cial immigrants who are dependent on a juvenile court).

"(7) Section 154 [enacting provisions set out as a note under section 1201 of this title] (permitting extension of validity of visas for certain residents of Hong Kong).

"(8) Section 155 [enacting provisions set out as a note under section 1153 of this title] (relating to expedited issuance of Lebanese second and fifth preference visas).

"(9) Section 162(b) [amending section 1154 of this title] (relating to immigrant visa petitioning process), but only insofar as such section relates to visas for fiscal years beginning with fiscal year 1992. "(c) GENERAL TRANSITIONS.

"(1) In the case of a petition filed under section 204(a) of the Immigration and Nationality Act [8 U.S.C. 1154(a)] before October 1, 1991, for preference status under section 203(a)(3) or section 203(a)(6) of such Act [8 U.S.C. 1153(a)(3), (6)] (as in effect before such date) or an application for labor certification before such date under section 212(a)(14) [8 U.S.C. 1182(a)(14)]—

"(A) in order to maintain the priority date with respect to such a petition or application, the petitioner must file (by not later than October 1, 1993, or 60 days after the date of certification in the case of labor certifications filed in support of the petition under section 212(a)(14) of such Act before October 1, 1991, but not certified until after October 1, 1993) a new petition for classification of the employment under paragraph (1), (2), or (3) of section 203(b) of such Act (as amended by this title), and

"(B) any labor certification under section 212(a)(5)(A) of such Act required with respect to the new petition shall be deemed approved if the labor certification with respect to the previous petition was previously approved under section 212(a)(14) of such Act.

In the case of a petition filed under section 204(a) of such Act before October 1, 1991, but which is not described in paragraph (4), and for which a filing fee was paid, any additional filing fee shall not exceed one-half of the fee for the filing of the new petition referred to in subparagraph (A).

"(2) Any petition filed under section 204(a) of the Immigration and Nationality Act before October 1, 1991, for preference status under section 203(a)(4) or section 203(a)(5) of such Act (as in effect before such date) shall be deemed, as of such date, to be a petition filed under such section for preference status under section 203(a)(3) or section 203(a)(4), respectively, of such Act (as amended by this title).

(3) In the case of an alien who is described in section 203(a)(8) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (as in effect before October 1, 1991) as the spouse or child of an alien described in section 203(a)(3) or 203(a)(6) of such Act and who would be entitled to enter the United States under such section 203(a)(8) but for the amendments made by this section, such an alien shall be deemed to be described in section 203(d) of such Act as the spouse or child an an alien described in section 203(b)(2) or 203(b)(3)(A)(i), respectively, of such Act with the same priority date as that of the principal alien.

"(4)(A) Subject to subparagraph (B), any petition filed before October 1, 1991, and approved on any date, to accord status under section 203(a)(3) or 203(a)(6) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (as in effect before such date) shall be deemed, on and after October 1, 1991 (or, if later, the date of such approval), to be a petition approved to accord status under section 203(b)(2) or under the appropriate classification under section 203(b)(3), respectively, of such Act (as in effect on and after such date). Nothing in this subparagraph shall be construed as exempting the beneficiaries of such petitions from the numerical limitations under section 203(b)(2) or 203(b)(3) of such Act.

"(B) Subparagraph (A) shall not apply more than two years after the date the priority date for issuance of a visa on the basis of such a petition has been reached.

"(d) ADMISSIBILITY STANDARDS.-When an immigrant, in possession of an unexpired immigrant visa issued before October 1, 1991, makes application for admission, the immigrant's admissibility under paragraph (7)(A) of section 212(a) of the Immigration and Nationality Act [8 U.S.C. 1182(a)(7)(A)] shall be determined under the provisions of law in effect on the date of the issuance of such visa.

"(e) CONSTRUCTION.-Nothing in this title [see subsec. (a) above] shall be construed as affecting the provisions of section 19 of Public Law 97-116 [8 U.S.C. 1151 notel, section 2(c)(1) of Public Law 97-271 [8 U.S.C. 1255 notel, or section 202(e) of Public Law 99-603 [8 U.S.C. 1255a note]."

