The news of Ahmad Abdálí's rebellion daily increased, and the newsmongers from Láhore brought word that Mu'ínu-l Mulk had sent his mother and family to Jammu, where they would be safe out of reach of all pursuit. All the inhabitants of the city, seeing their ruler take flight in this manner, sent off their families to Dehlí and other parts to the south-east. When much negociation had been carried on, and Mu'ínu-l Mulk heard that Ahmad had reached the banks of the Indus, and was intending to cross, he sent him nine lacs of rupees.

As the pay of the chief officers and others in the Emperor's service was very great, and it had been allowed to run on for twenty-two months, on the 14th Rabí'u-s sání, the khwajas and peons of the harem, having left their posts, assembled at the large gate, which is called the Názir's gate, and, sitting down there, stopped the way for passengers and the supplies of water, grain, etc., which were being brought in and out. A disturbance threatened, and the Názir, Roz-afzún Khán, had that day sent in his resignation to the Emperor, because there were no receipts, and the expenditure from the treasury was enormous.

Ahmad Abdálí, leaving his encampment on the other side of the Ráví, crossed over with his troops, and pitched his tents near Láhore. Mu'ínu-l Mulk also crossed over, and encamped in the rear of the city, and preparations were made for battle. On the 1st of Jumáda-l awwal, Ahmad made a movement in advance with all his army, and a general battle took place. Rája Kora Mal was killed. Mu'ínu-1 Mulk, on hearing this sad news, gave up the battle, and began to reflect that Kora Mal, who had been the great opponent of peace, was gone, and as the Abdálís were fond of money, it would be far best to give them anything they wished, and make peace. He therefore sent a message to this effect. Ahmad, seeing that Mu'ínu-l Mulk's force was all scattered, considered this a favourable opportunity. He sent a message to Muʼínu-l Mulk: 66 My business was with Kora Mal: now that he is dead, go you into the fort, and remain there. I have nothing

to do with you or the city. The money which I have demanded from you, do you give me, either collected from the peasants, or from your own resources; then I will depart." Mu'ínu-l Mulk, being defeated, could not but consent to everything Ahmad proposed, and Ahmad's men took possession of the city, which they plundered.** After a time, Ahmad, having made presents to Mu'ínu-l Mulk, retired to Kábul.

CI.

BAYAN-I WAKI

OF

KHWAJA 'ABDU-L KARIM KHAN.

THIS is the title of the memoirs of Khwaja 'Abdu-l Karím Khán of Kashmír, which contain a very full account of the proceedings of Nádir Sháh in India, and of the reigns of Muhammad Shah and Ahmad Sháh. Part of this work has been translated by Mr. Gladwin, and an abstract of the author's pilgrimage to Mecca has been given by M. Langlès in his Collection Portative des Voyages (Paris, 1797-1835, 8vo.).

The following list of contents will show that the Bayán-i Waki' contains valuable materials for the history of the period of which it treats.

It is divided into five Chapters, each containing several Sections:

Chap. I. History of Nádir Sháh and his march to Hindústán -Sec. i. Family of Nádir Kulí Beg; Sec. ii. Downfall of the Safaví Dynasty, and rise of the Afgháns; Sec. iii. Contest with Malik Mahmud Shabistání; Nádir Kulí Beg obtains the title of Khán; Sec. iv. Battle of Sháh Tahmásp with the Afgháns who had taken possession of 'Irák and other places; the power of the Kazalbáshis, and death of Ashraf Sháh; Sec. v. Engagements of Tahmásp Kulí Khán with the armies of Rúm and of the Turkománs; deposition of King Tahmásp, success of King 'Abbás, and other events of the same nature; Sec. vi. Contests of Tahmásp Kulí Khán with the armies of Rúm, Bulúch and Túrkistán, and his overcoming the three

armies, after having been defeated by Naupál Páshá, the commander-in-chief of the army of Rúm; Sec. vii. Accession of Nádir Kulí Beg Tahmásp Kulí Khán to the throne of Persia ; Sec. viii. March of Nádir Sháh towards Hindústán, and devastation of the country; Sec. ix. Hostilities between the Emperor of India and the King of Persia: treaty of peace with which they concluded; Sec. x. Arrival of both kings at Dehlí, the metropolis of India, and the cause of the general massacre; Sec. xi. Events which happened after the general massacre.

