bishops in England, iii. 228; and against the Queen's Colleges, 274 Placemen. See Officers under the Crown
Pledges, by members to constitu-
ents, considered, ii. 70 Plunket, Lord, the character of
his oratory, ii. 120; his advo- cacy of Catholic relief, iii. 146, 150
Police, modern system of, iii. 403 Political associations, commence-
ment of, ii. 265, 268, 270; for Parliamentary Reform, 269, 383; Protestant associations, 272-277, iii. 96; anti-slave trade, 1i. 277, 404; democratic, 279, 281, 315, 324, 328; proceeded against, 292, 304; suppressed, 329, 343, 359; associations for suppress- ing sedition, 290, 367; for Ca- tholic relief, 368; finally sup- pressed, 375; for repeal of the Union with Ireland, 393; Orange lodges, 400; trades' unions, 404; the Chartists, 407; the Anti- Corn Law League, 413 Ponsonby, Mr., chosen leader of the Whigs, ii. 182 Poole, borough, electoral corrup- tion at, i. 338
Poor laws, the old and new sys- tems, iii. 405; in Scotland and Ireland, 408 Population, great increase of, in the manufacturing districts, ii. 352; its effect on the position of the Church, iii. 211 Portland, Earl of (1696), the enormous grant to, by William III., recalled, i. 229 Portland, Duke of, headed the 'coalition,' i. 65; assisted George III. in opposing the Army Ser- vice Bill, 106; in office, 108 Post Office. See Letters, Opening
Potwallers, the electoral rights of, i. 331
Poynings' Act, the, iii. 303
Presbyterians, in England, iii. 67; in Scotland, 68, 74; in Ireland, 70, 268. See Church of Scotland Press, the, under censorship, ii. 239; from the Stuarts to ac- cession of George III., 240-246; the attacks on Lord Bute, 247; general warrants, 249; the pro- secutions of, 1763-1770, 250; publishers liable for acts of ser- vants, 252; the rights of juries in libel cases, 253-263; the pro- gress of free discussion, 264, 337, 364, 376, 383; caricatures, 265; laws for repression of the press, 318, 327, 330, 348, 358; the press and foreign powers, 332; the press not purified by. rigour, 366; complete freedom of the press, 379; fiscal laws affecting, 380; public jealousies of, 382. See also Opinion, liberty
Prince Regent. See Wales, Prince of Printers, contest of the Commons
with, ii. 33, 39. See also De- bates in Parliament Prisons, debtors', iii. 32; improved state of, 401
Privileges and elections committee, trial of election petitions before, i. 363
Privileges of parliament. See Par- liament; Crown, the Protection, &c., against Republi- cans' Society, the, ii. 291 Protestant associations, the, ii. 272, iii. 97; the petition, and riots, ii. 273, iii. 97. See also Orange Societies Protestant Dissenters Ministers Bill, iii. 134
Protestant Catholic Dissenters, biil for relief of, iii. 106 Public meetings, commencement of political agitation by, ii. 265, 268; riotous meetings of the silk-weavers, 226; meetings to
support the Middlesex electors, 268; for Parliamentary reform, 1799, ib.; in 1795, 315; in 1831, 386; of the Protestant Associa- tion, 273, iii. 97; to oppose the Se- dition and Treason Acts, ii. 324; in the manufacturing districts, 1819, 351; for Catholic relief, 373; for repeal (Ireland), 393; of the trades' unions, 405; the Chartists, 407, 410; the Anti- Corn Law League, 413; laws to
79, 80; compelled the sheriffs to pay over the damages, 80 Queensberry, Duke of, his rights as a peer of Great Britain and of Scotland, i. 286, 288 Queen's Colleges, Ireland, founded, iii. 273; opposition from Catho- lic clergy, 274
Quoad sacra ministers, the, in the Church of Scotland, iii. 249
restrain public meetings, 319, RA
343, 359 Public money, difficulties in the issue of, caused by George III.'s incapacity, i. 214; motions for, to be recommended by the crown, ii. 103
Public Opinion. See Opinion, Liberty of; Press, the; Politi- cal Associations; Public Meet- ings
Public Works Commission, the, separated from Woods and Fo- rests, i. 255
Publishers, criminally liable for acts of servants, ii. 252 Puritans, the, under Queen Eliza- beth, iii. 65; under James I. and Charles II., 71, 75; num- bers imprisoned, 76. See also Dissenters
UAKERS, number of, impri-
Qushed, temp. Chas. 11., iii. 76;
motions for relief of, 112; ex- cepted from Lord Hardwicke's Marriage Act, 151; admitted to the Commons on making an affir- mation, 177. See also Dissenters Qualification of members, the Acts repealed, i. 448
Quarter Sessions, courts of, county rates administered by, iii. 297; efforts to introduce the repre- sentative system into, ib. Queen's Bench, Court of, the deci- sion in favour of Stockdale, ii.
