Jonathan, BROTHER, the name popularly applied to the United States, as JOHN BULL is to Great Britain; originated in Washington's humorous allusion to JONATHAN TRUMBULL (q. v.), governor of Connecticut, the only colonial governor who favored independence.

Joncaire, or Jonquière, JACQUES PIERRE DE TAFFANEL, MARQUIS DE LA, naval officer; born in La Jonquière, France, in 1686; entered the navy in 1698, and in 1703 was adjutant in the French army. He was a brave and skilful officer, and was in many battles. He became captain in the navy in 1736, and accompanied D'Anville in his expedition against Louisburg in 1745. In 1747 he was appointed governor of Canada, but. being captured by the British, he did not arrive until 1749. He died in Quebec, May 17, 1752.

Jones, CHARLES COLCOCK, clergyman; born in Liberty county, Ga., Dec. 20, 1804; received his theological training at Andover and Princeton Theological Seminaries; was ordained in the Presbyterian Church, and became active in the work of educating the negro race. His publications include Religious Instruction for Negroes in the Southern States; Suggestions on the Instruction of Negroes in the South; and a History of the Church of God. He died in Liberty county, Ga., March 16, 1863.

Jones, CHARLES COLCOCK, lawyer; born in Savannah, Ga., Oct. 28, 1831; graduated at Princeton in 1852; admitted to the bar of Georgia in 1856; during the Civil War he served as colonel of artillery. Among his historical works are Monumental Remains of Georgia; Historical Sketch of the Chatham Artillery; Life of Gen. Henry Lee; Commodore Josiah Tatnall; Jean Pierre Purry; Richard Henry Wilde; Siege of Savannah in 1779; De Soto and His March through Georgia, etc.

and entered the navy as a midshipman in 1799. He was an officer of the Philadelphia when she was captured at Tripoli. In 1810 he was made commander, and when the War of 1812-15 broke out he was in charge of the sloop-of-war Wasp, in which he gained a victory. He commanded the Macedonian, in Decatur's squadron, as post-captain. After the war he commanded the Mediterranean squadron; was a commissioner of the navy board; and governor of the naval asylum at Philadelphia. Congress voted him thanks and a gold medal and several States presented him with swords. He Jones, HORATIO GATES, lawyer; born died in Philadelphia, Aug. 3, 1850. in Philadelphia, Pa., Jan. 9, 1822; gradu- Jones, JAMES ATHEARN, author; born ated at the University of Pennsylvania in in Tisbury, Mass., June 4, 1790; received 1841; was admitted to the bar in 1847: a common school education, and engaged became connected with many historical in journalism in Philadelphia in 1826; societies. His publications include History later was editor in Baltimore, Md., and of Roxborough and Manayunk; Report of in Buffalo, N. Y. His publications inthe Committee of the Historical Society clude Traditions of the North American of Pennsylvania on the Bradford Bicen- Indians, or, Tales of an Indian Camp; tenary; Andrew Bradford, Founder of the Letter to an English Gentleman on Eng

lish Libels of America; and Haverhill, commander the first salute ever given to or Memoirs of an Officer in the Army of Wolfe. He died in Brooklyn, N. Y., in August, 1853.

the American flag by a foreign man-of-war. In April he scaled the walls of Whitehaven, in England, on the borders of the Irish Sea, and spiked thirty-eight cannon.

Jones, JOHN MATHER, journalist; born in Bangor, North Wales, June 9, 1826; came to the United States in 1849; was In 1779, while cruising up and down the founder of the Welsh town of New the east coast of Scotland, between the Cambria, Mo., and also of Avonia, in Kan- Solway and the Clyde, he tried to capture In 1865-74 he was the owner and the Earl of Selkirk, in order to secure a publisher of The Mirror, the first Welsh notable prisoner for exchange. He had newspaper established in the United been an early friend of Jones's father. States. He was the author of a History His seat was at the mouth of the Dee. of the Rebellion (in Welsh). He died

sas.

in Utica, N. Y., Dec. 21, 1874.

Jones, JOHN PAUL, naval officer; born in Kirkbean, Scotland, July 6, 1747. Before he was eighteen years old he commanded a vessel that traded with the West Indies. Jones came to Virginia in 1773, inheriting the estate of his brother, who died there. Offering his services to Congress, he was made first lieutenant in the navy in December, 1775, when, out of gratitude to General Jones, of North Carolina, he assumed his name. Before that he was John Paul. He was a bold and skilful sea rover, gathering up many prizes. Made captain in the fall of 1776, he raised the first flag ever displayed on a United States ship-of-war the Alfred. He destroyed the Port Royal (N. S.) fisheries, capturing all the vessels and freight. In the summer of 1777 he Jones anchored his vessel, the Ransailed in the Ranger to Europe, and in ger, in the Solway at noon, and with February, 1778, received from a French a few men, in a single boat, he went to a

JOHN PAUL JONES.

wooded promontory on which the earl's tember, while Jones's squadron lay a few fine estate lay, where he learned that his leagues north of the mouth of the Humlordship was not at home. Disappointed, ber, he discovered the Baltic fleet of forty he ordered his men back to the boat, when merchantmen (convoyed by the Serapis, his lieutenant, a large and fiery man, pro- a 44-gun ship, and the Countess of posed to go to the mansion and plunder Scarborough, of twenty-two guns), it of the family plate. Jones would not stretching out from Flamborough Head. listen to the proposition, for the memory Jones signalled for a chase, and all but of old associations made his heart tender the Alliance, Captain Landais, obeyed. towards Lady Selkirk, who had been very While the opposing war-ships were makind to him. Again he ordered his men noeuvring for advantage, night fell upon back, but they and the lieutenant, eager the scene. At seven o'clock in the evenfor prize-money, in defiance of his ex- ing of Sept. 23, 1779, one of the most despostulations, went to the house and de- perate of recorded sea-fights began. The manded the plate. The frightened Lady Bon Homme Richard and Serapis, Captain Selkirk surrendered it with her own Pearson, came so close to each other that hands. When the prizes of the Ranger their spars and rigging became entangled,

were sold Jones bought this plate, and sent it back to Lady Selkirk with a letter in which he expressed his regret because of the annoyance she had suffered.

and Jones attempted to board his antagonist. A short contest with pike, pistol, and cutlass ensued, and Jones was repulsed. The vessels separated, and were soon placed broadside to broadside, so close that the muzzles of their guns touched each other. Both vessels were dreadfully shattered; and, at one time, the Serapis was on fire in a dozen places. Just as the moon rose, at half-past nine o'clock, the Richard, too, caught fire. A terrific hand to hand fight now ensued. Jones's ship, terribly damaged, could not float much longer. The flames were When it ceased, he cruised along creeping up the rigging of the Serapis, the Scottish coast, capturing many prizes and by their light Jones saw that his and producing great alarm. Late in Sep- double-headed shot had cut the mainmast

During the spring and summer of 1779, American cruisers were very active, both in American and European waters. At the middle of August Jones was sent out from the French port of L'Orient, with five vessels, to the coast of Scotland. His flag-ship was the Bon Homme Richard. As he was about to strike some armed British vessels in the harbor of Leith a storm arose, which drove him into the North Sea.