Delectus Epigrammatum, says that all the costly and excellent preparations which Rochette had made for his great work, the Greek Anthology,-and he had labored twenty-five years on it,—were, towards the close of life, and in his poverty, sold for a small sum; and no one now knows what has become of his papers. Speaking of this "man of elegant and various learning," he exclaims, Utinam tam felix quam doctus!

JAMES MORELLI, the celebrated librarian of Saint Mark, in Venice, was born in that city in 1745, and died in 1819. In 1802, he published a volume, containing the examination and collation, with the texts of the better editions, of 260 Greek manuscripts of the Venetian library. Many of the classical critics of Europe, particularly Wyttenbach, Chardon Rochette, and Villoison, were greatly indebted to him for his friendly aid. At his death, he left to the library an extensive collection of manuscripts, which he had procured for himself, and 20,000 pamphlets. Well might Ruhnken say of him, Morellius, quem fugitivorum, ut vocantur, opusculorum nullum unquam fugit.

P. 143. JEAN BAPTISTE GAIL, was born in Paris, in 1755. In 1791, he was made professor of Greek in the College de France. In 1814, Louis XVIII appointed him superintendent of the Greek and Latin manuscripts of the royal library. He lectured for many years on the Greek language and literature. His most valuable labors were his French translations and his editions of Greek authors. His edition of Thucydides, with a Latin and a French version, various readings, and notes, in ten quarto volumes, was a work of external splendor. Wyttenbach could not, of course, afford to have a volume soiled, though the whole was a present. In a letter, dated 1810, Gail says, have sacrificed to this Thucydides from ten to twelve years' labor, and forty thousand francs. With the most favorable sale, I must lose, at least, fifteen thousand. Is the insolence of my adversaries to be my only reward?" He had the mortification to see Corai preferred to him by Napoleon, and he complained bitterly of literary cabals. In fact, Gail has fared much better in the English and Dutch reviews than elsewhere; and he certainly had some singular notions, such, for example, as that the cities of Delphi and Olympia had only an imaginary

existence. He translated Matthiae's Greek Grammar into French. He died in 1829.

P. 144. THE MARQUIS LOUIS DE FONTANES, member of the Institute, a poet, celebrated in the writings of Chateaubriand, and a statesman and orator, whom Napoleon highly honored. After passing through a great variety of offices, literary and civil, he was, in 1808, made le grand-maître de l'Université, or the minister of education for all France.

P. 146. To protect our library.-We have, in this instance, a very favorable specimen of that system of plunder, by which the French brought to Paris the most precious and rare books, manuscripts, and productions of art to be found in the libraries and galleries of the conquered countries. We have seen not a few of these, which were restored, after the battle of Leipsic, to the German libraries, still wearing the "red jackets," as the morocco binding is called, which they received in Paris.

H. C. A. EICHSTAEDT, of Jena, is ranked among the most accomplished of modern Latin writers, and is, in other respects, also, a distinguished classical scholar. He was born at Ossig, near Meissen, in Saxony, in 1772. At the age of eleven, he entered the Schul-Pforta, and, at the age of fourteen, the university of Leipsic, where he studied under Morus, Beck, and Reiz. Soon after taking his degree, he became private teacher, and then professor extraordinarius in Leipsic. In 1795, he succeeded in obtaining a place in Jena, where he divided his time between teaching, and aiding Schütz in his Literary Journal. On the removal of Schütz to Halle, in 1803, Eichstaedt was appointed professor ordinarius of eloquence and poetry in Jena, where he still remains. It was he that commenced the New Literary Journal in Jena, in opposition to the Journal which Schütz had taken with him to Halle. Eichstaedt's paper continued till 1841. On account of its having too many young men among its contributors, it had been declining for several years. A new Jena paper, of superior character, has since appeared, under the auspices of Professor Hand, an honored rival of Eichstaedt in Latinity, as well as in

other respects. Diodorus and Lucretius are the principal, if not the only authors edited by Eichstaedt, and these are unfinished; but he has written numerous essays of the highest character, on classical subjects. He is almost universally respected among the scholars of his own country, although it would appear from private correspondence, that he was somewhat trickish in his younger days.

P. 147. LEWIS PURGOLD, an excellent man, and a fine scholar, was several years teacher in the gymnasium at Wiborg, and, in 1815, was assistant in the Royal library of Berlin, where he died of the apoplexy, in 1821.

