literary dialect of China came there also The colloquial dialect of the high easte families of Japan is understood with difficulty by the lower class, and the Japanese tongue possan us thron possess different series of numerala

The conlearence of the different races within Japano limits has boon an imperfoot one, Nippon, the mainland, harbons only a low settlements of the Ainu, but the medley race to which they gave origin still shows the heavy board, which is so extraordi maty a characteristic of the Ainu, Hourbeare thick also in south orn Japan, but are thinner in the central portions. Other marks of Ainu blood may be found in the dark complexion, the best Ture of the Comtek type, like features, wild rolling eyes, amall and an abnormal greed for salt.

To trace the Ainu type in Japan is less difficult than to find people typifying the race of the southern aborigines. Neverthe less there is in southern Japan a people with bronze complexion, deep not yes, flat face, with high cheek bones, flat nose, and Reanty, irregular beard, and hair also of irregular growth.

The off spring of the Niborian or Parlar race are large bodied, mensuring about 1.65 motors, their features are recular, oven beautiful, they have brown eyes, smooth hair, high foreheads, and dolichocephalic skulls, their deportment is quiet and dig nified. In the north of Nippon the complexion is much lighter, and, indeed, is often ruddy Two thirds of the intellectual classes, including the nobility, are composed of this raco

The propony engendered by the Malay race is ondor to distin guish in Japan than that of other mens, though there are various aubdivision of this type. The Malays are all bodied through out, their les are short and their skulle brachycephalie; they are impassionate, vivacious, with lurking, insidions look; hair rich and showing a curion, dark bluish hue, beard abundant and curly, temperament sanguine, One of the Malay anlapecina reminds us of the Homitic race, another of the southern Euro poans, and a third of the Hunholi on the east coast of Afrien

A striking character die of the first among them aulapocion in the Nomitic nous and the facial expression, reminding one of rabbie rather than of bedouins Baena of this kind we moet among the best class of Japan, even among the daimios, whereas the Malay typo is found only among the lowest of the population The ascund aub gooion is not unlike the souther Europeana, for many men with the fiery looler and well formed

cheeks appear like Spaniards or Greeks; their hair is curly and their complexion light brown, but the slanting eyes prove an Asiatic origin. The Kuli or laborer class comes nearest to the Suaheli negro, for the hair is woolly, the skull thick, the lips are heavy, and the motions of the mouth are accompanied by the indescribable grinning expression of the negro.

A racial connection between Formosa and the coast of Malabar and a possible origin of the negro or black race from the Dekhan has often been suggested, but not proved. Missionary Halbert has attempted to reduce Korean to radices of Dravidian languages.

But there are still other foreign elements in the Japanese population due to Korean and to Chinese immigration. During the period from the fourth to the seventh century of our era there were much travel and commerce between the two countries, and many artists, writers, and students, as well as traders and mechanics, left Korea to settle in the "Land of the Sunrise." The narrow and oval faces and spare beard found among the higher classes of the Japanese testify to this origin. The Chinese element in the population is supposed to form a tenth of the whole, though others make it a third, and this element is due to very ancient immigration. When the Han dynasty reigned, a Chinese prince settled in Kiu-shiu with a large retinue, and a legendary race, the Seki-manzi or "Stone-men" once came and resided in the same portion of Japan. The remoteness of these arrivals may be judged from the fact that the Chinese type is preserved intact, although in rare instances, but has suffered alterations through intermixture with Malay and Tartaric elements.-Correspondence of Dr Albrecht Wirth, translated by A. S. Gatschet.

REDBONES OF SOUTH CAROLINA.-Mr McDonald Furman, of Ramsey, South Carolina, who has given considerable attention to the Indian remnants of that state, has recently published in the Sumter Item an interesting account of the "Redbones" of Sumter county, South Carolina, a peculiar people, evidently of mixed Indian origin and probably akin to the Croatans and Melungeons of North Carolina and Tennessee. Although there is a percentage of negro blood among them, it seems that none of their ancestors were ever slaves, and their predominant characteristics are more Indian than anything else. They usually

intermarry among themselves. One of their most common family. names is Goins. The writer of this note formerly knew two brothers of this name in Indiana, who, although associating by necessity with negroes, always insisted that they were not of that race or of slave ancestry. They had the physical appearance of half-blood Indians, with a courtly politeness which Mr Furman particularly notes as characteristic of the Redbones. JAMES MOONEY.

MARRIAGE CUSTOMS OF THE SHANS.-Marriage celebrations among the Shans are rather unpretentious affairs. The ceremony varies from the simple arrangement of taking each other's word for it to feasts lasting several days among wealthy people; but in these cases the actual ceremony is a minor feature in the proceedings. The usual form among western Shans is for the couple to eat rice together out of the same dish in the presence of their relatives and the village elders. The bridegroom then declares that he marries the lady and will support her. More ceremony is observed among the Lu. The hands of the bride and bridegroom are tied together with a piece of string after they have eaten together, and an old man pronounces them duly married. The Hköns throw rice balls at each other and the couple during the ceremony. The newly married couple then go to their house, and split betelnuts are distributed among the relatives of the bride, who give money as a return present. Divorce is readily obtainable, but, except among young people of low rank, is comparatively rare. A man can have more than one wife if he can afford it. In case of divorce, the property is divided according to the laws of Menu, and the applicant for the divorce, when the desire is not mutual, or the person through whose fault the divorce is applied for, always loses considerably in the division.— Popular Science Monthly.

THE THIRTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT of the Bureau of Ethnology, just published, is of unusual interest. The accompanying papers are: Prehistoric Textile Art of Eastern United States, by W. H. Holmes; Stone Art, by Gerard Fowke; Aboriginal Remains in Verde Valley, Arizona, by Cosmos Mindeleff; Omaha Dwellings, Furniture, and Implements, by J. Owen Dorsey; Casa Grande Ruin, by Cosmos Mindeleff, and Outlines of Zuñi Creation Myths, by F. H. Cushing. As usual, the report is handsomely illustrated.

A MONTHLY BIBLIOGRAPHY OF ANTHROPOLOGIC

LITERATURE

COMPILED BY ROBERT FLETCHER, M. D.