house Chapel," on Fish Street Hill, not far from the old Weighhouse, took its name. But the ground on which it stood was required by the Metropolitan and District Railway Companies for the completion of the Inner Circle Railway, and was sold for 37,000l.; so that the site of the chapel is now occupied by the Monument Station bookingoffice, the station itself standing upon the site of the Weighhouse. In April, 1888, the Duke of Westminster offered a site in Duke Street, Grosvenor Square, a street which was then being almost entirely rebuilt, at a peppercorn rent, for ninety-nine years' lease. The freehold of this site was valued at 25,000l., and this is briefly the story of the King's Weighhouse Chapel in Mayfair, concerning which, however, nothing will be found in Clinch's 'History' of that fashionable locality. Mr. A. Waterhouse, R.A., was the architect. J. HOLDEN MACMICHAEL. 161, Hammersmith Road. PAUSANIAS (9th S. x. 386).-Pausanias was one of Philip's bodyguard, and a favourite of the king. A rival attempted to oust him from Philip's good graces; he assailed his rival in a peculiarly opprobrious manner the rival complained to Attalus; Attalus bitterly insulted Pausanias; the latter complained of the outrage to Philip; but Philip spared Attalus; hence Pausanias, in anger, took Philip's life. Pausanias tried to fly, but was killed by some officers of the king's guard. These events are related by Plutarch and Justin; but neither mentions Attalus as the murderer. H. A. STRONG. University College, Liverpool. MR. HEBB had better refer to Diodorus Siculus (xvi. 93). He will then see why it is impossible (Eph. v. 12) to speak in detail on the point in 'N. & Q.' Grote's language is, no doubt, intentionally obscure. Blackheath. W. T. LYNN. [Answers also from C. C. B. and F. A., the latter quoting the passage from Diodorus in detail.] MONARCH IN A WHEELBARROW (9th S. x. 467). -The monarch MR. T. H. BATTEN is in search of is, no doubt, Peter the Great. On p. xi of a life of John Evelyn, Esq., prefixed to an edition of his 'Diary' published by Alex. Murray & Son, 1871, we are told : "When the Czar of Muscovy came to England in 1698, he was desirous of having the use of Sayes Court, as being near the King's Dockyard at Deptford, where that monarch proposed instructing himself in the art of shipbuilding. During his stay he did so much damage, that Mr. Evelyn had an allowance of 150l. for it. He particularly regrets the mischief done to his famous holly hedge, which A foot-note adds: “It is said that one of Czar Peter's favourite recreations was to demolish the hedges by riding through them in a wheelbarrow." JOHNSON BAILY. Ryton Rectory. One of Peter the Great's recreations during his tenancy of Sayes Court was to be driven through the holly hedges in a wheelbarrow. See John Evelyn's 'Diary and Correspondence,' edited by Bray, 1850. F. JARRATT. LATIN QUOTATION (9th S. x. 488).Læva in parte mamillæ Nil salit Arcadico iuveni, is from Juvenal, Sat. vii. 159, 160. "Of course the master is blamed because the scholar has no wits," cor being the seat of the intellect (cf. ex-cors). H. A. STRONG. University College, Liverpool. From Juvenal, Sat. vii. 159. "Sed" should Arcadico" should be Arcadico be quod, and " iuueni. WALTER W. SKEAT. INDEX: HOW NOT TO MAKE (9th S. x. 425).— Bulstrode Whitelocke's Memorials,' folio, 1682, has a most promising and unusually large index of more than forty-two columns, but every user of it knows by sad experience that the figures are often hopelessly wrong. W. C. B. PURCELL FAMILY (9th S. x. 386).-The following description of the arms painted on the Purcell tablet is from Neale's 'Westminster Abbey,' vol. ii. p. 218 : 46 three Boars' Heads, couped, of the First, Purcell : BRANSTILL CASTLE (9th S. x. 149, 191, 231). -From vol. vi. of "The Beauties of England and Wales' (London, Vernor & Hood, Longman & Co., 1805), p. 597, I cull the following: "Near Eastnor, on the South-East, is Castle Ditch, the seat of Charles Cocks, Baron Somers of Evesham, whose grandfather married Mary, sister and co-heiress of the great Lord Somers, the illus trious promoter of the Revolution of 1688......Between one and two miles from Castle Ditch, in a glen of the Malvern Hills, stood