G. A. F. AST, so well known for his writings on Plato, and whose death we have so recently had occasion to lament, was born in Gotha, in 1776. After studying in the gymnasium of his native city, he entered the university of Jena, where he began to study theology, under Griesbach and Paulus, but soon gave himself wholly to classical literature, under Eichstaedt. In 1805, he was appointed professor of philology in Landshut, and when that university was united with Munich, in 1826, he was removed to the latter place, where he remained till his death, in 1840. His ardor for the philosophy of Schelling was much abated in his later years, and philology became more exclusively the object of his pursuit. His life of Plato, and his large Platonic Lexicon, are among his best productions. He is too often hypercritical, particularly in his earlier writings, and in his lexicon, finished but a short time before his death, he has hardly met the high expectations that were raised.

My notes on Julian, etc.-The Critical Epistle, mentioned a few lines above, is the one which he wrote at Göttingen, while under Heyne, and which was his principal recommendation to Ruhnken. Schäfer added this to his edition of Julian's Eulogy on Constantine. To the Leipsic reprint of Wyttenbach's Morals, 1796-99, which contained only one volume in two parts, Schäfer added notes of his own. The Tübingen edition of Plutarch's complete works came out in fourteen volumes, 1791-1805, under Hutten's care, who, in the last seven volumes, made much use of Wyttenbach's labors. Schäfer's moral character is such, that we cannot allow our impressions of him to be materially

changed, from the fact that he attempted to furnish the German student with a cheap edition of a work which few professors even could afford to purchase, at the enormous Oxford price.

P. 149. This new war." Napoleon, in his ambition, and in his hostility to England, violated, in 1803, under various pretexts, the Luneville treaty of 1801, and the treaty of Amiens, made in 1802, and Holland and Hanover were seized and occupied by the French. Thus the war, which had scarce been ended, broke out again with still greater violence.”—Kraft.

P. 150. CHRISTIAN DANIEL BECK, professor of ancient literature, in Leipsic, after laboring as academical teacher with great success for more than fifty years, died universally lamented, in 1832, at the age of seventy-five. He left a library of 24,000 volumes. Though his studies were spread over a very wide field, they were always connected with philology, in which he was peculiarly at home. His influence upon the numerous young men, who flocked to Leipsic to enjoy his instruction, was very great. It was he that established, in 1785, the Philological Society at Leipsic, which was finally adopted and patronized by the government, in 1809, when its name was changed to Philological Seminary. His various literary productions consist chiefly in editions of the classics, translations, bibliographical works, and academical essays, technically called Programms.See Passow's account of Beck, in his letters to Breem and Hudtwalker, where, however, it must be remembered, that if Beck was a little dull in his manner, Passow was as much too fiery, and his estimate is, therefore, to be received with a little allowance.

P. 151. You surely had good reason for declining.-" Soon after the appearance of the Prolegomena (1795), Wolf received, through Ruhnken's influence, a call to the university of Leyden, in Luzac's place. He was much inclined to accept the proposal, and took preliminary measures for it. The facilities which Leyden offered to the philologist, and the literary society there, held out great inducements. According to his usual custom, he consulted his friends on the subject."-Körte's Life of Wolf.

William von Humboldt dissuaded Wolf, urging the insecurity of every thing in Holland, at that time of disorder. J. H. Voss thought he had better remain where he was. Spalding advised him to accept the appointment. He finally wrote a reply to Ruhnken, declining the offer, of which the following is the substance, as given by Körte: "I am here surrounded with numerous friends, and have many hearers; and am, besides, nearly the only one in this place to sustain our studies. I prefer teaching, to writing for the press. I have here a sure support, which is adequate to my wants; for one can live here, if he be economical, very respectably on one thousand rix dollars. Finally, my office imposes on me no duty to which I am adverse.

* The professorship of eloquence, which I hold, is nothing. Halle eloquence is a ludicrous sort of thing; it never has a voice, except when a king is married or dies. I have never delivered an oration here, except on the death of Frederic the Great.”

P. 157. And the commentary.-The commentary was never published.

P. 158. AUGUSTUS MATTHIAE was born in Göttingen, in 1769. He commenced his studies in the gymnasium of the same place, and then prosecuted them in the university. His principal teacher was Heyne, in whose Philological Seminary he took an active part. In addition to philology, he studied zealously the philosophy of Kant. After spending nearly ten years as a private tutor in Amsterdam, where he formed the acquaintance of Wyttenbach, de Bosch, and Huschke, he returned to Germany, and through Heyne's recommendation, became teacher in a new Institution in the Belvidere Palace at Weimar; and on its extinction, in 1801, he was appointed rector of the gymnasium at Altenburg, where, for more than thirty years, he distinguished himself as a successful teacher and author. His knowledge of languages was not limited to those of the ancient world; he was well acquainted with the Dutch, the English, the French, and the Italian. Besides his Greek Grammar, which has been translated into English, French, and Italian, he has published an edition of Euripides, in nine volumes, Cicero's Select Orations, and his Select Epistles, Sketch of Greek and Roman