[BISHOPRIC OF CANDIDA CASA OR WHITHERNE.]

a The Chron. de Lanercost names Walter of York as consecrator. But inasmuch as Gray was in London at the Parliament in the beginning of A.D. 1255, was an old man and ill, and died at Fulham May 1 of the same year, it is probable that he did not consecrate at Richmond in Feb. in person, but only gave his commission for the purpose.

b This election and confirmation after the consecration, and the dates seem established beyond reasonable doubt,-could only have been performed with the purpose of having all

THOMAS, A.D.

forms technically complete according to the York view of the case. Henry was manifestly elected in some form or other in 1253 (Chron. de Lanercost), inasmuch as Baliol demurred at that time to the election as (upon his view of the matter) invalid.

The Bishop of Durham had refused obedience, as being made to the individual Bishop, not to him and his successors. Consequently these renewed professions do not imply any special rebelliousness at this period in the Bishops of Whitherne.

1294-1319 (?).

A.D. 1294. Jan. 13, John (Baliol) King of Scotland, to John Archbishop of York, desiring him not to consecrate Thomas de Kircudbright, chaplain to Robert Bruce, elected Bishop of Candida Casa by John Prior of Whitherne and the canons, because he had been elected, "non per inspiracionem vel viam caritativam, sed per quandam compromissionem, quæ symoniaca conversacio per aliquas certas personas excogitata est ;" and from "Robert de Brus," on the other hand, urging his consecration (Reg. Joh. Rom., Hutton MS. Harl. 6970; and Hist. Papers, &c., 104, 105). Feb., York, "Contentio super jurisdictionem, vacante sede Candide Case, inter Capitulum eiusdem et Archidiaconum eiusdem; Archidiaconus vendicat eum sibi pertinere ex consuetudine sed Archiepiscopus probavit esse suam ex registro Walteri Gray Archiepiscopi :' whereupon the Archdeacon's proctor admitted the claim, and offered amends, "quam dictus Archiepiscopus benigne admisit, volens super emenda plenius deliberare, processu temporis, cum sibi et suo consilio videbitur expedire " (ib.). May 30, Cawood, Thomas makes his formal and detailed profession to Archbishop John Romanus, "qui me de premissis per librum corporaliter investivit" (ib.). June 30, invitations to Bishops of S. Asaph and Carlisle to join in the consecration of the Bishop of Whitherne at Ripon (ib.; the Chron. de Lanercost, calling him Thomas de Daltown, supposes him to have been actually consecrated at Ripon, Aug. 15). Oct. 10, "crastino S. Dionysii," in the parish church of Gedeling, Thomas is consecrated by the Archbishop and the two Bishops above-named (Reg. Joh. Rom., ib.). A.D. 1296. Aug. 28, "vint utime," Berwick-upon-Tweed, Thomas Bishop of Candida Casa (with Robert of Glasgow and Henry of Aberdeen) swears allegiance to Edward I. (Rym., I. 844, and Hist. Doc. Scotl., II. 65); and so also, same day and place, Maurice Prior of Whitherne with his convent (Hist. Doc. Scotl., II. 69); and accordingly, Sept. 2, same place, among other Scotch ecclesiastics, the Bishop has a writ to restore his lands, addressed in his case "Vice-Comiti de Cumb'." (Rym., I. 845); and Sept. 1, same year and place, a writ occurs respecting a debt due by him (Hist. Doc. Scotl., II. 87). A.D. 1297. Jan. 13, and 1298. June 12, Letters of Presentation for livings in the diocese, addressed by the English

[BISHOPRIC OF CANDIDA CASA OR WHITHERNE.]