Bransill Castle, now wholly demolished, but originally of a square form, with a round tower at each angle, and a double moat surrounding it. From the appearance of the site, it must have been exceedingly strong. The surrounding scenery is very picturesque and beautiful." Virtue's 'Gazetteer of England and Wales,' 1868, under the heading of Eastnor, states: "There are some ancient earthworks, supposed to be of Roman origin; and to the E. of the village are the ruins of an ancient castle surrounded by a moat." It cannot be doubted that the ruins alluded to are Bransill Castle, and it is somewhat incongruous to find such a diversity of opinions as to the existence or non-existence of these ruins. MR. E. C. COUSENS states that nothing of the castle remains; Virtue's 'Gazetteer says that near the east of Eastnor are the ruins of an ancient castle; URLLAD informs us that Lady Harcourt made a sketch from nature of part of the ruins in 1869; the said ruins, according to the 'Beauties of England and Wales,' 1805, being "wholly demolished" at that remote period. Bransill appears on Pigott's 'Directory Map of Herefordshire' for 1830, and also on the map of Herefordshire which accompanies the 'Beauties of England and Wales.' CHAS. F. FORSHAW, LL.D. Hanover Street, Bradford. "The habit of sitting during the Psalm " is, I fancy, a Catholic survival. It is customary, apud nos, to sit during the recitation, or chanting, of the Psalms in the Divine Office. Mourners, however, would attend mass for the dead before or at a funeral, as well as after the same. GEORGE ANGUS. St. Andrews, N.B. "EPARCHY" (9th S. x. 407).-The reading in the 1638 edition of Herbert's 'Travels 'the second edition-is rather different from that of 1677, quoted at the above reference: "TRANSCENDANT" (9th S. x. 428).—The Latin "Curroon rejoyces in this sun-shine of happi-suffix -ent is assuredly the more usual for this nesse, and accepts his motion: but after adjective, anchored as it is in most minds to three moneths commorance in that country, philosophic transcendentalism. But the occaweary of idlenesse, he projects the recovery sional appearance of the French suffix -ant of his old Eparchy of Brampore" (p. 93, is to be expected, presumably when some 11. 20-22). No doubt the word is_in_the first vague idea exists of divorcing the word from edition, 1634. S. L. PETTY. any esoteric meaning. This, however, affords small justification for the use of "transcendant," which, by analogy with "descendant," would rather be a substantival form if employed at all. MOURNING SUNDAY (9th S. ix. 366, 390, 497; x. 72, 155, 297).—The custom referred to was prevalent in Worcestershire some years ago, and I remember about 1870 seeing male mourners of the better working class attend church on the Sunday after the funeral wearing the heavy crape hatbands, two or three feet long, then in vogue. It reappeared in my own experience so recently as August last in Derbyshire. This was to me a novelty, inasmuch as after arranging the details of funeral, when the coffin was to be carried on a bier by hand from the house to the church, one of the bearers asked me if the family would like the six men who were to act in that capacity to attend the church on the following Sunday. W. R. QUARRELL. a The conflict between these two suffixes is an interesting chapter in the history of English. In some cases either termination is admissible; in others each form has become more or less specialized; and in others one form has either died or has not existed at all. Much, too, as a consistent orthography is to be desired, it remains impossible. For, putting aside those words in which ant and ent represent correct Latinity, a certain number of common terms remain whose suffixes are merely due to the Gallic crucible through which they have passed. It is now too late to think of re-Latinizing them, and we must remain content with the inconformability of 'tenant" with continent" and " pertinent," of "servant" with "subservient," of remnant" with ". permanent," of assistant" with "persistent." On the other hand, it seems still possible to oust the incorrect exhalent," together with some of the French suffixes (e.g., in "dependant"). The reten MR. FRED. G. ACKERLEY suggests that Mourning Sunday comes from the days when mourners attended a mass for the dead after a burial. But (a) Catholics do that" still, and yet in some parts they have Mourning Sunday; (b) they never can have done it on Sunday. Any " ordo," or priest's daily diocesan guide to services, will show the days 66 tion of -ant for the substantival form only is, ATLAS WANTED (9th S. x. 489).