[Section 4 of Pub. L. 102-110 provided that the amendment made by that section, adding pars. (3) and (4) to section 161(c) of Pub. L. 101-649, set out above, is effective as if included in the Immigration Act of 1990, Pub. L. 101-649.]

Section 162(f)(3) of Pub. L. 101-649 provided that: "The amendments made by this subsection (amending this section, section 1182 of this title, and provisions set out as a note under section 1255 of this title] shall apply as though included in the enactment of the Immigration Nursing Relief Act of 1989 [Pub. L. 101-238]."

Section 203(d) of Pub. L. 101-649 provided that: "The amendments made by this section [enacting section 1288 of this title and amending this section and section 1281 of this title] shall apply to services performed on or after 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act (Nov. 29, 1990]."

Section 231 of title II of Pub. L. 101-649 provided that: "Except as otherwise provided in this title, this title, and the amendments made by this title [enacting section 1288 of this title, amending this section and sections 1182, 1184, 1187, 1281, and 1323 of this title, and enacting provisions set out as notes under this section and sections 1182, 1184, 1187, and 1288 of this title], shall take effect on October 1, 1991, except that sections 222 and 223 [enacting provisions set out as notes under this section] shall take effect on the date of the enactment of this Act [Nov. 29, 1990]."

Amendment by section 407(a)(2) of Pub. L. 101-649 effective Nov. 29, 1990, with general savings provisions, see section 408(a)(3), (d) of Pub. L. 101-649, set out as an Effective Date of 1990 Amendment; Savings Provisions note under section 1421 of this title.

Section 501(b) of Pub. L. 101-649 provided that: "The amendments made by subsection (a) [amending this section] shall apply to offenses committed on or after the date of the enactment of this Act [Nov. 29, 19901, except that the amendments made by paragraphs (2) and (5) of subsection (a) shall be effective as if included in the enactment of section 7342 of the Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1988 [Pub. L. 100-690]."

Section 509(b) of Pub. L. 101-649, as amended by Pub. L. 102-232, title III, § 306(a)(7), Dec. 12, 1991, 105 Stat. 1751, provided that: "The amendment made by subsection (a) [amending this section] shall take effect on the date of the enactment of this Act [Nov. 29, 1990] and shall apply to convictions occurring on or after such date, except with respect to conviction for murder which shall be considered a bar to good moral character regardless of the date of the conviction."

Section 601(e) of Pub. L. 101-649 provided that: "(1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), the amendments made by this section [amending section 1182 of this title] and by section 603(a) of this Act [amending this section and sections 1102, 1153, 1157, 1159, 1160, 1161, 1181, 1183, 1201, 1224, 1225, 1226, 1254a, 1255a, 1259, 1322, and 1327 of this title, repealing section 2691 of Title 22, Foreign Relations and Intercourse, amending provisions set out as notes under this sec

te the p

tion and sections 1255 and 1255a of this title, and re-
pealing provisions set out as notes under section 1182
of this title] shall apply to individuals entering the
United States on or after June 1, 1991.

"(2) The amendments made by paragraphs (5) and
(13) of section 603(a) [amending sections 1160 and
1255a of this title] shall apply to applications for ad-
justment of status made on or after June 1, 1991."

EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1989 AMENDMENTS Amendment by Pub. L. 101-238 applicable to classification petitions filed for nonimmigrant status only during the 5-year period beginning on the first day of the 9th month beginning after Dec. 18, 1989, see section 3(d) of Pub. L. 101-238, set out as a note under section 1182 of this title.

Section 611(b) of Pub. L. 101-162 provided that:
"The amendment made by subsection (a) [amending
this section] shall take effect on October 1, 1989, upon
the expiration of the similar amendment made by sec-
tion 210(a) of the Department of Justice Appropria-
tions Act, 1989 (title II of Public Law 100-459, 102
Stat. 2203)."

EFFECTIVE AND TERMINATION DATES OF 1988
AMENDMENTS

Section 309(b)(15) of Pub. L. 102-232 provided that: "The amendments made by section 8 of the Immigration Technical Corrections Act of 1988 [Pub. L. 100-525, amending this section, sections 1152, 1182, 1201 to 1202, 1301, 1302, 1304, 1356, 1409, 1431 to 1433, 1452, 1481, and 1483 of this title, and section 4195 of Title 22, Foreign Relations and Intercourse, enacting provisions set out as notes under this section, sections 1153, 1201, 1401, 1409, 1451, and 1481 of this title, and section 4195 of Title 22, and amending provisions set out as notes under this section and section 1153 of this title] shall be effective as if included in the enactment of the Immigration and Nationality Act Amendments of 1986 (Public Law 99-653)."