King, but merely "Episcopo Candida Casa" (ib. 161, 287). A.D. 1303. April 16, Burton near Beverley, Thomas de Kircudbright, Bishop of Candida Casa, professes obedience to Archbishop Corbridge (Reg. Corbridge). A.D. 1305. April 13, Westminster, writ of Edward I., "De Exequiis Johannæ Reginæ Franciæ Exequendis," addressed to the Bishops of all his dominions, reckons the Bishop of Candida Casa among those of Scotland (Rym., 1.971): same year, Oct. 21, "Commissio facta" (in the diocese of York) "Thomæ Episcopo Candida Casæ, altaria dedicare, ecclesias et cimeteria reconciliare, et Christianis pueris ordinem affectantibus in clericulis primam tonsuram conferre" (Reg. Dec. et Capit. Ebor., sede vacante post m. Corbridge, who died Sept. 22, A.D. 1304). A.D. 1306, Sept. 20, the church of Carnemole appropriated to the see of Candida Casa by Archbishop Grenefield, on account of the poverty of the see (Reg. Grenefeld; and Hist. Papers, &c., 175-177). A.D. 1307. Dec. 13, letters to Scottish Bishops, etc. from Edward II., and among others to the Bishop of Candida Casa, to assist in keeping the peace against the King's enemies in Scotland (Rym., II. 22). A.D. 1309. Feb. 24, Dundee, "Discussio Juris Succedendi in Regnum, declarata per clerum (in a Council of Scottish clergy), where Thomas Bishop of Candida Casa among others declares for Robert Bruce (Acts of Parl. of Scotl., I. 100): same year, Oct. 12 (Clement V's. Bull of excommunication against Bruce, for the murder of Comyn, being dated May 21, A.D. 1309), the Bishops of Durham and Candida Casa are directed to publish the excommunication of Bruce (Reg. Grenefeld). A.D. 1310. April 11, " 100s. and an honest hospice at York against the time of our Council," granted to Thomas Bishop of Candida Casa by the Archbishop of York (Reg. Grenefeld). May 20, he is present as a suffragan of York at the provincial Council held there against the Templars (ib., and W., II. 394): and likewise A.D. 1311, May 24, and onwards, at a second Council held there on the same subject (ib.). A.D. 1311. May 30, Thomas Bishop of Whitherne joins at York in consecrating Richard Kellaw to the see of Durham (Reg. Grenefeld, etc.): and July 1, at Thorp, the Archbishop of York commissions Thomas Bishop of Candida Casa to remove Walter Bishop of Coventry and Lichfield from the King's prison at York to the Archbishop's, as a matter of Church liberties (Rym., II. 138): and July 29, York, Thomas Bishop of Candida Casa solemnly absolves the Templars who had submitted (Reg. Grenefeld, and W., II. 400): and same year has a grant of £20 for his services as suffragan (Reg. Grenefeld). A.D. 1313. Sept. 27, parish of Snaith to pay 40s. pro reconciliatione cimiterii sanguinis effusione polluti," to Thomas Bishop of Candida Casa, appointed for the purpose by the Archbishop of York, or else the church to be interdicted (ib.): and A.D. 1314, Sept. 18, Blith church interdicted for

[BISHOPRIC OF CANDIDA CASA OR WHITHERNE.]

non-payment of like dues to the same Bishop Thomas (ib.). A.D. 1314. Sept. 20, royal licence to the same Thomas to visit his diocese, stay there, and return to England, "pro voluntate sua" (Rot. Scot. p. 131 b): same year, Dec. 5, "Penitentia Walteri de Hamerton pro non solvendo pecuniam Domino Candida Casa Episcopo pro dedicatione capella de Conseby" (Reg. Grenefeld). A.D. 1319. July 12, York, presentations to various churches by Edward II. include some addressed, "Episcopo Candida Casa" (Rym., II. 481), but with a blank for the name, leaving it uncertain whether Thomas was still living: probably however Thomas was the Bishop intended, inasmuch as his successor Simon, although apparently elected (in some fashion or other, not recognized by the see of York) before A.D. 1321, was not consecrated until A.D. 1327, and the presentations seem to imply that the see was still filled in A.D. 1319.

See vacant, A.D. 1319(?)-1326.

