came, sat down by his side, and cried: "Let us wail together for your child, my dear." Then the Raven began to sing his wailing song and said: "Your legs are thin." The Deer sang: "Your legs are lean." The Raven wished to have the Deer for food. (He said: "Don't scold me," and pushed him so that the Deer fell down the precipice near which he was sitting.) He began to eat him at his anus. He opened him and skinned him. Then his sisters came and carried the deer home. They cut it, boiled it and it served as their food.

5. THE ORIGIN OF THE MINK.

Sx'umk'ts wa It burnt the alai'k'.

E'noxmaqs qumaito'o sk'a

once.

he rose

and

In the morning ne'ix. Nuk ali'k'ti sõnxtx sx'umā'lus fuel. At noon the sun burnt all wa slax wa L'umsta'tx. Slaxs the many the Many

ta

men.

Sk x nalustōkts ti
He broke his bones the

ta
the

sōnx ats alai'k'.

sun

once.

sk'a t'o'kyas ala qênk ats.
and
minks at below (were.)

XLME'nas ti
The daughter of the

Snx t'aix
Snx he

İL

the

Sx uma lustusq
He burnt everything

L'apskto'o qoa'x

t'aix that one sk'a qoa'ls He went the Raven (as) spike of fir qoale'm iL mE'nas ti eldest one the daughter of the qlatx. Qaaxlama'nix isqto'o ta qoa'lstx. the spike.

water.

She drank

mnastx
his son

6. THE CREATION OF THE SUN.

Snx
Snx

wa

the

a'nuxyêks slax wa went to get fuel the much the wa so'nx ats, sk'a atamā'nauts sun, and they died xtsamk⚫tsut ta Lumsta'tx'. the ska taia'mkits and threw him

swam

men.

Translation.

A long time ago the sun burnt everything. T'otqoa'ya (mythical name of mink) burnt everything. He arose in the morning and went to get fuel. At noon the sun burnt everything and many people died. Many people (jumped into the water and) swam. Then Snx broke the bones of his son, he threw him down (from the sky) and he became a mink.

NOTE. This refers to the tradition of Mink or T'otqoa'ya, who was the son of the sun god (Snx) and of a woman. He was maltreated by men and visited his father in the sky, ascending to heaven in one version on the rays of the sun, Snx's eyelashes; in another version along a chain of arrows which he had made. He carried the sun in his father's place, but disobeyed the instructions of the latter, approaching too near the earth. Then the woods began to burn, the rocks to crack and the water to boil. Snx caught his son, flung him down and transformed him into the mink.

T'otqoa'ya
T'otqoa'ya

wa namo's wa
the
four
the

oaxê'nk down

x'na'suks.
girls.
UL ta qlatx. Lap anaik sqtô'o
to the water. Fetch she wished to

Snx t'aix sk'a qā'axlas uL ta
Snx that one and drank

at the

Atsiwilkta'mk'imts qoa'x She became pregnant with the Raven

Sk a

And

Mösqna'mkimts
After four days

anoai'k'sqts

he wished

qoa'x aL to aik tx.] the Raven in the past.]

mnastx. his child.

SmLk tx salmon

ta nusxe'mtatx. [AL to
the having the daylight. In the

ti the

qoa'x

the Raven

Lapskuts
He left

sk'a
and

qoa'xtx

Raven

koaloxĕ'mteniL axk'aai's it grew daylight when he went up the Raven. He wanted to have every

qoa'x

SkuLuma'atli'oas

thing

S'anoai'k'sqts
He wished

ta the

Asqusnōte'mq

X'ta mānstx. He always brought him food the his father.

mots iL. L'aptuskoaluqtô'o sk'a mother the. He gave her to eat and Nutaiamk ix ́ēmtô'o tu s'e'natiskoaalō'tx She threw them down the presents of food

tsaatste tx sk'a youth and ska ixq''ms.

and

he went.

sk a
k''ix'ōmats
and he did not know
tu tsitsipē'tx. Tk'sna'nix'isqtô'o
He hit it

the

bird.

t'aix UL that one to his he wishes to and yai'aLkunis to paqeyê latx. Oaxê'nk'. he played with the He went down. ska koana'ts, s'yaiaxmists to paqeyê'latx. and crying, he played with the

box.

box.

sk a
and

qoa'x the Raven is ta ma'nstx. of the father.

ta the

child:

ta mnastx: "Ska mal anoai'kats sk'a ye'ixmis." Ska
"And
to play." And
Tsaiautsqto'o qoa'x
He stopped the Raven

Translation.