SHORT TITLE OF 1991 AMENDMENTS

Section 1(a) of Pub. L. 102-232 provided that: "This Act [amending this section, sections 1102, 1105a, 1151 to 1154, 1157, 1159 to 1161, 1182, 1184, 1186a to 1188, 1201, 1221, 1226, 1227, 1229, 1251, 1252, 1252a, 1252b, 1254 to 1255a, 1281, 1282, 1284, 1288, 1322, 1323, 1324a to 1324c, 1325, 1356, 1357, 1421, 1423, 1424, 1433, 1439 to 1441, 1443, 1445 to 1452, and 1455 of this title, and section 3753 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, enacting provisions set out as notes under this section and sections 1151, 1157, 1160, 1182, 1184, 1251, 1252, 1254a, 1255, 1356, and 1421 of this title, and amending provisions set out as notes under this section and sections 1105a, 1153, 1158, 1160, 1184, 1201, 1251, 1254a, 1255, and 1421 of this title] may be cited as the 'Miscellaneous and Technical Immigration and Naturalization Amendments of 1991'."

Section 101 of title I of Pub. L. 102-232 provided that: "This title [amending sections 1421, 1448, 1450, and 1455 of this title and enacting provisions set out as a note under section 1421 of this title] may be cited as the 'Judicial Naturalization Ceremonies Amendments of 1991'."

Section 201 of title II of Pub. L. 102-232 provided that: "This title [amending this section and section 1184 of this title and enacting provisions set out as notes under this section and section 1184 of this title] may be cited as the 'O and P Nonimmigrant Amendments of 1991'."

Section 301(a) of title III of Pub. L. 102-232 provided that: "This title [amending this section, sections 1102, 1105a, 1151 to 1154, 1157, 1159 to 1161, 1182, 1184, 1186a to 1188, 1201, 1221, 1226, 1227, 1229, 1251, 1252, 1252a, 1252b, 1254 to 1255a, 1281, 1282, 1284, 1288, 1322, 1323, 1324a to 1324c, 1325, 1356, 1357, 1421, 1423, 1424, 1433, 1439 to 1441, 1443, 1445 to 1449, 1451, 1452, and 1455 of this title, and section 3753 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, enacting provisions set out

as notes under this section and sections 1151, 1157, 1160, 1182, 1251, 1252, 1254a, 1255, and 1356 of this title, and amending provisions set out as notes under this section and sections 1105a, 1153, 1158, 1160, 1184, 1201, 1251, 1254a, 1255, and 1421 of this title] may be cited as the 'Immigration Technical Corrections Act of 1991'."

Section 1 of Pub. L. 102-110 provided that: "This Act [amending this section and sections 1153, 1255, and 1524 of this title and enacting and amending provisions set out as notes under this section] may be cited as the 'Armed Forces Immigration Adjustment Act of 1991'."

SHORT TITLE OF 1990 AMENDMENTS

Section 1(a) of Pub. L. 101-649 provided that: "This Act [see Tables for classification] may be cited as the 'Immigration Act of 1990'."

Pub. L. 101-249, § 1, Mar. 6, 1990, 104 Stat. 94, provided that: "This Act [enacting section 1440-1 of this title] may be cited as the 'Posthumous Citizenship for Active Duty Service Act of 1989'."

SHORT TITLE OF 1989 AMENDMENT

Section 1 of Pub. L. 101-238 provided that: "This Act [amending this section and sections 1160 and 1182 of this title, enacting provisions set out as notes under sections 1182, 1255, 1255a, and 1324a of this title, and amending provisions set out as a note under section 1255a of this title] may be cited as the 'Immigration Nursing Relief Act of 1989'."