A.D. 1321. July 6, "Oct. of SS. Peter and Paul," Wedale, Simon "Divina miseratione Candida Casa humilis minister," permits Melrose Abbey to rebuild S. Cuthbert's chapel (old Melrose), which had been destroyed by the English (Lib. de Melros, II. 390). But the authenticity of the date is doubtful. A.D. 1322. Nov. 24, 17th Robert Bruce, a charter of that King implies the see of Whitherne to be then vacant (Harl. MSS. 4628). A.D. 1323. April 19, Cawood, Archbishop Melton to the Cardinal Deacon of S. Heliodorus, complaining that the Bishop elect of Candida Casa was seeking confirmation and consecration from the Pope instead of from himself his proper metropolitan (Reg. Melton, in Cott. MSS. Vesp. C. xvi. 108).

SIMON, A.D. 1326-1354.

A.D. 1326. Sept. 25, ("die Martis prox. post fest. S. Matt."), Simon, Abbot of Holyrood, elected Bishop of Whitherne "per viam compromissi," announces his election to the Archbishop of York (see a full account of his consecration, submission, &c., in Hist. Papers, &c. 335, sq.). A.D. 1327. Jan. 28, licence from Abbat of Westminster for the consecration of the Bishop of Candida Casa in a chapel of Westminster Abbey (Reg. Melton). Feb. 1, Simon de Wedehale is consecrated accordingly by commission from the Archbishop of York by the Bishops of Carlisle, Lichfield, and Llandaff (ib.). A.D. 1334. Feb. 10, the Bishop of Candida Casa is present in a Scottish Parliament at Edinburgh (Rym., II. 877), being called in Rymer "Henricus," but by an evident mistake; inasmuch as, A.D. 1335, Nov. 1, Dodynton, Edward III. grants protection to "Simon" Bishop of Candida Casa for one year (Rot. Scot. p. 385 b): and A.D. 1344, Aug. 27, Cawood, the same "Simon" professes obedience to Archbishop

[BISHOPRIC OF CANDIDA CASA OR WHITHERNE.]

Zouche (Reg. Zouche); and A.D. 1345, Nov. 11, Kyrchrist (in Kirkcudbright), Simon Bishop of Candida Casa confirms to the canons of Holyrood all their privileges in his diocese, together with the presentation " ad vicariam ecclesiæ de Kircudbright" (Charters of Holyrood, pp. 95, 96). A.D. 1349. April 28, commission from the Archbishop of York to the Bishops of Durham, Carlisle, and Candida Casa, to publish an indulgence on behalf of the mortality (Reg. Zouche): and A.D. 1354, March 11, "Simon de Wedehale Episcopus Candide Casæ obiit" (Reg. Dec. et Capit. Ebor., Hutton MSS. Harl. 1671, p. 164).

MICHAEL, A.D. 1354-1359.

66

A.D. 1355. June 26, Michael de Malconhalgh, Prior of Candida Casa, elected Bishop of the see, is confirmed (Reg. Dec. et Capit. Ebor., ib.a) : according to Hutton, from York Reg., he was Bishop in A.D. 1354, in which year he was probably elected. A.D. 1355. July 12, " Reverendissimus pater dominus Willelmus [Edendon] Wintoniensis Episcopus, ascitis et assistentibus sibi venerabilibus patribus domino Cesario Ecclesiæ Beatæ Mariæ de Rosis et-[blank in MS.] Episcopis, reverendis dominis Michaeli electo Londoniensi, virtute litterarum Apostolicarum etc., et Michaeli Mackenlagh Ecclesiæ cathedralis Candida Casa provinciæ Eboracensis electo, virtute commissionis Johannis Archiepiscopi Eboracensis cujus tenor inferius describitur, in ecclesia Beatæ Mariæ de Suthwerke munus consecrationis impendit" (Reg. Edendon Winton.). A.D. 1357. Oct. 5, Berwick, Michael, Bishop of Candida Casa, is one among the Scottish Bishops appointed to enforce by spiritual penalties the treaty for the redemption of King David Bruce (Rym., III. 375, 378): and A.D. 1358, Jan 17, Mortlake, Edward III. grants the same Michael," suffragan of York," a safeconduct to come to England to the Archbishop of York on business relating to his diocese (ib. 387).

a Thoresby Archbishop of York was translated to that see Oct. 22, A.D. 1352, and enthroned there Sept. 8, A.D. 1353. But it appears that he did not begin to hold his own ordinations until he ceased to be chancellor,

viz. in A.D. 1356 (Raine). This may possibly account for this entry and that of Bishop Simon's death occurring in the Decanal Register.