Rawdon, Lord, moved dress to the Prince of Wales to assume the regency, i. 182 Reeves, Mr., his pamphlet con- demned, ii. 325
Reform in parliament, arguments for, i. 393; advocated by Chat- ham, ib.; Wilkes, 394; the Duke of Richmond, ih.; the Gordon riots unfavourable to, 395; Pitt's motions, 396; discouraging effect of the French Revolution, 402; Earl Grey's first reform motions, 403; Sir F. Burdett's, 406, 407; Lord John Russell's, 408-413; Mr. Lambton's, 410; Lord Bland- ford's, 412; disfranchisement bills for bribery, ib.; O'Connell's motion for universal suffrage, 416; the dissolution of 1830, 417; impulse given by French Revolution, ib.; storm raised by Duke of Wellington's declara- tion, 418; Lord Brougham's mo- tion, 420; Lord Grey's reform ministry, ib.; the first reform bill, 421; ministers defeated by the Commons, 141, 423; sup- ported by the crown, ib., 424; the dissolution of 1831, ib.; the second reform bill, 142, 424; the bill thrown out by the Lords, 142, 308, 424; proposed creation of peers, 143, 312, 425; resig- nation of the reform ministry, 143, 312, 426; they are sup-
See Aliens Regent, the Prince.
ported by the Commons and re- | Reformatories instituted, iii. 403 called to office, 143, 312, 426; Refugees. the third bill passed, 142, 312, 427; the act considered, 427; Scotch and Irish reform acts, 429, 430; the Irish franchise ex- tended, 430; the political results of reform, 153, 431, ii. 96; bribery and bribery acts since reform, i. 431, 439; triennial par- liaments, 441; vote by ballot, 445; reform, later measures for, 450; obstacles to parliamentary reform, 458; carried by the Whigs as leaders of the people, ii. 196; influence of, on parties, 230; on official emoluments, iii. 386; on law reform, and amend- ment of the criminal code, 387, 393; on the spirit and temper of the judges, 392; on the condition of the people, 404; on commer- cial and financial policy, 415; on Parliament, 422; the first re- form meetings, 268; and in Ire- land, iii. 318; reform discour- aged from the example of the French Revolution, 284, 360, 364; repressed as seditious, 292- 299, 313, 351; cause of, pro- moted by political agitation and unions, 383; review of reform agi- tation, 392; in abeyance during the last years of Lord Palmers- ton, iii. 428; revived by Earl Russell in 1866, 430; his reform bill, 431; its disastrous issue, 433; position of Earl of Derby's ministry in regard to reform, 435; their reform bill 1867, 436; how amended, 436; its ultimate form, 437; the Scotch Reform Act, 1868, 440; other supple- mentary measures of reform, 441; constitutional importance of these measures, ib.
Reformation, the, effect of, upon England, iii. 61; doctrinal mode- ration of, ii. 64; in Scotland, 68; in Ireland, 70
Prince of Regency Act, the, of 1751, i. 168; of 1765, 171-174; the Princess of Wales excluded by Lords, and included by Commons in the Act, 173; the resolutions for a Re- gency Bill (1788-9), 180; pro- posed restrictions over the Re- gent's power to create peers, 278; the resolutions accepted by Prince of Wales, 185; the bill brought in, 189; its progress in- terrupted by George III.'s re- covery, ib.; comments on these proceedings, 190; comparison of them to the proceedings at the Revolution, 192; the Regency Act of 1810, debates thereon, 208; resolutions for a bill agreed to, 210; laid before the Prince, 213; the act passed, ib.; the Regency Act of 1830, 221; the Regency Acts of Her Majesty, 223 Regent, the office of, the legal de- finition of, i. 183 and n. See also Wales, Prince of Registration of births, marriages, and deaths, Act for, iii. 192 Religious liberty, from the Refor- mation to George III., iii. 60- 82; commencement of relaxation of the penal code, 88; Corpora- tion and Test Acts repealed, 157; Catholic emancipation carried, 168; admission of Quakers to the Commons by affirmation, 177; Jewish disabilities, 186; registration of births, marriages, and deaths, 192; the Dissenters' Marriage Bill, ib. ; admission of dissenters to the universities, 195; dissenters' chapels, 199; church rates, 201. See also Church of England; Church in Ireland; Church of Scotland; Dissenters; Jews; Quakers; Roman Catholics
Reporters. See Debates in Par- liament
Representation in Parliament, de- fects in, i. 328. See also Reform in Parliament Revenues of the crown, its ancient possessions, i. 225; forfeitures, 226; grants and alienations, ib.; increase of revenues by Henry VII. and VIII., 227; destruc- tion of the revenues under the Commonwealth, 228; recovery and subsequent waste, ib.; re- straints on alienation of crown property, 229; constitutional re- sult of the improvidence of kings, 230; settlement of crown reve- nues by parliament, 231; the revenues prior to the Revolution, ib.; the civil list from William III. to George III., 232; settle- ment of the civil list at the ac- cession of George III., 234; charges thereon, 236; the sur- plus of hereditary revenues, 243; regulation of civil list, 244; other crown revenues, 235, 245; the loss of the Hanover revenues, 247; the Duchies of Lancaster and Cornwall, 248; private pro- perty of the crown, 249; pro- vision for the royal family, ib.; mismanagement of the land reve- nues, 253; proposal for sale of crown lands, 254; appropriation of the proceeds, 255; pensions charged on lands and revenues, 256