-Corvitri should evidently be Cervetri, i.e., Care Vetus, "Old Cære," in the Campagna, not far from Rome. It is marked on most large maps of Italy: e.g. (1) in Stanford's Complete Atlas, 1872; (2) Philip's 'Imperial Library Atlas, 1873; (3) Blackie's Comprehensive Atlas, 1883; (4) Johnston's 'Royal Atlas,' 1892. I cannot find Racova on any of my maps, but it is on the river Birlad, near Vaslui; in fact the oldest Moldavian chronicle (Gregory Urechi's, written about 1625, published 1852) actually calls Stephen's victory over the Turks Izbândă lui Stefan Vodă la Podul înalt la Vaslui," the battle of Vaslui. B. R. HAYDON (9th S. x. 207, 249, 317).—I can remember seeing the large picture by this artist of Curtius leaping into the gulf at the Forum of Rome, at the Pantheon in Oxford Street, when I was a boy, circa 1844. About that time, or a little before that date, it was engraved in the Illustrated London News, and fault found in an accompanying description with the mode in which the horse was drawn. Punch had also a caricature engraving, representing a gaspipe traversing the gulf, and some amusing descriptive lines. JOHN PICKFORD, M.A. Newbourne Rectory, Woodbridge. FRANKLINIANA (9th S. x. 329). "To have axes to grind" is from B. Franklin's Poor Richard's Almanac.' Unfortunately I am unable to give either date or page. CUTHBERT E. A. CLAYTON. may have marked the origin of the custom The vile practice of dropping the article before the title "Rev." ought to be stigmatized under this head. C. C. B. "WARTH" (9th S. x. 409, 476).-The notes at the latter reference appear beside the point by reason of the date (1767) of the word in question. Centuries before that time the O.E. worp had apparently ceased to survive, except in the place-name suffix -worth, in the sense of manor or estate. Neither Stratmann nor Halliwell records the word. Warop or wearp is out of court, as there is no suggestion of "water" in the quotation; but I may remind MR. ADDY that warth occurs in Yorkshire in a place-name familiar to him, Wathupon-Dearue, where Wath_or Warth-ford (Halliwell). Probably the Editorial suggestion on p. 409 cannot be improved on. H. P. L. the Severn shore, in Monmouthshire. I have Town Hall, Cardiff. Richmond, Surrey. "THE" AS PART OF TITLE (9th S. ix. 428; x. 13, 338, 415).-How many hypotheses might be adduced to account for this omission ! Three have occurred to me. First, indexing and advertising (trade announcements, cata- KIPLING'S CITY OF DREADFUL NIGHT' logues, &c.). I have seen hymns indexed (9th S. ix. 289).-According to 'A Kipling under "The," where all hymns in the book Primer.' by Frederic Lawrence Knowles, beginning with "The were indexed in 1900, The City of Dreadful Night, and other order; but this is, of course, an exception. Sketches,' appeared at Allahabad in 1890, The usual and much better plan is Pilgrim's and was suppressed. "Of this book an edi Progress (The),' by John Bunyan. Secondly, tion of three thousand copies, printed for titles taken direct from the Latin. This Wheeler & Co., was cancelled. Of the edition three copies only were preserved." "The City of Dreadful Night, and other Places,' appeared at Allahabad in 1891, grey paper covers, No. 14 of Wheeler's "Indian Railway Library" ("Suppressed by me," Rudyard Kipling). Note that in the title "Places" is substituted for "Sketches." The first English edition appeared in 1891, Allahabad and London (see the 'Primer,' pp. 202, 203). It was printed at the Aberdeen University Press. According to the titlepage the publishers were A. H. Wheeler & Co., Allahabad, and Sampson Low, Marston & Co., London. The pictorial cover has the following: Price one shilling. The City of Dreadful Night. A. H. Wheeler & Co.'s Indian Railway Library. No. XIV. By Rudyard Kipling. One Rupee. London: Sampson Low, Marston & Company," &c. In a recent book catalogue the price quoted was 12s. 6d. In 'From Sea to Sea, and other Sketches,' London, 1900, vol. ii. p. 201, the heading is "City of Dreadful Night, Jan.