Gross axle weight rating" or "GAWR" means the value specified by the vehicle manufacturer as the loadcarrying capacity of a single axle system, as measured at the tire-ground interfaces.

"Gross combination weight rating" or "GCWR" means the value specified by the manufacturer as the loaded weight of a combination vehicle.

"Gross vehicle weight rating" or "GVWR" means the value specified by the manufacturer as the loaded weight of a single vehicle.

"H point" means the mechanically hinged hip point of a manikin which simulates the actual pivot center of the human torso and thigh, described in SAE Recommended Practice J826, "Manikins for Use in Defining Vehicle Seating Accommodations," November 1962.

"Head impact area" means all nonglazed surfaces of the interior of a vehicle that are statically contactable by a 6.5-inch diameter spherical head form of a measuring device having a pivot point to "top-of-head" dimension infinitely adjustable from 29 to 33 inches in accordance with the following procedure, or its graphic equivalent:

(a) At each designated seating position, place the pivot point of the measuring device

(1) For seats that are adjustable fore and aft, at

(i) The seating reference point; and (ii) A point 5 inches horizontally forward of the seating reference point and vertically above the seating reference point an amount equal to the rise which results from a 5-inch forward adjustment of the seat or 0.75 inch;

and

(2) For seats that are not adjustable fore and aft, at the seating reference point.

(b) With the pivot point to "top-ofhead" dimension at each value allowed by the device and the interior dimensions of the vehicle, determine all contact points above the lower windshield glass line and forward of the seating reference point.

(c) With the head form at each contact point, and with the device in a vertical position if no contact points exists for a particular adjusted length, pivot the measuring device forward and downward through all arcs in vertical planes to 90° each side of the vertical longitudinal plane through the seating reference point, until the head form contacts an interior surface or until it is tangent to a horizontal plane 1 inch above the seating reference point, whichever occurs first.

"Interior compartment door" means any door in the interior of the vehicle installed by the manufacturer as a cover for storage space normally used for personal effects.

"Longitudinal" or "longitudinally" means parallel to the longitudinal centerline of the vehicle.

"Motorcycle" means a motor vehicle with motive power having a seat or saddle for the use of the rider and designed to travel on not more than three wheels in contact with the ground.

"Motor-driven cycle” means a motorcycle with a motor that produces 5brake horsepower or less.

"Multipurpose passenger vehicle" means a motor vehicle with motive power, except a trailer, designed to carry 10 persons or less which is constructed either on a truck chassis or with special features for occasional off-road operation.

"Open-body type vehicle" means a vehicle having no occupant compartment top or an occupant compartment

top that can be installed or removed by the user at his convenience.

"Outboard designated seating position" means a designated seating position where a longitudinal vertical plane tangent to the outboard side of the seat cushion is less than 12 inches from the innermost point on the inside surface of the vehicle at a height between the seating reference point and the shoulder reference point (as shown in fig. 1 of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No. 210) and longitudinally between the front and rear edges of the seat cushion.

"Overall vehicle width" means the nominal design dimension of the widest part of the vehicle, exclusive of signal lamps, marker lamps, outside rearview mirrors, flexible fender extensions, and mud flaps, determined with doors and windows closed and the wheels in the straight-ahead position.

"Parking brake" means a mechanism designed to prevent the movement of a stationary motor vehicle.

"Passenger car" means a motor vehicle with motive power, except a multipurpose passenger vehicle, motorcycle, or trailer, designed for carrying 10 persons or less.

"Pelvic impact area" means that area of the door or body side panel adjacent to any outboard designated seating position which is bounded by horizontal planes 7 inches above and 4 inches below the seating reference point and vertical transverse planes 8 inches forward and 2 inches rearward of the seating reference point.

"Pole trailer" means a motor vehicle without motive power designed to be drawn by another motor vehicle and attached to the towing vehicle by means of a reach or pole, or by being boomed or otherwise secured to the towing vehicle, for transporting long or irregularly shaped loads such as poles, pipes, or structural members capable generally of sustaining themselves as beams between the supporting connections.

"School bus" means a bus that is sold, or introduced in interstate commerce, for purposes that include carrying students to and from school or related events, but does not include a bus designed and sold for operation as