Revenue commissioners, disqualified
from sitting in parliament, i. 370; -Officers Disfranchisement Bill carried by the Rockingham ministry, 61, 348
Revenue laws, restraints of, on personal liberty, iii. 25;-- offices thrown open to dissenters and Catholics, 111, 157, 168 Revolution, the, parliamentary government established at, i. 1; position of the crown since the
Revolution, 2; revenues of the crown prior to, 231; the system of appropriation of grants to the crown commenced at, ii. 99; and of permanent taxation, 106; effect of on the press, 243; the church policy after, iii. 77
Revolutions in France, the effect of, on reform in England, i. 402, 405
Revolution Society, the, ii. 281 Rialton, Lady, case of, cited on the Bedchamber Question,' i. 157
Richard II., the revenues of his crown, i. 226
Richmond, Duke of, his motion respecting the regency, i. 172; for reduction of civil list, 239; statement as to the nominee members, 361; advocated par- liamentary reform, 394; his mo- tion on the Middlesex election proceedings, ii. 23
Roache, Mr., opposed Mr. Wilkes for Middlesex, ii. 14 Rockingham, Marquess, dismissed from his lord-lieutenancy for op- posing the crown, i. 23; made premier, 33; his ministerial conditions, 34; influence of the crown in parliament exerted in opposition to him, 36, 39; dis- missed from office, 40; his second administration, 60; car- ried the contractors, the civil list, and the revenue officers bills, 61, 241, 258, 348, 373, 389; and the reversal of the Middlesex election proceedings, ii. 26; de- nounced parliamentary corrup- tion by loans, i. 385; his motion condemning the resolution against Wilkes, ii. 19; moved to delay the third reading of a land-tax bill, ii. 102; Whigs restored to power under, 151, 229; his death, 151; his administration consent to the independence of Ireland, iii. 315
Rolls, Master of the, sole judge not disqualified from parliament, i. 375 Roman Catholics, the first Relief Act, 1778, ii. 272, iii. 96; the riots in Scotland and London, 97, 98; the Scotch Catholics withdraw their claims for relief, ii. 272, iii. 98; the penal code of Elizabeth, iii. 63; Catholics un- der James I., Chas. I., and Cromwell, 71-74; the passing of the Test Act, 77; repressive William III.-Geo.
I., 79-81; the Catholics at ac- cession of Geo. III., 82, 89, 94; their numbers, 83, n.; later in- stances of the enforcement of the penal laws, 96; bill to restrain education of Protestants by Ca- tholics, 99; the case of the Protestant Catholic Dissenters, 106; another measure of relief to English Catholics, 1791, 106; first measures of relief to Catho- lics in Ireland and Scotland, 110, 111, 322; the Catholics and the militia, 114; effect of union with Ireland on Catholic relief, ii. 174, iii. 115; Catholic claims, 1801-1810, 118-132; the Army and Navy Service Bill, 126; the Regency not fa- vourable to Catholic claims, 133; freedom of worship to Catholic soldiers, 134; the Catholic Ques- tion, 1811-1823, 136-150; treated as an open question, 140, 149; Acts for relief of Naval and Military Officers, 143; the Catholic Peers Bill, 147; the Catholic Question in 1823, 149; efforts for relief of English Ca- tholics, 151; the laws affecting Catholic marriages, 152, 153; Office of Earl Marshal Bill, 154; Sir F. Burdett's motion, 155; State provision for Catholic clergy carried in the Commons, 156; the Duke of Wellington's
ministry, ii. 191, iii. 156; repeal of the Corporation and Test Acts, 157; Catholic relief in 1828, 162; the Act, ii. 192-195, iii. 168, 335; the Catholic peers take their seats, 174; Catholic eman- cipation too long deferred, 175; number of Catholic members in House of Commons, 176; Bills for relief in respect of Catholic births, marriages, and deaths, 188-193; final repeal of penal- ties against Roman Catholics, 200; numbers, &c. of, in Eng- land, 222, 223; in Ireland, 268; the papal aggression, 227; the Maynooth and Queen's Col- leges, 270; exclusion of Irish Catholics from the Corpora- tions, 293; from the Parlia- ment, 299, 303; number on Irish bench, 336. See also Corporations
Roman Catholic Officers Relief Bill, the, iii. 143
Romilly, Sir S., his opinion on the pledge required from the Gren- ville ministry, i. 110; his jus- tification of the purchase of seats, 344; his efforts to reform the penal code, iii. 396
Ross, General, his complaint to the house, of court intimidation, i.
75 Rothschild, Baron L. N. de, the
admission of, to Parliament, ii. 84; returned for London, iii. 182; claims to be sworn, 183
Rous, Sir J., his hostile motion against Lord North's ministry, i. 57
Royal family, the provision for, i. 249-253; power of the crown over, 262; exempted from Lord Hardwicke's Marriage Act, 263
Royal household, the, a question between the Whig leaders and the Regent, i. 126; the bed-
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