No. 6. The municipal authorities have built four new markets in Manila, of which the Divisoria is the largest. The markets are not only sanitary, but are sufficiently profitable to pay interest on the money spent on their construction, 600 houses were remodeled, cleaned, and made habitable, and hundreds of shacks burned to the ground. In addition to all this, a systematic effort was made to immunize the susceptibles of Manila against bubonic plague by means of the Shiga antipestic vaccine. The work was begun on the 15th of January, 1902. From that date until the 15th of March over 25,000 persons were inoculated. The lower classes, including the Chinese, cocheros, laborers, servants, peddlers, etc., with their wives and children, who are the occupants of the lower floors and nipa houses, were especially selected for immunization. The government laboratory furnished from two to three hundred doses of the antipestic vaccine daily, but on account of the large number requiring immunization, it was necessary to cable Professor Kitasato, of Tokyo, for additional vaccine, and 50,000 doses were received from that source. The work was performed by native physicians, under the direction of Dr J. V. Tormey, medical inspector. This long fight without rest day or night had told on Dr Meacham. When the battle was over and the plague had been driven from its last haunt, he collapsed. His strength was exhausted, he was unable to fight for himself, and died on April 14, 1902. It is unfortunate for the United States that the man who freed the Philippines of bubonic plague, Dr Franklin R. Meacham, and the man who freed Cuba of yellow fever, Dr Walter Reed, should both pass away the very moment their great work had been accomplished. The plague had barely been defeated when Asiatic cholera attacked the city. Strict quarantine of infected districts and the burning of them when the disease became too violent, the closing of wells, a careful inspection of all vegetables, and a continuation of the cleansing of the city habitations checked the ravages of the disease, but could not prevent its spread. The water supply was kept from contamination by the rigid patrol of the United States Army, or conditions would have been many times worse. Several thousands died in Manila and about 100,000 in the provinces where the disease could not be controlled. IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CITY OF MANILA The board of public works is preparing plans for converting the large field in front of the Luneta, known as Camp Wallace, into a recreation ground open to everyone, where such sports as baseball, football, cricket, polo, and lawn tennis may be enjoyed. A part of the field will be devoted to a children's playground, modeled as nearly as possible after similar places in the United States. There is in preparation a plan for a city park, laid out with broad drives and walks, and also an aviary and zoological reserve, and all other elements of a modern park. With STREET WORK, CARRIED ON BY FILIPINOS UNDER AMERICAN INSPECTORS, SHOWING HEAVY STONES USED IN RAISING THE STREET ABOVE THE LOW GROUND. No. 8.-All the streets in Manila have been reconstructed since American acquisition. New roads and new bridges are being the building of the electric railroad such places will be accessible to every-one. The botanical gardens on the Paseo de Bagumbayan have been improved and extended until they approach their former state under Spanish management. Originally this park had many beautiful trees and plants and a splendid collection of orchids, but nearly all of these, with the exception of the larger trees, were destroyed during the siege of the city and the insurrection. During the last few months the deer park has been completed, neatly fenced with wire, and stocked with a number of deer of different kinds from the various islands of the archipelago. There is also a monkey cage, and from time to time the animals and buildings are being added to. This is a very popular resort with all classes, especially the Filipinos. The department of public works in Manila employs about 1,714 officers, mechanics, and laborers. Laborers are paid $1, 80 cents, and 60 cents per day, while a few subordinate assistants receive 50 cents and 40 cents a day. Wages are paid monthly. Ordinary labor is plentiful, while skilled labor is scarce. On the whole, Filipino labor has been very successful, but its value has been considerably hampered by the numerous fiestas and the after effects, such as laziness and extended absences. No Chinese are employed. The day consists of eight hours' work. The labor costs about 25 per cent more than it does in the United States, and is of an inferior quality. AMERICAN DEVELOPMENT OF THE PHILIPPINES G OVERNOR TAFT, in his last annual report, states that "the wealth of these islands must always be their agricultural products." Formerly the Filipinos produced enough from their fields and forests to be selfsupporting; but as a result of long years of internal disturbances, the loss of 90 per cent of the carabaos from the rinderpest, and the recent devastation by cholera, most of the rice fields and farms have become overgrown with rank vegetation, and lately there has been widespread famine. Congress at its last session appropriated $3,000,000 to relieve the distress in the islands. Half of this sum will be used immediately to import thousands of carabaos from Ceylon and India to be sold to the people at cost price. Meanwhile experts of the insular government have been devising means to help the farmers. A serum has recently been discovered which will protect the carabao inoculated with it from the rinderpest, so that carabaos may now be safely imported. Tubes of locust fungus, obtained from Dr L. O. Howard, of Washington, have been distributed and have checked the plagues of locusts. In one instance 64 bushels of dead locusts were found in the vicinity of a place where eight or ten locusts, infected with the fungus, had been released, and the remainder of the swarm had disappeared. A soil survey has been organized and has begun to examine the land in different sections of the islands to see whether new varieties of plants may not be introduced. Other experts have been trying to improve the native varieties by careful selection. Already the government has received applications asking for information from more than one thousand persons, mainly Filipinos, distributed throughout the archi |