securing cows when they were milked. Possibly a less severe form of humbug may be so used, as in the hands of a brute a humbug may easily HIC ET UBIQUE. become an instrument of torture. In 'Hic et Ubique,' published in the spring of 1893, are these words, p. 214: "My belief is that 'humbug' is derived from two Italian words, signifying a deceitful man, uomo bugiardo.' Several common British words are derived from Italian, e. g., rubbish from robiccia, alert from all'erta. WILLIAM FRASER of Ledeclune Bt. TRILBY (8th S. ix. 84, 277).-According to the 'Biographie Universelle des Musiciens' (Fétis), an opéra-comique, entitled 'Trilby,' composed by Frédéric-Jérôme Truhn, was played with success A. W. F. in Berlin in 1835. Miscellaneous. NOTES ON BOOKS, &c. The Ancestry of John Whitney. By Henry Melville, A.M., LL.B. (New York, Printed at the De Vinne Press.) THE pedigree of the family of Whitney, of Whitney, has received a full measure of attention. Honours such as are awarded it in the present volume must be classed as exceptional even in a time like the present, when genealogical studies are in highest favour both in England and in America, in which latter country collective exertion has led to interesting and important results. A volume so handsome as the present, which in its spotless cover of stamped vellum and with its numerous illustrations is veritably de luxe, constitutes a valuable addition to any genealogical library. It is a curious and striking fact that just at the period when the great "Royalist' family, to ante-date the application of the word, was disappearing or losing consequence in England, it was establishing itself from a Puritan source in America, where it has acquired further bonours. Nature itself seems to have favoured the ostracism of the family, since before the emigration in 1635 to America of John Whitney, who forms the connecting links between the English and American Whitneys, being born in one country and dying in another, the Wye, swollen by torrents from the Welsh hills, long a menace to the Whitneys as occupants of the Marches, deviated from its course, dashed against the remains of Whitney Castle, and "the good White Tower,' that had survived so inany centuries of border warfare, crumbled beneath the waves." The very bodies in the graves were washed out, and skulls and bones of Whitneys were whirled far away, perhaps even with those of Lycidas, beyond Where the great vision of the guarded mount Looks toward Namancos and Bayona's bold. At the present moment, as the latest historian of the Whitney's declares, there are presumably more Whitneys in some Massachusetts village than in the whole of the United Kingdom. Their home, however, is here, the cradle of their race; and however brilliant deeds may have been accomplished in the War of Independence or in subsequent periods by the later Whitneys, what is most splendid in connexion with the race belongs to English history. To tracing out the English Whitneys, indeed, the present volume is, as its title indicates, de voted. The American descendants of John Whitney have been the subject of previous research. the Norman Conquest much has to be taken on trust In dealing with families which trace their origin to both by the compiler and the critic. The task of the latter would, indeed, be interminable if he sought to verify facts or balance probabilities. The Norman origin of the family seems incontestable. Its affluence, its teritorial expansion, and its alliances are attested, and its historical interest is great. A mere nomenclature of those with whom it was allied would demand much space, the mention of the dignities and possessions of Castle, with all its associations with the fair Rosamundthe family would be scarcely less exigent. Clifford Rosa Mundi, otherwise Joan de Clifford-together with the lordships of Clifford and Glasbury, was granted by King Henry IV. to Robert Whit(e)ney for his services in the capture of Edward Mortemer, in which his father, his uncle, and a "great part of his relatives" had been Subsequently, about 1580, Clifford Castle was added perkilled, and his property had been burnt and destroyed. manently to the large Whitney estate. Clifford Castle itself, like that of Whitney, appears to have been a veritable Castle Dangerous. Welsh chroniclers and poets supply the Whitneys with an ancestor who was a Knight of the Round Table. Without assigning them an origin Fo remote and mythical, it may be conceded that their place in English history is sufficiently conspicuous and honourable. In 1394 Sir Robert Whitney was KnightMarshal, otherwise "Marshal of the Household." Mr. Melville would have us-in the great scene of combat between Henry Bolingbroke, Duke of Hereford, and Thomas Mowbray, Duke of Norfolk and Earl of Nottingham, himself Earl Marshal (see Shakspeare's 'King Richard II.,' I. iii.) — read, or at least understand, Whitney whenever the word "Marshal" is used. To the marshal are, of course, assigned many fine lines. To the student of literature a chief interest in the Whitneys lies in Geoffrey Whitney of the Emblems." To deal with all the claims on consideration of this family, now transplanted to America, would be an endless taska