Snx had four daughters. The Raven went. (He transformed himself into a) spike, which dropped into the water, (from which) the eldest daughter of Snx used to fetch water. She drank the water and swallowed the spike. She became pregnant and after four days she gave birth to the young Raven. The little Raven wished for the box in which they kept the daylight. [It was dark in the past. There was no sun and it grew daylight when the Raven went up. He wanted to have everything in the past.] He wished to play with the little box of the father. Then Snx said to his child: "He wishes to play with the box." (She gave it to him) and he played with the box. Then the Raven stopped crying and played with the box. (He finally took it out of the house and broke the box. Thus the sun was liberated.)

aiktx
past

nunusqoaxE/msq

it cried

7. THE BOY AND THE SALMON.

ta the

Ti sōnx it was dark. The sun

s'ênL.

ta the

noosqona'mk'imts she gave birth to që'qtë aL ti little one for the

sk'a ye'ix mis and to play with S'e'Lioks ti Snx He said the Snx

Sx ilik tsktô'o iL
She grew angry

ē'natis presents of food

SmLk. salmon.

to the

sk'a aiaLtō'm UL ta and she spoke sxlix lik tums ska ixq'E'ms he grew angry Lapak stoo sk'a

went

and
tk six rasqtx'
he shot it

and

He left smLk tx. salmon.

sta/ntihis step

the iL x'nas iL. the woman the.

L'aputsqtô'o

Tsk tsqtô'o

He arrived

ta the

ta the

tsutkō'its'êk spoke

tsi

the

L'aptusktô'o
He took it

smLk tx. Axkōts 'ēk!k is tsāatstē'tx

Salmon.

Not

he saw it klx esqto'o.

he saw it.

ti k'a the

Stsux emsqlô'o ta
He jumped the
x'k'ix a'lasnix'is
he should look for

iL. the.

Nuk tsa'axtsōtskts
He came ashore

UL ti apsĀ’L ti tk!xiLikoots

at the town the

we see it
Iaxoë'mqtô'o ta SOLS
He waked him (at) the house of
ta apso’Ltx tsutsule'ttsx.
(a bird).
Lk 'imsqtô'o

UL
at the

town of
tsutsule'ttsx.
(birds).

He said

smā'o ala

one

at

oqxe'mq ta
down (?)
the
axse'ms
and he should pull his blan-
ket over his head

ti the

ias ti k'a sma'o. good was the

one.

Lk'Emsqtô'o
He said
tsaitse'tx sk'a
youth
and

sk'a
and

ska
and

ta

the

ta nutqa'l'axitas ta smuk tx the youth the bone of the nape of the Salmon Laptutsqtu'ts sk a qtsa'mkis. He gave it to him and he threw him into the water.

ta the

ta smLk tx: "Tqtsa'salmon: "Throw

the

tsaate'tx tu
youth the

SmLk.tx
Salmon

ta the

ta smuk tx. "Wix to'tsa sk'a tsk !x til sk'a iaxtsi'nō
the Salmon.
"Those and we see them and I awake you

maLyanix'ix Salmon: "When you like it koxlō'lemx' ats sk'a ai'ōtsnō UL êns." Ska country speak to me." And ta SOLS IL tsutsule't the house of the (bird)

and

Lapaktu'ts
They left
qulExlēlē'ts i ska
(bird)

it
Ua'litktuts
They went on to
isutau'; tsk tatu'ts
paddled; they arrived
iana'xtsq
tu ti
she was pretty the

the

and

L'apa'ktuts sk'a uali'tk. Tsk taktu'ts UL ta apso’Ltx ta

and

went on.

at

the

town

the

They left iL qoaqoa'os iL. the (bird)

They arrived Ōmaktô'o ta apso’Ltx ska aLaxoai/xstom the. They went ashore at the

town

and he went into the houses

qtsa'mk'ix's he threw him into the water

smLk; Lapa'kts. Lk 'imsqtô'o ta Salmon; he left. He said the tu tsaatste tx. "Axtx qeoxô'mnō," the youth. Not uncover your head,"

64

[March 1,

ta tsaatste tx. Aiotsqto'o ta tsaatst'e'tx:
the youth.
He said the
aiōtsqtô'o
he said
SX'uLamisa'lō;
forbade it:
talau'salo UL iL qoaqoa'os iL." Lapsqto'o
marries
at the (bird) the."

