MS. authorities is not given, there is no knowing what were the materials which he used as the chief sources of his information. SIZE-Large 8vo., 888 pages of 25 lines each.

EXTRACT.

The British, after the rainy season, in the year 1178 A.H. (1764 A.D.), marched upon Baksar, and in a pitched battle defeated Shujá'u-d daula, who retreated to Lucknow. The conquerors advanced upon Alláhábád, and laid siege to its strong fort, which surrendered after a short resistance; whereupon the Nawab was obliged to abandon all his dominions. The British had now under their entire control the conquered provinces; but they did not kill or plunder their subjects; nor did the rent-free holders and pensioners find any cause to complain. Shujá’u-d daula courted the alliance and support of Ahmad Khán Bangash, ruler of Farrukhábád, Háfiz Rahmat Khán, and Dúndí Khán, chiefs of Rohilla, Bareilly, and Anwalá, which they all declined. Then he repaired to Kálpí, but he was driven thence by the British.

At this time the Emperor of Dehlí made an alliance with the British, and the district of Alláhábád was assigned to him for his residence. He agreed to grant to the Company possession of the Bengal province, in return for which he was to receive annually twenty-five lacs of rupees. Moreover, seventyfive lacs were given to him as a present. After some years Muníru-d daula, revising the treaty, increased the payment to twenty-seven lacs of rupees; but when the Emperor returned to Dehlí, the stipulated payments were withheld. Shujá’u-d daula, making peace with the English, was restored to his dominions of Oudh, where he soon gathered great strength. In a few years Ahmad Khán Bangash, Dúndí Khán, and other famous Rohilla chiefs, departed this life, and of all the Rohilla chiefs there remained not one to raise the standard of sovereignty and Islám, except Háfiz Rahmat Khán, from Sháh-Jáhánpúr, Bareilly, and Pilibhit, to Sambhal. Shuja'u-d daula, with the aid of the English, invaded the territories of Háfiz Rahmat, who was

killed in battle; but the victory was entirely owing to British valour. The Rohilla country then came into the power of Shujá’u-d daula, and great distress fell upon it, for it was given up to his unrestrained desires. At length the Nawáb's excessive indulgence brought on him a severe disease. By the British directions he made a treaty with Faizu-llah Khán, son of 'Alí Muhammad Khán Rohilla, who obtained under it his hereditary estates of Rámpúr. Shujá'u-d daula, still labouring under his tormenting disease, removed from Laldong to Oudh, and there died. His son, Mirza Mání, succeeded him, with the title of A'safu-d daula.

CVIII.

JAM-I JAHAN-NUMA

OF

KUDRATU-LLAH.

THE "WORLD-REFLECTING MIRROR" was written by Shaikh Kudratu-llah Sadíkí, an inhabitant of Maví, near the town of Kábar in Rohilkhand. He quotes several authorities of the ordinary stamp, as well as all those mentioned in the Khulásatu-t Tawarikh, which he would evidently wish the incautious reader to believe were consulted by him also in original.

There is nothing novel in the work, but the Biographies at the end are useful. It was commenced in the year 1191 A.н. (1777 A.D.), and bears the same date at the end; but this is evidently a mistake, for, at the close of the Dehlí history, events are brought down to the year 1193 A.H. (1779 A.D.), "when twenty years had elapsed of the reign of Sháh 'Alam, and in every corner of the kingdom people aspired to exercise independence. Alláhábád, Oudh, Etáwah, Shukohábád, and the whole country of the Afgháns (Rohillas) are in the possession of the Nawáb Wazir Asafu-d daula, and the whole country of Bengal has been subjected by the strong arm of the Firingís. The country of the Játs is under Najaf Khán, and the Dakhin is partly under Nizám 'Alí Khán, partly under the Mahrattas, and partly under Haidar Náik and Muhammad ’Ali Khán Siráju-d daula of Gopamau. The Sikhs hold the whole súba of the Panjáb, and Láhore, and Multán; and Jainagar and other places are held by Zábita Khán. In this manner other zamindárs have

established themselves here and there. All the world is waiting in anxious expectation of the appearance of Imám Mahdí, who is to come in the latter days. Sháh 'Alam sits in the palace of Dehlí, and has no thought beyond the gratification of his own pleasure, while his people are deeply sorrowful and grievously oppressed even unto death." It is to be regretted that these desponding anticipations are not occasionally reverted to by the present fortunate generation.

The author gives us some information respecting himself at the close of his work. He tells us that his progenitors arrived in India as early as the time of Pirthí Ráj, and that he had a large body of foreign cavalry under his command at Sonpat. Some of his ancestors are buried in Sonpat and Ajmír, where they died waging holy wars. In course of time they moved into Rohilkhand, and Rája Táj Khán, of the Katehrzái clan, bestowed Mavi and twelve other villages in Kábar upon the family. There they have continued to reside, and amongst them have appeared several prodigies of excellence and learning. In the course of their genealogy, he states many anachronisms and other improbabilities, which throw doubt upon the correctness of the family tree.

CONTENTS.

Preface, p. 1-Introduction, Creation and Pre-Adamite Eras, p. 8-Chapter I. Adam and the Prophets, p. 27-II. Philosophers, p. 144-III. Kings of Persia, in four Sections (makálas), p. 150 -IV. Kings of Arabia before Islám, p. 197—V. The Prophet Muhammad, in five Sections, p. 206-VI. The 'Ummayide Khalífs, p. 362-VII. The 'Abbáside Khalífs, p. 402-VIII. to XX. The Sámánís, Ghaznívides, Ghorians, and other Dynasties, p. 421-XXI. Khúndkárs of Rúm, p. 491-XXII. Kaiásaras of Rúm, p. 494-XXIII. The Kháns of the Turks, in three Sections, p. 511-XXIV. Changíz Khán and his sons, in four Sections, p. 514-XXV. Branches of the Mughals, p. 540— XXVI. Tímúr and his sons, p. 546-XXVII. The Uzbaks, p.

563-XXVIII. The Safavís, p. 565-XXIX. The seven Climates and the Súbas of Hindústán, in two Sections, p. 570—XXX. The Rájas of Hindústán, in fifteen Sections, p. 592-XXXI. The Sultáns of Hindústán from Muhammad Sám to the present time, in five Sections, p. 630-XXXII. to XXXIX. Sultáns of the Dakhin, Gujarát, Thattá, Bengal, Jaunpúr, Málwá, Kashmír, and Multán, p. 864—Conclusion, Biographies of learned Doctors, Devotees and Saints, and a brief account of the Author, p. 925.

The only copy which I know of this work is a very clean and correct one, in the library of Sa'ídu-d dín Ahmad Khán, a gentleman of Murádábád.

SIZE-4to., 1378 pages of 21 lines each.