[BISHOPRIC OF CANDIDA CASA OR WHITHERNE.]

occasion: that Adam, who came next (ob. A.D. 1369×1373), was also probably consecrated by the Pope, but that both he and all his successors (with one exception) were obviously Scottish altogether and had nothing at all to do with York; although in A.D. 1379, there being a Pope and an Antipope, the former intruded Bishop Oswald into the see, already filled by a Bishop in communion with the latter; and Oswald, so intruded, being obliged in A.D. 1388 to fly for his life to England, acted thenceforth as a suffragan of York, the Scottish line being kept up in entire disregard of his existence : lastly, that a final protest or complaint was made in vain in A.D. 1472 by the see of York, but with reference to all the Scottish Bishoprics, and not to Galloway in particular.

From the "Historia Ordinis SS. Trinitatis ad annum 1296 continuis Catalog. Cœnob. ejus Ordin. in Scotia," in Hay's Diplomataa (MS., Advocates' Library, Edinb.), vol. III. p. 579.

Anno autem 1256 extructum est patribus Trinitariis cœnobium Brechinense in Scotia ab Edwardo ejusdem civitatis Episcopo; deinde a B. Francisco Ramiseo, qui in eodem ordine monachatum subiit, multis possessionibus ditatum anno 1362. Idemque Franciscus ob singularem integritatem et vitæ innocentiam Episcopatu Case Candide honestatus est in hunc modum. Anno a partu Virginis 1373, octavo Kalendas Aprilis, obiit David Douglassius ejus sedis antistes; et sub obitum author fuit clero ac populo, ut dictum patrem Franciscum ordinis Trinitarii monachum successorem sibi in Episcopatu designarent. Nihilo tamen minus clerus Candide Case, corruptus largitionibus cujusdam Jacobi Caarron [sic], qui eandem sedem ambiebat, rejecto Francisco, eum Episcopum designarunt: sed non volente eventu. Nam Jacobus, altera die post sui consecrationem, caldissima febre correptus vite usuram desperavit. Et agnoscens morbum sibi a Deo vindice immissum ob Episcopatum nefario modo occupatum, ipsum Franciscum protinus accersivit. Qui cum adesset, [et] infirmum antistitem aqua cui ipse benedixit adspersisset, protinus eum molestia febris liberavit. Propter que alter sanitati restitutus Episcopatum Francisco resignavit: quod, factum in Scotia, Rome deinde Gregorius undecimus confirmavit pontificatus sui anno tertio. Unde beatus Franciscus sedem illam viginti novem annis magno sui laude administravit. Tandem morte absumptus anno Domini 1402, Kal. Octobris, sepultus est in sua ecclesia, etc. a

a This work, which is a collection of transcripts, was formed by Richard Augustine Hay, canon regular of S. Genéviéve, about the

beginning of the 18th century. The MS. is now in the Advocates' Library at Edinburgh.

APPENDIX C.

BISHOP OF GLASGOW IN SUBJECTION TO YORK, A.D. 1318-1323.

A.D. 1318, Feb. 1, Archbishop Melton of York writes to B. Cardinal deacon of S. Mary in Aquiro, on behalf of John Bishop of Glasgow, who on account of the war dares not visit his diocese, and is for that reason in great poverty; and the same John of Glasgow, called once John de Ecclesclif, and once Friar John de Ecclesfeld, is on four occasions employed by Archbishop Melton as a suffragan (Histor. Papers, &c. from Northern Registers, 299, 300). John Bishop of Glasgow, who must have been the York Bishop, assisted also at the consecration of Roger of Lichfield at Hales Abbey, June 27, A.D. 1322. And a grant, which must be his, to Holyrood Abbey, March 1, 1322, is among the Holyrood Charters, pp. 186-188. "Frater Johannes de Eglesclif de ordine Predicatorum, consecratus in curia Romana, venit ad dyocesim suam Landav. octavis Sancte Trinitatis [May 29] anno Domini 1323, et obiit apud Lancadwaladwr, viz. iio die mensis Januarii anno Domini [1344, miswritten 1306], et sepultus est in ecclesia Fratrum Predicatorum de Kerdyf” (MS. additions to the Owston MS. of the Lib. Landavensis). John of Egglescliffe is stated to have been Bishop of Bethlehem in partibus, in the first instance (Gallia Christ., XII. 690; Hibern. Dominicana, c. 13): but he was really consecrated to Glasgow in the place of Robert Wiseheart deceased, by Nicolas Bishop of Ostia, at Avignon; see the Bull dated XVI. kal. Aug. A.D. 1318 (Theiner, 202). As Bishop of Glasgow he has letters from Edward II. dated July 19, A.D. 1319 (Rymer, III. 401). Robert Bruce objected to him as an Englishman, and was answered by the Pope, Aug. 18, A.D. 1320 (Rymer, III. 432); and in A.D. 1323, Mar. 15, he was translated to Connor (Theiner, 226), and June 20, to Llandaff (Reg. Reynolds). The Llandaff scribe, apparently, knew nothing of John of Egglescliffe's previous Glasgow and Irish Episcopates.

