TYPICAL CHOLERA HOUSE, OVER FILTHY OPEN DRAIN.

No. 1.-This picture and the several succeeding illustrations show the abominable shacks-hot-houses for bubonic plague and Asiatic cholera-which form such a large proportion of the habitations of Manila. There are 18,463 buildings in the city, of which 3,739 are good, 1, 135 bad, 1,472 small, and 12,117 classed as shacks.

TYPICAL NATIVE WATER-CLOSETS.

When the Americans assumed control all drainage
Arrangements like those which are shown here occur

No. 2.-Manila has no sewage system, though it has a population of 250,000.
was by open conduits. Many of these conduits have since been covered over.
at frequent intervals along the shore, and are breeding places of disease.

A TYPICAL CHOLERA CENTER.

No. 3.-When the cholera invaded the city these pestholes were burned, the owners being in every case reimbursed for their loss.

FAROLA DISTRICT AFTER BURNING OF INFECTED BUILDINGS.

No. 4. The municipal authorities are making the experiment of building model tenement-houses on some of these burned
The people pay the same rent that they formerly did in their wretched shacks.

areas.

NATIVE MARKET, SHOWING SHACKS" BACKING UP AGAINST FILTHY OPEN DRAIN.

No. 5.-It is believed that cholera was introduced into Manila in some vegetables imported from China. Market places like this quickly helped to spread the disease. The authorities caused them to be abandoned and remodeled or rebuilt them.