THOMAS, A.D. 1359-1362.

A.D. 1359. Dec. 31, Avignon, Pope Innocent to Thomas Bishop of Candida Casa, provides the said Thomas (" rector de Kyrteum" [Kirkcolm] "ejusd. dioc.") to the see, vacant by the death of Michael, and states that he has caused him to be consecrated (at Avignon) by Peter Bishop of Ostia; similar letters to the chapter of Candida Casa, to the clergy and people of Candida Casa, to the Archbishop of York, and to King David II. (Theiner, pp. 314, 315). A.D. 1362. Sept. 2, Perth, Thomas Bishop of Candida

[BISHOPRIC OF CANDIDA CASA OR WHITHERNE.]

Casa (with John of Dunkeld and Patrick of Brechin) arbiter between the Bishop and Chapter of Glasgow (Reg. Glasg. p. 271).

ADAM, A.D. 1363-(after) 1369.

A.D. 1363. Feb. 20, Westminster, Edward III. grants a safe-conduct to "Adam de Lanark, Episcopus de Galway in Scotia," now "in partibus transmarinis," to pass through England to Scotland, to last one year (Rot. Scot., I. 881 a) which looks as if Adam also had been consecrated abroad by the Pope. A.D. 1365. Jan. 13, and July 14, “Adam Episcopus Candidæ Case" present in Scottish Parliaments (Acts of Parl. of Scotl., I. 137, 138): and A.D. 1369, Sept. 30, Scone, witnesses a charter of 38th David II. (Reg. M. Sig. p. 57), which is witnessed also by another "Adam de Lanark, clericus." The Bishop of Candida Casa was also present at a Scottish Parliament A.D. 1369, March 8 (Acts of Parl. of Scotl., I. 148), but no name is givena.

a Keith calls him "Andrew," from a deed of 39th Edward II., i. e. Nov. 1369-Nov. 1370, but "Adam" was certainly still Bishop

up to Sept. 30, A.D. 1369; and Andrew is probably a mistake for Adam.

DAVID DOUGLAS, A.D. (after) 1369-1373.

A.D. 1373. March 25, David Douglas Bishop of Candida Casa died (Hay's Diplom. [MS.] III. 579).

JAMES CARRON, A.D. 1373.

A.D. 1373. James Carron was Bishop for a few months, but resigned, his resignation being "confirmed" by Pope Gregory XI. "in the 3rd year of his pontificate" (Jan. 5, 1373-Jan. 5, 1374)—(Hay, ib.).

FRANCIS RAMSAY, A.D. 1373-1402.

A.D. 1373, Francis Ramsay, a Mathurine of Brechin from A.D. 1362, elected Bishop of Candida Casa in succession to James Carron in A.D. 1373, but whether consecrated by the Pope (who certainly was applied to for the confirmation of his predecessor's resignation) is doubtful: died Oct. 1, A.D. 14c2, having administered the diocese 29 years (Hay, ib.: see at the end of this Appendix).

But OSWALD, a York Bishop, A.D. 1379-(after) 1406.

Contemporaneously however with Ramsay's episcopate [and upon occasion possibly of the schism between Pope Urban VI. (elected April 9, A.D. 1378) and the Antipope Clement VII. (elected Sept. 21, 1378), the latter of whom was acknowledged by Scotland, the former by England], A.D. 1379, March 26, one Oswald, "Episcopus Candida Casa in Scotia, ut asserit," has a safe-conduct from Richard II. King of England to pass into Scotland in connection with Church business entrusted to him by Urban VI. (Rot. Scot.,