[CONSECRATION OF TURGOT TO S. ANDREW's.]

quod volebatis ut electus Episcopus Ecclesiæ Sancti Andreæ de Scotia sacraretur, et hoc volebatis fieri meo consilio et mea concessione. Sed hoc nec debet nec potest canonice fieri ab eodem electo Archiepiscopo, nec ab alio per illum, priusquam ipse fiat Archiepiscopus canonica consecratione. Quapropter nec consulo nec concedo, immo interdico, ne fiat ante consecrationem ejusdem electi Archiepiscopi, nisi a me, si forte hoc necessitas exegerit. Vale.

Post hæc Anselmus, considerans Thomam Episcopalem suam benedictionem non ita expetere sicut debebat, scriptam hanc epistolam ei direxit:

ANSELMUS ARCHIEPISCOPUS CANTUARIENSIS amico suo Thome, electo Archiepiscopo Ecclesiæ Eboracensi, salutem. * * * * Præterea audivi quod vos priusquam consecremini facere vultis ut electus Episcopus Sancti Andreæ de Scotia apud Eboracam consecretur. Quod nec vos facere debetis, nec ego concedo, sed omnino interdico ne fiat, aut de illo aut de aliqua persona quæ in regimen animarum debet provehi ab Archiepiscopo Eboracensi, quia non pertinet ad vos dare vel concedere alicui regimen aut curam animarum, quia nondum accepistis. Valete.

Ad illam scripta est epistola hæc :

Dilectissimo patri et venerabili domino Anselmo, sancte Cantuariensis Ecclesia Archiepiscopo, THOMAS EBORACE METROPOLI ELECTUS, licet indignus, salutem et amicæ fidelitatis obsequium.

* * * * * De electo Episcopo Sancti Andreæ de Scotia, quod audistis, rumores sunt quibus credere non oportet. Facile est ergo interdici, quod ut fieret non a me excogitatum est. * * * [ed. Selden, pp. 97, 98.]

*

IV. STUBBS, Actt. Pontif. Ebor.- Accepto igitur pallio Archiepiscopus [Thomas II.] missam celebravit, et Turgotum, qui fuerat Prior Dunelmensis Ecclesiæ, Episcopum Sancti Andreæ de Scotia præsenti Cardinalia consecravit. Qui ei professionem fecit et scriptam tradidit, quæ sic incipit, Ego Turgotus Scotorum Episcopus, &c. [Twysd. 1713. And also the Bodl. MS. Digby 140.]

a Cardinal Ulric, sent by the Pope with the pall for Archbishop Thomas.

A.D. 1109. ANN. ULT., in an.-Oengus hua Donnallan, prim Anmchara samhtha Coluimcille [Oengus o'Donnallan, chief confessor of the community of Columcille.]

APPENDIX A.

CHIEF BISHOPS OF ALBAN OR OF THE SCOTSa, (before) A.D. 896-1109.

[A.D. 849-(before) 896, Primacy probably in the Bishop-Abbats of Dunkeld: see above, p. 143.]

1. CELLACH, (before) A.D. 896–(before) A.D. 942: Bishop in the time of King Cyric (Fordun, IV. 17), who died A.D. 896; "the Bishop," as Constantine was "the King," viz. of the Scots, at the Council of Scone A.D. 906 (Chron. Pict., Skene, 8); called "Bishop of Kilreymonth," i. e. S. Andrew's, by Fordun (as above), who wrongly puts Fothadh before instead of after him ("primus ut reperi," speaking of Fothadh; but the Pictish Chronicle making Cellach Bishop in A.D. 906, and the Ann. IV. Mag. dating Fothadh's death A.D. 962, prove Wintoun right in reversing the order).

2. FOTHADH I., (before) A.D. 942-962: "son of Bran, scribe and Bishop of the islands of Alba" (Ann. IV. Mag, in an. 961); received the isle of Lochleven by a "precarian" grant from the Keledei there, A.D. 942 (see above, p. 147); expelled eight years before his death by King Indulf, therefore A.D. 954; died A.D. 962 (Ann. IV. Mag.). The silver case for the Gospels preserved at S. Andrew's was inscribed with a Latin couplet with his name as "6 Scottis summus Episcopus" (Legend. S. Andr. in Škene, 190,

Fordun, &c.).

3. MAELBRIGID I. (Chron. Pict.), MALISIUS I. (Fordun, Wintoun), A.D. 962-970; a disciple of S. Duthac, according to Fordun (Suppl. VI. 24), who foretold that he would be "Episcopus Scottorum;" Bishop eight years (Fordun, ib.); "Maelbrigid Episcopus pausavit, Cellach filius Ferdalaig regnavit," in the reign of King Culen (killed A.D. 970), (Chron. Pict., Skene, 10).

4. CELLACH II., A.D. 970-995; "filius Ferdlager, qui fuit primus qui adivit Romam pro confirmatione, et post confirmationem vixit XXV. annis" (Fordun, Suppl. VI. 24).

