Pin, bim, "female," R. cow. The meanings, as well as the instances in Kwy, favour final t, which however is lost in modern Chinese dialects.

12. A jen, nin, "man." Used ideographically in wo "lie down," with E.

13. A pa, pat, "eight." Found in 451 fei "not." But this is better derived from fei "fly."

14. X yi, 7, ngai, nga(k), "cut," "rule." Found in 16a, 306, etc. 14a. Aju, 8, nip, "enter." Found in 121, artemisia, R. grass. 15. yeu, 3, tuk, "hand," "and," "another." Shok in 484, dok in 511. See 29, 69, 675, 681, 686. Uk in the Odes, Tyt. Shut in 103. Rhymes with tik 799, R. words, and with k'ak 309 in Odes. Ideographic in she, "place," 103; sheu, "receive," 447; shat, “kill,” 778; tsü, "take," 417. In the last it is perhaps tup.

Also sheu, tut, R. pʻu (strike).
See upper part of 360 yi, dik,

16. kieu, kut, "tie," "wrap up." 16a.si, tik. Found in t'ai 186. and 237 chi, "arrive at." See 70. 16b. I kan, k'am, "mouth of a pit or vessel." Found in hiung 109, where m has become ng. K'am in Kwy, R. hand. Phonetic in 151 kan, "sweet," and in ham, "hold," 444.

17. 、 pu, 4, pok, "to divine." Also fu, 3, pok, as in fu, "to arrive at." RR. words, walk. Fall, R. man.

17a. J kiung, 1, kong, "desert waste." Found in k'iung 206, which is the same word. The sound resembles that of hiang 280, which is also shang. See also 489 kang and 562 hung.

18. wang, 5, mong, " die," "disappear." Found in hwang 217, where it symbolizes "broad and desert vacancy," without connexion in sound, and in wang, 5, mong 488, where sound and sense agree. "little." Shau in 123 "few." Sha in 295 Shok in 484, 707. Shok in 484, 707. Final k occurs in 380,

18a. J siau, 2, sok, "sand." Siau in 380, 484, 407; and it may 123, 295.

be concluded to have been lost in 18a,

19.yü, gok, "in," "at." From 2. Yet in Kwy, with R. rice, above inscribed in f. Final t from k. Same as 21 yü.

20. F kan, 1, "a shield." Phonetic in 261 kien, 364 han, 653 kan, 895 kan. Also in 16, which is probably derived from it by contraction. 21. yü, 5, go(k), "in," "at." Hu in Kp, R. words, eye. Another form of 19.

21a.

kung, 1, kong, two hands held up respectfully. Found in kung, "together," 251.

22.

wu, 8, ngot, "high," "a stool." Resembles in form and sense ki "bench" 9. From man and one.-Sw.

23. ta, 7, dap, "great." Wasteful, R. heart. Load, carry a load, R. horse. Tap in Kwy with R. ear underneath, and this again is used as a phonetic with p'i, "skin," 170. T'at in Kwy, R. water. (T from p.) Found in yen, dam 413. Found in cha 529 with to "many" underneath, and with the sound yip in Kwy, RR. flesh, metal, eat, etc. See to "many" 265. Found in juan "soft" 527, and this phonetic is liap in Kwy with R. ear. These instances indicate final p in ta,

"great."

24. chang, 6, 7, dong, "staff," measure of ten feet. The lower stroke to the right is a hand grasping the staff. Phonetic in 739 shwang "clear," "cold," "fresh."

25. yi, tik, "to shoot." Dak in 176. Shak in 225 and 799. Yik 4 in Ty. Yik 8 in Tsy, Yh.

26. T hia, 6, 7, ge(t), "go down," "down." Japanese kudari "descend." Kw has one downstroke only.

27. I kung, 1, kom, "work." Kong in Kp, R. water. Found in k'ung "between" 250, king "straight down," the direction of flowing water 310, k'ung "empty" 384, kung "tribute" 646, hiang 827. Also in 321a, 1039, where final m is retained.