Chap. II. Nádir's return to Persia, and his visit to Túrán and Khwarizm—Sec. i. Departure of Nádir Sháh from Dehlí to Kábul and Sind, and the deliverance of the people of India; Sec. ii. Events which occurred during his stay in Dehlí; Sec. iii. Nádir Shah's march towards Sind, ruin of the country, and imprisonment of its ruler; Sec. iv. Nádir Sháh's pursuit of Khudáyár Khán, festival of Nauroz, with the display of the plunder of India, and list of the presents distributed on the occasion; Sec. v. March of the King from Hirát to Túrán, and its conquest; Sec. vi. March from Balkh towards Bukhárá; Sec. vii. Interview of the King of Túrán with Nádir Sháh; Sec. viii. Events which occurred during Nádir's stay at Bukhárá; Sec. ix. March of the King from Bukhárá towards Chárju, and his war with the Túrkománs, whom he conquered, with some other events which happened during that period; Sec. x. March of Nádir Sháh towards Khwárizm; Sec. xi. Return to Khurásán and Marv; Sec. xii. Journey to Mázandarán, and the events which occurred there; Sec. xiii. Translations of the Old and New Testaments.

Chap. III. Description of what the author witnessed in his journey from the capital of Kazwin to the port of HúghlíSec. i. Journey from Kazwin to Baghdád; Sec. ii. Tombs of holy men; Sec. iii. Author's journey to Mecca, viâ Syria and Aleppo, with a káfila; Sec. iv. Visit to Medína across the desert; Sec. v. Other events which happened on his way from Mecca to the port of Húghlí.

Chap. IV. Events from the author's arrival at the port of Húghlí to the death of Muhammad Sháh-Sec. i. A short account of Bengal, etc.; Sec. ii. Arrival of an ambassador from Nádir Sháh to the Emperor ; Sec. iii. March of Muhammad Sháh against Muhammad 'Alí Khán Rohilla; Sec. iv. Account of Nádir Shah's death; Sec. v. Death of the Nawab Zakariyá Khán; Sec. vi. Expedition of Ahmad Shah, surnamed Durrání; Sec. vii. March of Ahmad, son of Muhammad Sháh, to oppose Ahmad Shah Durrání; Sec. viii. Battle between Sultán Ahmad, son of Muhammad Sháh, and Ahmad Shah Abdálí; Sec. ix. Death of Muhammad Sháh, and a short account of his ancestors.

Chap. V. Events which happened during the reign of Ahmad Sháh-Sec. i. Accession of Ahmad Sháh to the throne; Sec. ii. Death of Muhammad 'Ali Khán Rohilla, the contests between his sons, and the quarrel of 'Alawí Khán and Nawab Káím Khán, son of Nawáb Muhammad Khán Bangash; Sec. iii. Short account of Nawáb 'Alawi Khán; Sec. iv. Assassination of Jawed Khán Nawab Bahadur, and the battles fought by Safdar Jang.

The conclusion contains miscellaneous matter relating to certain marvels, the saws and sayings of wise men, etc.

[The entire work was translated for Sir H. M. Elliot by "Lt. Prichard," and from that translation the following Extracts have been taken.]

SIZE-146 pages of 19 lines each.

EXTRACTS.

Nádiṛ Sháh had sent Muhammad Khán Afshár on an embassy to Muhammad Sháh, Emperor of Hindústán. But on account of the difference of opinion that existed among the nobles around that monarch, a long time elapsed, no answer to the letter was forthcoming, and the ambassador himself did not return. When Nádir considered the matter, he came to the conclusion that hostility towards him was intended by the nobles around the throne of Hindústán, and he made up his mind to march against Kábul.