[CONSECRATION OF TURG quod volebatis ut electus Episcopus sacraretur, et hoc volebatis fieri m Sed hoc nec debet nec potest cano episcopo, nec ab alio per illum, pr canonica consecratione. Quapropte interdico, ne fiat ante consecration nisi a me, si forte hoc necessitas ex

Post hæc Anselmus, considerans T dictionem non ita expetere sicut d ei direxit:

ANSELMUS ARCHIEPISCOPUS CANTI Archiepiscopo Ecclesia Eboracensi, st quod vos priusquam consecremini Sancti Andreæ de Scotia apud Ebo facere debetis, nec ego concedo, se illo aut de aliqua persona quæ in ab Archiepiscopo Eboracensi, quia cedere alicui regimen aut curam Valete.

Ad illam scripta est epistola h Dilectissimo patri et venerabili Ecclesia Archiepiscopo, THOMAS indignus, salutem et amicæ fide

* * * * * De el quod audistis, rumores sunt ergo interdici, quod ut fieret 1 [ed. Selden, pp. 97, 98.]

IV. STUBBS, Actt. Ponti, episcopus [Thomas II.] mi Prior Dunelmensis Eccles præsenti Cardinalia con: scriptam tradidit, quæ sic &c. [Twysd. 1713. An

a Cardinal Ulric, sen

A.D. 1109. ANN. mehara samhtha C

ommunity of

"

PENDIX B.

") IN SCOTLAND, c. A.D. 800-c. A.D. 1150.
er until the middle of the 14th century.)

=Servus Dei (according to the more probable at first merely an Irish appellation for a monk : name of a monk of a special and more strict way whatever from the doctrine or ordinary at Tamhlacht near Dublin under S. Maelruain, , in Scotland, and in a like special sense, either if Constantine were the founder of the Church Kenneth and A.D. 849), or at Lochleven before 18, 147). It is applied to hermits in the latter of Dunkeld, S. Andrew's, and Glasgow, to a conForb and twelve monks), but described in the last reparate abodes: akin to the secular canons of ". A.D. 757; regulated by the Council of Aix-la

eledei are found in Scotland, certainly, at the following

ccording to Jocelin's V. S. Kentegerni (see above, e is no evidence as to when they came there; and it is ty to suppose (as Jocelin does) that they were established mself. They had disappeared before David's restoration A.D. 1119. Henry of Silgrave (see below) speaks of there.

ld, from its foundation, according to Dean Mylne (see neither before A.D. 820 or before A.D. 849 (A.D. 729 is an

Mylne, who wrote in the end of the 15th century, corrected and date of the founder whom he names), according as we ence of the Pictish Chronicle or of the Register of S. Andrew's. A.D. 1127 established there a body of canons (Canonici Nigri gustin) and a Bishop; but the Dunkeld Keledei, although no iced, survived for a considerable period, being mentioned in

5. MAELMOR Or MALMORE.

6. MALISIUS II., probably MAELBRIGID II.

[CHIEF BISHOPS Of alban, a.d. 896-1109.]

A.D. 995-1025; the latter date being determined by the joint duration of the next two episcopates (of Alwyn and Malduin), viz. 30 years, together with the known date of Malduin's death, viz. A.D. 1055. Wintoun places Malisius II. before Maelmor. There is no evidence to determine which order is the correct one. 7. ALWYN, A.D. 1025-1028, Bishop three years (Fordun, Wintoun). 8. MALDUIN, A.D. 1028-1055: "son of Gilla-Odran, Bishop of Alban (Epscob Albain), giver of orders to the clergy" (Ann. Tigh., in an. 1055); Bishop 27 years (Wintoun); gave Markinch to the Keledei of Lochleven (Reg. Prior. S. Andr. 116); died A.D. 1055 (Ann. Tigh., in an.).

9. TUATHAL, TUTHALD (in Fordun), A.D. 1055-1059; Bishop four years (Fordun): gave Scoonie to the Keledei of Lochleven (Reg. Prior S. Andr. 116).

10. FOTHADH II. (miscalled Foderoch, by Stubbs, Actt. Pontiff. Ebor., and Modach, in Reg. Prior. S. Andr. 117), A.D. 1059-1093: "Ardepscob Albain" (Ann. Ult., in an. 1093); "filius Malmykel" (Reg. Prior. S. Andr. 117); gave Auchterderran to the Keledei of Lochleven (ib.); alleged by Stubbs (as above) to have professed subjection and acted as suffragan, A.D. 1072 × 1093, to Thomas I. Archbishop of York; died A.D. 1093 (Ann. Ult., in an.). The last Celtic Primate.

[Interregnum, A.D. 1093-1109: filled by Fordun (Suppl. VI. 24) with the names of Gregorius, Cathre, Edmar, and Godric, who all "obierunt electi." Wintoun omits them. And the first and third look like a confusion with Gregory, who witnessed the Scone charter of A.D. 1115, and who was probably Bishop of Moray, and with Eadmer, respectively. Pope Paschal's letter of A.D. IIOI (see above) names no one.]

II. TURGOT, a Saxon by birth, and Prior of Durham, elected June 20, A.D. 1107, consecrated Aug. 1, A.D. 1109, at York, with reservation of the rights of either see, as "Bishop of S. Andrew's" (the delay being mainly due to disputes between the Archbishops of Canterbury and York), died A.D. 1115. See above, pp. 170-172.

a For their proper title, see above, p. 148, note a.