He left

sk'a
and

t’aix.” Tskitaqtwo un ta apso/Ltx.

that one." They arrived at the town.
t'êx Lala'tx. Lapaqtu'ts; tsk taqtu'ts
(a bird).
They went; they arrived
S'nuyamlsq s'amit wa s'nuya'mtau
They sang always they
smLk tx: "Ka

sang

talau'sau.
they married.
aiō'tsq

ta smuk tx: "S'ax
he said the Salmon:
"Not

UL ta at the x'na'sitx. woman.

Lala'sqts. his canoe.

ta the

"Si'as ix Lo malo iL,"
youth "She is pretty the one she,"
Lk'Emsqtô'o ta smLk.tx
He said
Salmon
ne'nits ti k'a
survives he
UL iL
to her

the
ti ka
he

SOLS iL house of the

Uali'tktuts. They went on. SOLS house of

tsäatste tx
youth

sk'a and

Xemsqtô'o, amtsqtô'o,

It got day,

he arose,

ta the

iL.

her.

aiō'tsmis

ta tsäaste'tx: he said the youth:

ta the

iL

the

ta the

sqaptstx.
sqapts.

x'ix'na'sētx."
girls."

UL ta SOLS at the house of

stutix qtuya ta

that one

the

tai'a ta

E'lōsitqtuts
They avoided

she laughed.

pretty the
Laputsaqto'o tu t'litx sk'a iLqoltimotau'. Aiōtsqto'o tu tsāatstē'tx,
They left the t'li and
the youth,
Lk imsqto'o
smLk tx:
he spoke
Salmon:
sq'oa'Lnanau
they are merry

He said
wa
(in)

ti koakonā'tē. the crying much.

sāmL iL. Tso
SămL her.

ta smatЕmx'au'tx ōmaktô'o sk'a aLēlaxtō'm. the their people

? k'utsix'a'tx

landed and ōmataLau'tuts They landed koxlô lêmx• country

ta the

Aiōtsaqtô'o

He said

"Wa si'as

smLk tx ska tu to La'las
Salmon and the

canoe

apsō'Lau sk a

their town

and

Wa sia'nau
"They are glad
S'iLiLq'ōltimōtau'." Ualitktu'ts.
they laughed."
kapai iL. Ska
kapai' her. And

Smtix koe'lots'iq They went on. They reached sxsqts ska apsō'L iL k''apai' bad was the town of the k''apai' uai'stx; ō'maqtuts. Sk'a silver salmon; they landed. And AL lexoau'. K!xitqto'o qnusēmqto'o tsaatstē'tx x'ta smLk.tx they looked much. he sighted the youth and the UL amatau' tu ti x'nasē'tx snut'axma'qx. Amteisqtô'o at where they the He was sitting there

SOLS iL
house of the
Ualitktu'ts
They went on

He saw

Salmon taam

Women

bathed.

Lumstane'tx

al

Lutsō'oLisqtô'o

a man

at the bank of

ta the

Lumsta'tx ti x'q'oe'lok atx:

men

the

?

and

bathed.