REGULATIONS

Section 303(a)(8) of Pub. L. 102-232 provided that: "The Secretary of Labor shall issue final or interim final regulations to implement the changes made by this section to section 101(a)(15)(H)(i)(b) and section 212(n) of the Immigration and Nationality Act [8 U.S.C. 1101(a)(15)(H)(i)(b), 1182(n)] no later than January 2, 1992."

Pub. L. 102-140, title VI, § 610, Oct. 28, 1991, 105 Stat. 832, provided that:

"(a) The Attorney General shall prescribe regulations under title 5, United States Code, to carry out section 404(b)(1) of the Immigration and Nationality Act [act June 27, 1952, as amended, set out as a note above], including a delineation of (1) scenarios that constitute an immigration emergency, (2) the process by which the President declares an immigration emergency, (3) the role of the Governor and local officials in requesting a declaration of emergency, (4) a definition of 'assistance as required by the Attorney General', and (5) the process by which States and localities are to be reimbursed.

"(b) The Attorney General shall prescribe regulations under title 5, United States Code, to carry out section 404(b)(2) of such Act, including providing a definition of the terms in section 404(b)(2)(ii) [404(b)(2)(A)(ii)] and a delineation of ‘in any other circumstances' in section 404(b)(2)(iii) [404(b)(2)(A)(iii)] of such Act.

"(c) The regulations under this section shall be published for comment not later than 30 days after the date of enactment of this Act [Oct. 28, 1991] and issued in final form not later than 15 days after the end of the comment period."

APPROPRIATIONS

Section 404 of act June 27, 1952, as amended by acts Dec. 29, 1981, Pub. L. 97-116, § 18(s), 95 Stat. 1621; Nov. 6, 1986, Pub. L. 99-603, title I, § 113, 100 Stat. 3383; Nov. 29, 1990, Pub. L. 101-649, title VII, § 705(a), 104 Stat. 5087; Dec. 12, 1991, Pub. L. 102-232, title III, § 308(d), 105 Stat. 1757, provided that:

[See main edition for text of (a)]

"(b)(1) There are authorized to be appropriated (for fiscal year 1991 and any subsequent fiscal year) to an

immigration emergency fund, to be established in the Treasury, an amount sufficient to provide for a balance of $35,000,000 in such fund, to be used to carry out paragraph (2) and to provide for an increase in border patrol or other enforcement activities of the Service and for reimbursement of State and localities in providing assistance as requested by the Attorney General in meeting an immigration emergency, except that no amounts may be withdrawn from such fund with respect to an emergency unless the President has determined that the immigration emergency exists and has certified such fact to the Judiciary Committees of the House of Representatives and of the Senate.

"(2)(A) Funds which are authorized to be appropriated by paragraph (1), subject to the dollar limitation contained in subparagraph (B), shall be available, by application for the reimbursement of States and localities providing assistance as required by the Attorney General, to States and localities whenever

"(i) a district director of the Service certifies to the Commissioner that the number of asylum applications filed in the respective district during a calendar quarter exceeds by at least 1,000 the number of such applications filed in that district during the preceding calendar quarter,

"(ii) the lives, property, safety, or welfare of the residents of a State or locality are endangered, or

"(iii) in any other circumstances as determined by the Attorney General.

In applying clause (i), the providing of parole at a point of entry in a district shall be deemed to constitute an application for asylum in the district.

"(B) Not more than $20,000,000 shall be made available for all localities under this paragraph.

"(C) For purposes of subparagraph (A), the requirement of paragraph (1) that an immigration emergency be determined shall not apply.

"(D) A decision with respect to an application for reimbursement under subparagraph (A) shall be made by the Attorney General within 15 days after the date of receipt of the application."

[Section 705(b) of Pub. L. 101-649 provided that: "Section 404(b)(2)(A)(i) of the Immigration and Nationality Act [act June 27, 1952, set out above], as added by the amendment made by subsection (a)(5), shall apply with respect to increases in the number of asylum applications filed in a calendar quarter beginning on or after January 1, 1989. The Attorney General may not spend any amounts from the immigration emergency fund pursuant to the amendments made by subsection (a) [amending section 404 of act June 27, 1952, set out above] before October 1, 1991."]