task with which we cannot attempt to grapple. With slight variations the arms of all the Whitneya-Azure, a cross chequy or and gules, the crest a bull's head couped sable argent, the points gules-are the same. Abundant materials, some already employed, concerning the Whitneys exist in the British Museum, the Record Office, and other great collections, and the Cathedrals of Gloucester and Hereford, with other western churches, have memorials. Whitney, or Witney, is the name given in the West Riding to a species of thick cloth. We find the word in no dictionary to which we have facilities of access, but vouch for its existence. This word probably comes from the place. In connexion with this it is possibly worth mention as a coincidence that John Whitney was a member of the Merchant Taylors' Company. One of the most interesting points in the book is the identification of the aforesaid John Whitney, for which, as for other matters, we must refer the reader to the volume. In addition to other illustrations, maps and pedigrees are liberally supplied, together with many appendices of more than domestic interest. Sir John Vanbrugh. Edited by E. H. Swaen. (Fisher Unwin.) To the "Mermaid" series has been added a selection from the works of the witty and ribald Vanbrugh. The three plays given- The Relapse,' The Provok'd Wife,' and The Confederacy,' to which is added A Journey to London,' Vanbrugh's contribution to The Provok'd Husband '-are not only the most thoroughly representative of the architect of Blenheim, but are also among the most brilliant contributions to the Restoration stage. Transactions of the Glasgow Archæological Society. New well as Scotland. This seemingly plural form was quite common in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. THE first number of Genealogical Queries and Memoranda, a quarterly magazine, edited by Mr. G. F. T. Sherwood, has made its appearance. MR. GLADSTONE's new volume of 'Studies Subsidiary to the Works of Bishop Butler' will be published at the Clarendon Press early in July. Part I. will consist of eleven chapters on Butler himself. Part II., consisting of ten chapters, is devoted to such subsidiary studies as discussion of a future life, necessity or determinism, teleology, miracle, the mediation of Christ, and probability as the guide of life, and of these only a part of the first has been published in the North American Review. The volume will be issued simultaneously in this country and in America. HUNTER'S 'Familia Minorum Gentium' is a manuscript highly valued by students of genealogy. It is to be found at the British Museum, and is well worth THE Glasgow Archæological Society, though one of our inspection by the curious in calligraphy. Three years younger antiquarian bodies, has already done some very ago the Harleian Society decided to print Hunter's good work. There is assuredly no falling off to be dis-Pedigrees and Memoranda,' with notes by Mr. J. W. covered in the part before us. The address delivered by Clay, F.S.A., a member of the Council of the Society, Prof. Ferguson on his vacating the presidential chair of who had undertaken the editorship of the collection. the Society is not only an able document, but one ex- In 1894 the first volume of the work, consisting of 420 ceedingly well fitted for the time and place when it was pages, was issued to the members of the Society. In delivered. His protest against the work of destruction 1895 two more volumes were issued, bringing the conthat is still going on both in town and country is of secutive pagination of the work up to 1172. The Society great value and cannot be spread too widely. There has just issued the fourth and final volume, which, as far are, perhape, not quite so many men now as formerly as the text is concerned, concludes on p. 1310, while an who avow that they would destroy for destruction's sake, index to the whole work finishes on p. 1454. The mem. and profess an absolute hatred for relics of the past be- bers of the Harleian Society are to be congratulated on cause they withdraw men's minds from the worship of having secured this valuable compilation of genealogical the present; but if we hear less of them than was our memoranda, complete and neatly bound, within three wont a few years ago, it is because it has become now "bad form " to talk in this unintelligent manner. We still have among us people, held of no small account, who are willing to sweep away valuable historic landmarks on the merest pretence of utility. Another point in the professor's address we cannot pass over, and that is his eloquent pleading for a city museum. Glasgow is a vast centre of industry, and it has been remarked that wherever local museums have been established, either in this island or on the Continent, as soon as their existence becomes known, which takes some time, they become thronged by the working classes whenever the objects are arranged in an intelligible manner and are ticketed so that there is no mistaking the nature of the things exhibited. Glasgow is one of the richest cities in the empire. If the work be not already begun, we cannot think that it can be long delayed. Mr. Colin Dunlop Donald, the succeeding president, has