John Lindsey was appointed Bishop of Glasgow in his place, Mar. 15, A.D. 1323 (Theiner, 226).

COUNCILS

OF

GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND.

VI.

BRITISH CHURCHES ABROAD.

I. BRITISH CHURCH IN ARMORICA UNTIL THE SUPPRESSION OF BRITISH CUSTOMS THERE.

A. D. 387-818.

II. BRITISH SEE AT BRETOÑA IN GALLICIA.

A. D. 569-830.

I. Misit [Oudoceus Episcopus Landavensis (c. A.D. 600) Guidnerth Regem Gwentiæ] in peregrinationem ad Archiepiscopum Dolensem, ... propter veteranam amicitiam et cognitionem quam sancti patres habuerant antecessores sui inter se, et propter aliam causam, eo quod ipse Guidnerth et Brittones et Archiepiscopus illius terræ essent unius linguæ et unius nationis, quamvis dividerentur spatio terrarum.-[LIB. LANDAV. 172.]

Notandum quia in Nordwallia (Venedotia) lingua Britannica delicatior et ornatior et laudabilior est, quanto alienigenis terra illa impermixtior esse perhibetur: Cornubienses vero et Armoricani Britonum lingua utuntur fere persimili, Cambris tamen propter originem et convenientiam in multis adhuc et fere cunctis intelligibili; quæ quanto delicata minus et incomposita, magis tamen antiquo linguæ Britannica idiomati, ut arbitror, appropriata.―[GIR. CAMBR., Descript. Cambr., I. 6. A.D. 1215.]

II. Transnavigare maria terrasque spatiosas transmeare non tam piget [Britannos sacerdotes] quam delectat.-[GILDAS, M. H. B. 31, c. A.D. 560.]

BRITISH CHURCHES ABROAD.

I. BRITISH CHURCHES IN ARMORICA & UNTIL THE SUPPRESSION OF
BRITISH CUSTOMS.

A.D. 387-818.

[A.D. 387. Colony of Maximus' soldiers from Britain (Nenn. Gild.).

A.D. 409–502. Independent Armorican state, under a "King of the Britons "." c. A.D. 450. Immigration of (Christian) Britons fleeing from Saxon invasion (V. Gild. in Bibl. Floriac. and V. S. Winwaloëi).

A.D. 461. First mention of a Bréton Bishop.

A.D. 502. Brittany henceforth claimed as subject to the suzerainty of the Franks ©, although practically independent; and its rulers called "Comites" instead of "Reges" (Greg. Tur., IV. 3).

A.D. 512. Further immigration of Britons : Bishoprics founded for them by Childebert at Léon, and perhaps at Dol, irrespectively of the Archbishopric of Tours.

A.D. 541-590. Differences about Easter.

A.D. 561, 566, etc. Further immigration of Britons, in connection with SS. Maclovius,

Maglorius, etc.

A.D. 561. Vannes occupied by the Franks until A.D. 753.

A.D. 567. Metropolitanship of Tours over Armorica asserted in a council of Tours. A.D. 600-700. Frank supremacy powerful over nearly all Brittany (so that in Eastern Brittany the people ceased to use the British language, Courson, p. 256). A.D. 612 x 632. Cadwallon of Wales takes refuge with Duke Salomon; and, A.D. 664 x 689, Cadwallader with Alan e.

A.D. 635. Judicael, "Rex Brittannorum," submits himself and his kingdom to Dagobert at Creil (Fredegar. 78; V. S. Elig. Noviom).

A.D. 753. Brétons recover Vannes, but are driven out again by Pipin (Ann. Metens.), who appoints" Counts of the British March" (among others, Roland).

A.D. 786, 799, 811. Brittany overrun by Andulfus, "Senescallus" of Charlemagne, by Wido Count of the British March, and yet again by a third army of Charlemagne (Eginbard; Regin. Abb.; Conc. Wurm. A.D. 786; Ann. S. Nazar., Franc., Xantens.).

A.D. 818. Brittany again overrun by Ludov. Pius (Eginbard, Ermold. Nigell.), who also puts down there the British monastic rule and tonsure f.]