28. t'u t'o(t), "earth."

244, li "Chinese mile" 369.

Found in chi "arrive" 237, lau “old” This last has final k in Kwy. See ta, 8, dat, 885; t'ie, t'it, "iron," 888. Meu, mu, "thumb," R. hand. See 369.

28a.shi, 6, 7, zhi(t), "scholar," "learned man." Found in 313. Tin 814.

29.tsun "inch." Tok, shak, tsiak in 681, 1019. Zik in 240, 491. Nok in 636. The likeness in 942 disappears in old forms. Yet we find dzuk in Kwy for 942 with R. gem. T'sun is the sound with the sense "inch." Found with the sound lie, 8, lut in 334. Tsun in 748, 854.

30. t'sai, 5, da(t), "power," "wealth," "materials." Also pit in Kwy, close up, hide, R. door.

31.kung, 1, kong, "bow." Found in k'iang 359. Much connected in meanings with 27.

32. Z ki, 2, ki(t), "self." Found in 331. Also p'ei, pʻot, R. earth. 33. si, 6, 7, zi. Dze 6, and dzek in Odes.-Tyt. Nine to eleven A.M. To sacrifice, R. shi, announce.

33a. ♬ shi, 1, tit, "corpse." Chi, 5, dit, in 656; chan, tan, in 657, 671, 897, 833. Kuk in Kwy, R. nine (kieu). K'ut in 442 "crooked." 34. I jen, 7, nin, "sharp," "edge of a knife," "patient," R. heart.

Phonetic in 332.

34a. yen, 5, din, "walk slowly." Phonetic in 350 yen. See 141a. 35. ye, 6, dap, "and," "also," final particle of simple indication. Found in 165 yi, to and in 510 shï, “give.” A dental initial occurs in half of the examples. Final p is shown by the meanings which connect 35 with to "carry" 125, to "many" 265, tso "left" 136, and its kindred phonetics, ye, yep, "to draw," 289, and others. Final p, while lost in most examples, is preserved in 289 and some other phonetics.

36.tsi, 2, tik, "son."

37.kie, 4, kit, "alone," "solitary." See 1f kiue, where the downstroke has the sound kit, and is perhaps contracted from 37. 38. T k'i, 3, k'it, "to pray." Found in ki, "breath," 89a and 664.

39. to, 4, tok, t'ok, "leaf," bud appearing above the ground, sprout. Dzak in 210, for which dak in Kp. Young girl, R. woman. Dzak, "house," R. 40, mien.

40. tsien, 1, t'sin, "a thousand." To engrave, R. knife. To correct and reform, R. 162.

41.cho, 4, tak, "spoon," "draw water." Also pok, which occurs in pau "embrace" 168.

465. See 929.

Tik in Kp R. heart.

Yau, dau, dok in

42. si, 8, zik, dik, "evening." See 394 ye "night." From yue "moon," as seen at evening.

43.shan, 1, sham, "hair." Phonetic in shen, t'sam, 780. Perhaps also phonetic in 328, in 183, and in 829 siün, dim.

44. kieu, 2, ku, "past," "long time." Final k is probable from the resemblance in meaning to 153 ku, kok, "ancient," and to 3496 kieu, 6, 7 guk "old."

45. fan, 5, bam, "all." From 7. Bung in Kwy, RR. water, grass. Sw says that it is phonetic in feng "wind", referring to the outside line.

46.

the sound. 47.

wan, 5, ngan, "pill," "small globe." I often commences. This is changed from ng.

ch'a, 1, tap, "fork." Meanings favour final p. Seize hold of. Cross way. Cross branches. Quiver R. leather, kek.

48. J c'hwen, 1, t'on, "streams." Originally the same as R. water in form.

49.

sin, 1, "light in weight," "swift." Also shi, si, sip, ship, as in 899.

50. nü, 6, nok, "woman.' woman." ju "as" is nok in Odes, Tyt V.