dwelt eloquently on the additional interest which historical association lends to natural beauty. Almost every one feels this, but there are many of our acquaintances who are unaware that they do so. Why does Chillon attract a larger number of visitors than the far more picturesque structures that are scattered through Switzerland and the Rhinelands? There can be no doubt that Byron's verse, though by no means giving an accurate account of events, has attracted many who, had the poet not written, would never have taken the trouble to examine that somewhat commonplace structure. Mr. David MacRitchie's essay on 'French Influence in Scottish Speech' is a good paper, which we should like to have found longer. It is a subject the writer understands, though here and there he has fallen into Funeralls" may very possibly be due to French influence, but if so the force extended over England as error. years. Notices to Correspondents. We must call special attention to the following notices: ON all communications must be written the name and address of the sender, not necessarily for publication, but as a guarantee of good faith. WE cannot undertake to answer queries privately. To secure insertion of communications correspondents must observe the following rule. Let each note, query, or reply be written on a separate slip of paper, with the signature of the writer and such address as he wishes to appear. Correspondents who repeat queries are requested to head the second communication "Duplicate." ARTHUR HUSSEY.-A copy must be sent to the British Museum. Copies will be demanded by the Bodleian, the Public Library, Cambridge, the Faculty of Advocates, Edinburgh, and Trinity College, Dublin. The agents of these institutions will see to this. G. H. THOMPSON ("Speech by Mr. Gladstone").— The following is the full reference: 68. iii, 229, 394; iv. 278. CORRIGENDA.-P. 430, col. 2, 1. 14 from bottom, for "Wells" read Wills; p. 439, col. 2, 1. 40, for "Monas tery" read Collegiate Church, NOTICE. Editorial Communications should be addressed to "The Editor of Notes and Queries'"-Advertisements and Business Letters to "The Publisher"-at the Office, Bream's Buildings, Chancery Lane, E.C. We beg leave to state that we decline to return com munications which, for any reason, we do not print; and to this rule we can make no exception. The ATHENEUM, every SATURDAY, price THREEPENCE, of And at the Railway Bookstalls, to which places they will be forwarded carriage paid. BASSETT (J.).—PERSIA, the LAND of the IMAMS: a Narrative of Travel and Residence, 1871-85 ... ... ... at Published Offered BLACKBURN (HENRY)-ARTISTIC TRAVEL in NORMANDY, BRITTANY, the PYRENEES, The TSHI-SPEAKING PEOPLES of the GOLD COAST of WEST AFRICA: their 00 16 0 8. LYNCH (JEREMIAH).—EGYPTIAN SKETCHES. With 16 Full-Page Illustrations. 8vo. NORMAN (C. B.).—TONKIN; or, France in the Far East. With Maps. Printed by JOHN C. FRANCIS, Athenæum Press, Bream's-buildings, Chancery-lane, E.C.; and Published by the said the Authors UDIE'S FACTS HUNTED UP, Pedigrees Traced, Wills MU Found, Translations. Inquiries Made, Searches as Somerset House, British Museum, &c. Experienced Assistants only. Terms Moderate -M. WARFIELD, 229. Earlsfield-road, Wandsworth, S. W. MR. GILDERSOME-DICKINSON, of Eden Bridge. UNDERTAKES GENEALOGICAL and ANTIQUARIAN INVESTIGATIONS Professionally.-For Terms address to 12, Great Turnstile, London, W.C. ALL OUT-OF-PRINT BOOKS speedily pro cured. Acknowledged the most expert Bookfinder extant state warts to BAKER'S Great Bookshop, Birmingham.-Books Bought, Lent, or Exchanged. { PRICE FOURPENCK. Registered as a Newspaper. SELECT LIBRARY. SUBSCRIPTIONS from ONE GUINEA per Annum. MUDIE'S SELECT LIBRARY. Books can be exchanged at the residences of Subscribers in London MUDIE'S SELECT LIBRARY. COUNTRY SUBSCRIPTIONS from TWO GUINEAS per Annum. MUDIE'S FOREIGN LIBRARY. All the best Works in French, German, Italian, and Spanish are in circulation. Catalogues of English or Foreign Books, 1s. 6d. each. Prospectuses and Clearance Lists of Books on Sale, postage tres. MUDIE'S SELECT LIBRARY, LIMITED, 241, Brompton-road; and 48, Queen Victoria-street, E.C. LAW. W M. & GEO. COFFEE-SUGAR-TEA. BANK. 104, NEW OXFORD-STREET, W.C. Southampton-buildings, Chancery-lane, London. TWO-AND-A-HALF PER CENT. INTEREST allowed on DEPOSITS, repayable on demand. TWO PER CENT. on CURRENT ACCOUNTS, on the minimum ALLEN'S SOLID LEATHER PORTMAN. monthly balances, when not drawn below £100. STOCKS, SHARES, and ANNUITIES Purchased and Sold. SAVINGS DEPARTMENT. For the encouragement of Thrift the Bank receives small sums on Deposit, and allows Interest monthly on each completed £1. BIRKBECK BUILDING SOCIETY. HOW to PURCHASE a HOUSE for TWO GUINEAS per MONTH. BIRKBECK FREEHOLD LAND SOCIETY. HOW to PURCHASE a PLOT of LAND for FIVE SHILLINGS per MONTH. The BIRKBECK ALMANACK, with full particulars, post free. TUNBRIDGE WELLS. TO BE LET, FUR NISHED, for the SUMMER MONTHS, SMALL HOUSE in central position, near both stations, having good open view to the South. Three Sitting-rooms, five Bed-rooms. Kitchen, &c., on the ground floor. Or part would be let with attendance.-Write AMOS. 18, Claremont-road, Tunbridge Welle. |