-Feb., 1888." The English editions of the six books, 'Soldiers Three,' The Story of the Gadsbys,' 'In Black and White,' &c., have similar pictorial covers. Each one is such and such a number of "A. H. Wheeler & Co.'s Indian Railway Library." "Soldiers Three,' being No. 1, is dated 1890. The other five are not dated. I quote the date of the 'Soldiers Three' from my copy, which is of the third English edition. The 'Primer' gives 1888 as the date of the Indian edition. The first English edition of The City of Dreadful Night,' &c., was issued with an inserted slip saying that the title had been previously used for a volume of poems by the late James Thomson, and that the publishers of the poems had given permission for its use as the title of Mr. Kipling's book. ROBERT PIERPOINT. recently conspicuous in Sir A. Conan Doyle's Hound of the Baskervilles,' claims a place in this mental chamber of horrors. J. DORMER. himself into a wolf; and Dryden has transVirgil speaks of a magician transforming lated the lines thus : Smeared with these powerful juices on the plain, We meet with werewolves in Petronius He howls a wolf among the hungry train. Arbiter. Pliny says that certain Arcadians a lake. In the Mort d'Arthur' a knight of were changed into wolves by swimming across the round table is changed by a witch into knight is doomed to become a wolf for three a wolf. In Marie's Lay of Bisclaveret' a days in the week. stolen he has to undergo the transformation When his clothes are permanently. In Medea's cauldron are the entrails of a werewolf : Inque virum soliti vultus mutare ferinos concerning a wolf which is changed to a In Marryat's 'Phantom Ship' is a story human being. A hunter in the Harz Mountains marries a wolf, which has assumed the shape of a woman. He kills her on detecting her in the act of devouring the flesh of his dead child; whereupon her body, which was that of a comely young woman, changes into its original form of a white wolf. There is a most beautiful story in Fouque's Magic Ring' of the daughter of a wizard who was changed to a white she wolf. E. YARDLEY. me......By Carlings and Gorlings To be sae Conditions of Literary Production.' This admirably sair opprest" (Ramsay, 1721). J. DORMER. and characteristically lucid paper gives some startling but, in a way, satisfactory statistics. When CADAVER (9th S. ix. 188, 490).—The follow-once he takes hold on any one of the many publics ng will show that the ridiculous derivation of cadaver was invented at least four centuries before Coke : "But he constantly obtrudes upon us his grammatical acquirements, and they are often very erroneous and very absurd. Thus, in treating of the various forms of vanity in one of the earlier chapters of the third book 'De Naturis Rerum,' he goes out of his way to inform us that the word cadaver consists of three syllables, representing three distinct words, which also have their meaning collectively thus, ca must be taken as representing caro, da as data, and ver as vermibus."-Thomas Wright, pp. xii, xiii of the preface to his edition of Alexander Neckam's 'De Naturis Rerum' and 'De Laudibus Divinæ Sapientiæ' (Rolls Series, 1863). Readers of this volume will look in vain for the "third book" of the 'De Naturis Rerum,' as only two are given, the last three being omitted as virtually forming a distinct work. This point is not mentioned in the article on Neckam in the 'D.N.B.' EDWARD BENSLY. The University, Adelaide, South Australia. CASTLE CAREWE (9th S. ix. 428, 490; x. 92, 214, 314, 373, 453). - Had COL. PRIDEAUX glanced first at the sketch pedigree he cites Ancestor, part ii. p. 98), and observed the part of Hamlet left out, and then at Mr. Round's exordium, he might have concluded with me that his author was following in the wake of Sir Bernard Burke as to the Geraldines (Vicissitudes of Families,' ed. 1859). Wondering how a frequenter of the Record Office could digest such pabulum, I had, on a closer reading, changed my view before the appearance of COL. PRIDEAUX's reply, which requires enlargement. Mr. Round, by