REPORT ON ADMISSION OF CERTAIN NONIMMIGRANTS Section 202(b) of Pub. L. 102-232 provided that: "(1) By not later than October 1, 1994, the Comptroller General of the United States shall submit to the Committees on the Judiciary of the Senate and of the House of Representatives a report containing information relating to the admission of artists, entertainers, athletes, and related support personnel as nonimmigrants under subparagraphs (O) and (P) of section 101(a)(15) of the Immigration and Nationality Act [8 U.S.C. 1101(a)(15)(O), (P)], and information on the laws, regulations, and practices in effect in other countries that affect United States citizens and permanent resident aliens in the arts, entertainment, and athletics, in order to evaluate the impact of such admissions, laws, regulations, and practices on such citizens and aliens.

"(2) Not later than 30 days after the date the Committee of the Judiciary on the Senate receives the report under paragraph (1), the Chairman of the Committee shall make the report available to interested parties and shall hold a hearing respecting the report. No later than 90 days after the date of receipt of the report, such Committee shall report to the Senate its findings and any legislation it deems appropriate."

DELAY UNTIL APRIL 1, 1992, IN IMPLEMENTATION OF PROVISIONS RELATING TO NONIMMIGRANT ARTISTS, ATHLETES, ENTERTAINERS, AND FASHION MODELS Section 3 of Pub. L. 102-110 provided that: "Section 214(g)(1)(C) of the Immigration and Nationality Act [8 U.S.C. 1184(g)(1)(C)] shall not apply to the issuance of visas or provision of status before April 1, 1992. Aliens seeking nonimmigrant admission as artists, athletes, entertainers, or fashion models (or for the purpose of accompanying or assisting in an artistic or athletic performance) before April 1, 1992, shall not be admitted under subparagraph (O)(i), (O)(ii), (P)(i), or (P)(iii) of section 101(a)(15) of such Act [8 U.S.C. 1101(a)(15)], but may be admitted under the terms of subparagraph (H)(i)(b) of such section (as in effect on September 30, 1991)."

COMMISSION ON IMMIGRATION REFORM

Section 141 of Pub. L. 101-649, as amended by Pub. L. 102-232, title III, § 302(c)(1), Dec. 12, 1991, 105 Stat. 1744, provided that:

"(a) ESTABLISHMENT AND COMPOSITION OF COMMISSION. (1) Effective October 1, 1991, there is established a Commission on Immigration Reform (in this section referred to as the 'Commission') which shall be composed of 9 members to be appointed as follows:

"(A) One member who shall serve as Chairman, to be appointed by the President.

"(B) Two members to be appointed by the Speaker of the House of Representatives who shall select such members from a list of nominees provided by the Chairman of the Committee on the Judiciary of the House of Representatives.

"(C) Two members to be appointed by the Minority Leader of the House of Representatives who shall select such members from a list of nominees provided by the ranking minority member of the Subcommittee on Immigration, Refugees, and International Law of the Committee on the Judiciary of the House of Representatives.

"(D) Two members to be appointed by the Majority Leader of the Senate who shall select such members from a list of nominees provided by the Chairman of the Subcommittee on Immigration and Refugee Affairs of the Committee on the Judiciary of the Senate.

"(E) Two members to be appointed by the Minority Leader of the Senate who shall select such members from a list of nominees provided by the ranking minority member of the Subcommittee on Immigration and Refugee Affairs of the Committee on the Judiciary of the Senate.

"(2) Initial appointments to the Commission shall be made during the 45-day period beginning on October 1, 1991. A vacancy in the Commission shall be filled in the same manner in which the original appointment was made.

"(3) Members shall be appointed to serve for the life of the Commission, except that the term of the member described in paragraph (1)(A) shall expire at noon on January 20, 1993, and the President shall appoint an individual to serve for the remaining life of the Commission.

"(b) FUNCTIONS OF COMMISSION.-The Commission shall

"(1) review and evaluate the impact of this Act and the amendments made by this Act [see Tables for classification], in accordance with subsection (c); and "(2) transmit to the Congress

"(A) not later than September 30, 1994, a first report describing the progress made in carrying out paragraph (1), and

"(B) not later than September 30, 1997, a final report setting forth the Commission's findings and recommendations, including such recommendations for additional changes that should be made with respect to legal immigration into the United States as the Commission deems appropriate.