and

They exchanged their cloths "Slutsō'oLa'nix'iL." Stwi'nmau "We will exchange cloths." They came tu x'ix nase'ix sk'a nut'axmau'. Lapaktô'o ska the girls They went Lapsktô'o tu sx'anuta'xtis. He came the he washed them. tsaatste tx. youth. Le'psutaqtô'o UL ta SOLS They returned to the house of the

tsāatstē'tx youth Laputsaqtô'o They left

sk'a nusqā'axma

and

cried

qxtsamx tsutau'. went into the water. Xuēnēmuktaktô'o ta They recognized him the sk'a pā'axōnau. and were afraid. iL sāmL IL. Talau'skuts tsāastē'tx samL her. He married her the youth UL iL samL iL, sk'a smō'a axnē'mōtskts x'ti s'ênL, to the samL her, and he thought the night, lanx'qma'lkō. XLmEna'lx's ta tsaaste/tx nuLno's. Lapa'k qts He got children youth two. They made it ready ta kyē'nau they visited

Luas two

one

seasons.

the

wa

Tsk taqtô'o
They arrived at

ta

"Good is the

UL ta SOLS ta
to the house of the

s'axtsk atEmaL. Lapaktu'ts

not he

was dead.
tu sqāptstx:
the sqåpts:

They left
"Sti
"A

ta kôxlāaxō'ts ta nuqla'tx.

the water.

māns ta father of the

UL
at

mans ta staate/tx ti father of the youth the

ta He lifted the net the

K'sisqto'o

ta SO'LS the house of

sk a Lapau'ts
and they left
tsaatste tx.
youth.

x'a
the

sk'a
and

āmats ta where the

ta the

ta t'litx. the tli.

aLqp aL ta silma'k tx being above at the salmon weir tsaatsē'tx youth

q'Eltsx'tx. rope of bark.

Xuēnēmutsqto'o
He recognized him

kx is saw him

x'q'ulx tx. old one.

ta

the

wa

to

a ta at the

Aiots to'o

Nitxumsqto'o ta sta apsō'Ls ta They came to his house those of the town the tsāatstē'tx nusqtsōlimx a'lstx. Östxsqtô'o He said youth they should clean the house. He entered UL ta SOLS tr manstx. Lats'ä'x sqts tsāatstē'tx the house of his father. He related the youth stsais : tu iqtx anoai'k mi Smuk tx. Aiō'tsau all of them: "the cedarbark salmon. They say smLk tx K'stute'mqx salmon

at

tu they desire the

x'ta

iqtx." the cedarbark." They bit each other

sx êk tne'mktuts they struck each other ska u'alix's she deserted

and

tsāatstē'x
youth

swintste'm they fought

ta

the

sk'a

and

Lapskuts. "IL

they went.

"The qtEmtstx.

her husband.

x'ta

the

ta the

mänstx father of SiLmak txs. salmon weir.

ta

the

aLpstute'm
they eat it

wa

stutix 'ktuya

that one

ska
and

ta the

Lu'mstatx

man

mnastx. Ti He

son.

sxix lix'tE'ms"
are angry"

tu the

Translation.

The father (of a youth) brought him always food. Then his stepmother grew angry. When (the father) gave her to eat she threw the food which he had presented to her down. She scolded his son. Then the youth grew angry and left. He (went into the woods) without knowing where he went. He went on and he tried to shoot a bird. His (arrow) hit a Salmon. He heard the Salmon cry. When the youth came to the Salmon the latter said: "Throw me into the water." The youth took him and threw him into the water. The Salmon jumped (but did not swim right). Then the Salmon told the youth to look for one of his bones (which was missing). At first the youth did not find the bone of the nape* of the Salmon, but then he found it. He gave it to him and threw him (again) into the water. Now he was perfect. Then the Salmon came ashore in his canoe. He went down to the canoe. The Salmon told the youth to lie down and to pull his blanket over his head. "Don't uncover your head," said the Salmon "I shall awake you when we come to a town." They went and arrived at the town of the birds t'êx Lala'tx. They went on and arrived at the town of the birds tsutsule'ttsx. They were singing all the time. The Salmon said: "When you like a country you must tell me. Now he liked this one. They landed and went to the house of the bird. Then they went on and paddled. They arrived at the house of the bird qulExlēlē'ts, and she was a pretty woman. They left and went on. They arrived at a town (where there was) the house of the bird qoaqoā'os. They went ashore and the youth went into her house. He said: "She is pretty," and he married her. The Salmon forbade it and said: "Nobody survives who marries the bird qoaqoã'os." The

* This means probably the soul, which is believed to be located in an egg-shaped bone in the nape.