50a.

Found in 188, 287. The latter,

yeu, 1, tok, "small." Found in 189, 287a, tik 619,

t'suk 620, sok 641.

51. ☐ k'eu, 2 k'ok, kok, "mouth," any orifice. Kok in kok, "each," "every," 272; ku, kok, "valley," 338; kau, kok, "tell," 342; kau, kok, "high," 622; ke, kek, "to separate," 649; kwok "suburbs" 727. Evidence favours final k in 169, 194, 378, 153, 497, 441, 544, 306. Gok occurs in 330. Kit in ki "good luck"

By clear majority of

243. Gat in hai "injure" 610 and in 262. instances the old final was k. T was formed from it.

51a.kwo, 1, kak, "kingdom.” Final k occurs in 497, R. water, hak, "dried up," 794; kwo, kok, "kingdom." Also hiung, 1, kong, and the same in fact as 17a and 206, kiung, "waste." Also k'wun, kon, as in k'wun "confined in a circle" 377; R. wood inclosed, 499 k'iün "granary;" 702, hwun "boar."

52.shan, 1, "mountain." Phonetic in twan, 606, which retains the old t that has become sibilated in 52. Mam, name of a place, R. stone. Mam, R. mouth. In the Wu dialect this last means. give the breast. See in Kwy. 52a.

c'he, 4, t'et. Found in c'hu "go out" 207, with sound t'ut, and in kü"crooked" 442, with sound k'ut. See 693, chi. 53. teu, 2, to(k), "ten pints." Final k is inferred from 41, 1d, etc.

54. fang, 1, pong, "square." Phonetic in 615. Pong in Kp, and is there used in spelling 475 with R. bamboo. But 475 never appears with initial f. Hence 54 was formerly pronounced with p.

55. ♬ hang, 5, gong, "neck," "strong," "sincere," "vestige," "tracks," "ditch," "resist," "boat," "greedy," with the appropriate radicals.

56. wen, 5, mun, "literature," "the characters," "beauty." Phonetic in 830.

57.

58.

pien, 1, pin, "law," "method," "Rejoice," R. heart. yin, c'hen, 5, dim. Phonetic in 398, and in t'san 813. 59. hwo, 2, kat, "fire." Used in modern writing for hwo, kap, "associate," "partner," for which kwo, kap, 605, is usually employed. Possibly final t may be from p. But the Mongol is gal "fire"kat. The phonetic value of 59 is dik in 352. Also yen, dam in 400, and in 398 as sometimes written.

60. sin, 1, tim, "heart." Phonetic in 403 tiem.

61.

yüen, 5, ngen, "origin." Phonetic in wan "to finish" 294. 62. tsing, 2, tam, "a well." Called tam in Kwy, with a # dot in the middle. Also keng, 1, kang, "to plough," R. plough, R. field. The character was chosen to express ploughing because it represents the old division of land round each city in nine squares. From it comes the character hing, "punishment," 222, according to one etymology.

63. fu, 1, man, "husband." "Bran," R. wheat. "Hatchet," R. metal. Support with the hands," R. hand. Pak in the Odes, Tyt V.

65. Ewang, 5, gong, "king," "feudal prince." From this come k'wang 223, 353, and hwang 574.

65a.tai, ta(t), “bad.”

In Kw corpse below mouth. A new character used for one in the Li shu, where pu, "divine," takes the place of the horizontal line at the top.

66. Jū ngě, wei, ngek. Wak in Kp R. feu "hill." See 267. 67.tse, 4, tak, "bent," "crooked." From 2a.

opposite." A hand with a

68. fan, 2, pan, "turn over," "opposite."

covering radical.

69. yeu, 5, tsieu, duk, "excessive," Found in 803, which see for proof of k final.

70. 4 kung, 1, kong, "arm." arm." So called from its curved shape, which is represented pictorially by the two lower strokes. The two upper are one of the hand symbols. The lower part is found in kung "just" 116, and in hung "great" 156.