omit ting the cardinal name (of William FitzGerald's son) Odo (derived, I imagine, from the founder of the family), is conceding the false claim to seniority of the Duke of Leinster's Geraldines. H. H. DRAKE. Miscellaneous. NOTES ON BOOKS, &c. The New Volumes of the Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. VI., being Vol. XXX. of the Complete Work. (A. & C. Black and the Times.) WITH SO much dispatch do volumes of 'The Encyclopædia Britannica' succeed each other, that while striving to the utmost to do justice to one of the most important intellectual labours of the day we find ourselves, in our own despite, falling into arrears. Vols. xxx. and xxxi. of the entire work (vi. and vii. of the additional portion) demand our immediate attention. We now deal only with the earlier volume (K-Mor), which begins with a prefatory essay by Mr. Augustine Birrell on 'Modern into which the book-(or play-) loving public is divided, the producer finds an immense fortune awaiting him. 'Charley's Aunt' has thus made". more money than is represented by the united fortunes of Scott, Thackeray, and Dickens." How this computation is arrived at we know not, but we have sufficient light on the subject to be indisposed to doubt. Beginning with 1 July, 1842, when the copyright Act for books came into operation, and when Macaulay said, in a famous speech, that none of us would lay down a five-pound note for a whole province in the heart of the Australian continent, the writer shows the influence of the growth of population and the spread of education. As regards the former alone, the white population has in the United States increased in the sixty years between 1842 and 1902 from fourteen millions to sixty-seven millions. What is said about the general growth of private libraries In this respect Scotland, it is curious to find, lags in recent years is borne out by our own observation. behind. "England," says Mr. Birrell, "is now full of good editions of good books, and the demand for them increases. Kafiristan, meaning literally the land of the infidel, is described, virtually for the first time in an encyclopædia, knowledge concerning it dating from 1885-6, when Sir W. Lockhart examined the passes of the Hindu Kush. It is dealt with rity on the subject. Kashmir is not only the home by Sir George Scott Robertson, a competent authofor romance, but is also, says Sir T. H. Holdich, a land of grim, gray catastrophe and horror." Military Kites' are discussed by Major Baden F. S. Baden-Powell, a late president of the Aeronautical Klondike is, of course, new, and is as yet imperSociety. The article has striking illustrations. fectly surveyed; and much is, naturally, added to our knowledge of Korea. Much space is accorded Mr. J. W. Headlam for his life of Louis Kossuth. A portrait accompanies the life of Paul Kruger. Kuen-Lun. Lives of Charles Samuel Keene, artist, Prince Kropotkin is responsible for the account of and of Kyôsai Sho-fu, the Japanese painter and caricaturist, have both full-page illustrations. Lopens with an essay by two authors on 'Labour Legisla tion,' which is outside our province, and occupies many pages. Under Lace' the manner in which in the competition of machinery with hand labour, technical knowledge has increased of late, especially is fully exhibited. Lagos, erected in 1886 into a separate colony, is dealt with by the Governor, Sir William Macgregor. After 'Landlord and Tenant' and Land Registration,' in regard to both of which great changes have been made, we come to the general heading Law,' which, so far as England is concerned, is in the hands of Lord Davey. It is, naturally, one of the half-dozen most important articles in the volume, and constitutes an unsurpassable summary of the effects produced by recent enactments. Under 'Lead Poisoning' will be found some saddening assertions and statistics. M. Legouvé, the dramatist, is still alive, having almost attained the great age of ninety-six. His birth is assigned to 5 February, 1807; we supposed it to be the 14th. А гергоduction of L'Amende Honorable of Alphonse Legros accompanies the life of that artist. is, of course, a coincidence that Leighton and Millais, so closely associated in life and in death, It |