(b) "Sliced crosswise" means canned squash consisting of units cut at right angle to the longitudinal axis into slices of approximately uniform thickness with parallel surfaces.

(c) "Diced" means canned squash which has been cut into fairly uniform diced units.

(d) "Cut" means canned squash cut into units which are not uniform in size or shape or which do not conform to any of the foregoing styles. [23 F. R. 1984, Mar. 26, 1958]

§ 52.3583

Grades of canned squash.

(a) "U.S. Grade A" or "U.S. Fancy" is the quality of canned squash that possesses similar varietal characteristics; that possesses a normal flavor; that possesses a fairly good color; that is fairly free from defects; that possesses a good character; and that for those factors which are rated in accordance with the scoring system outlined in this subpart the total score is not less than 85 points.

(b) "U. S. Grade C" or "U. S. Standard" is the quality of canned squash that sesses similar varietal characteristics; that possesses a normal flavor; that possesses a good color; that is practically free from defects; that possesses a fairly good character; and that for those factors which are rated in accordance with the scoring system outlined in this subpart the total score is not less than 70 points.

(c) "Substandard" is the quality of canned squash that fails to meet the requirements of U. S. Grade C or U. S. Standard.

FILL OF CONTAINER AND DRAINED WEIGHTS § 52.3584 Recommended fill of con

tainer.

The recommended fill of container is not incorporated in the grades of the finished product since fill of container, as such, is not a factor of quality for the purpose of these grades. It is recommended that each container of canned squash be filled with squash as full as practicable without impairment of quality and that the product and packing medium occupy not less than 90 percent of the volume of the container. § 52.3585 Drained weights.

(a) General. The minimum drained weight recommendations for canned

squash in table I hereof are not incorporated in the grades of the finished product since drained weight, as such, is not a factor of quality for the purpose of these grades.

(b) Method for ascertaining drained weight. The drained weight is determined by emptying the contents of the container upon a United States Standard No. 8 sieve of proper diameter so as to distribute the product evenly, inclining the sieve to facilitate drainage, and allow the product to drain for two minutes. The drained weight is the weight of the sieve and the product less the weight of the dry sieve. A sieve 8 inches in diameter is used for the No. 3 size can (404 x 414) and smaller sizes; and a sieve 12 inches in diameter is used for containers larger than the equivalent of the No. 3 size can.

(c) Compliance with recommended drained weights. Compliance with the recommended drained weights is determined by averaging the drained weight from all the containers which are representative of a specific lot and such lot is considered as meeting the recommendations if the following criteria are met:

(1) The average of the drained weights from all of the containers meets the recommended drained weights.

(2) One-half or more of the containers meets the recommended drained weight; and

(3) The drained weights from the containers which do not meet the recommended drained weight are within the range of variability for good commercial practice.

TABLE I-Recommended minimum drained weights, in ounces, of canned squash

(a) (A) classification. Canned squash that possesses a good color may be given a score of 17 to 20 points. "Good color" means that the color of the squash is bright and typical of young and tender squash of similar varietal characteristics which has been properly processed.

(b) (C) classification. Canned squash that possesses a fairly good color may be given a score of 14 to 16 points. Canned squash that falls into this classification shall not be graded above U. S. Grade C or U. S. Standard, regardless of the total score for the product (this is a limiting rule). "Fairly good color" means that the color of the squash is typical of fairly young and tender squash of similar varietal characteristics which has been properly processed.

(c) (SStd.) classification. Canned squash that fails to meet the require

ments of paragraph (b) of this section may be given a score of 0 to 13 points and shall not be graded above Substandard, regardless of the total score for the product (this is a limiting rule).

§ 52.3589 Defects.

(a) General. The factor of defects refers to the degree of freedom from harmless extraneous vegetable material, sand, grit, or silt, poorly cut units, units damaged by mechanical injury, and units damaged by discoloration, scars, insect, injury, or damaged by other

means.

(1) "Unit" means a whole squash or a portion of a squash.

(2) "Damaged unit" means any unit damaged by discoloration, scars, insect injury, or by other means except damaged by mechanical injury to the extent that the appearance or eating quality is materially affected.

(3) "Seriously damaged” means damaged to the extent that the appearance or eating quality of the unit is seriously affected.

(4) "Harmless extraneous vegetable material" means leaves, detached stems or portions thereof, or similar vegetable material.

(5) "Poorly cut" means units with attached stems or stem material, very ragged cut units, and pieces of less than one-half slice in sliced style squash, pieces measuring one-half inch or less in the longest dimension for cut style, and pieces measuring less than onequarter inch in the longest dimension for diced style.

(6) "Damaged by mechanical injury" means broken or mashed to such an extent that the appearance or eating quality of the unit is seriously affected.

(7) "Sand, grit, or silt" means any particle of earthy material.

(b) (A) classification. Canned squash that is practically free from defects may be given a score of 34 to 40 points. "Practically free from defects" means that the product contains no grit, sand, or silt that affects the eating quality or appearance of the canned squash; that for each 12 ounces of drained weight there may be present not more than one piece of harmless extraneous vegetable material. The combined weight of all other defects and defective units shall not exceed 12 percent of the drained weight of the units: Provided, That

(1) Not more than 4 percent, by weight, is of damaged units and of such 4 percent not more than one-fourth thereof or 1 percent, by weight, of all the units consist of units that are seriously damaged; or

(2) Not more than 10 percent, by weight, is of poorly cut units, or of units damaged by mechanical injury, or any combination thereof of not more than 10 percent, by weight: Provided, That poorly cut units with attached stems or stem material does not exceed 2 percent, by weight.

(c) (C) classification. If the canned squash is fairly free from defects a score of 28 to 33 points may be given. Canned squash that falls into this classification shall not be graded above U. S. Grade C or U. S. Standard, regardless of the total score for the product (this is a limiting rule). "Fairly free from defects" means that the product may contain a trace of sand, grit, or silt that does not materially affect the eating quality or appearance of the canned squash; that for each 12 ounces of drained weight there may be present not more than two pieces of harmless extraneous vegetable material. The combined weight of all other defects and defective units shall not exceed 20 percent of the drained weight of the units: Provided, That

(1) Not more than 8 percent, by weight, is of damaged units and of such 8 percent, not more than one-fourth thereof or 2 percent, by weight, of all the units consist of units that are seriously damaged.

(2) Not more than 15 percent, by weight, is of poorly cut units, or of units damaged by mechanical injury, or any combination thereof of not more than 15 percent, by weight: Provided, That poorly cut units with attached stems or stem material does not exceed 5 percent, by weight.

(d) (SStd.) classification. Canned squash that fails to meet the requirements of paragraph (c) of this section may be given a score of 0 to 27 points and shall not be graded above Substandard, regardless of the total score for the product (this is a limiting rule).

[22 F. R. 6081, Aug. 2, 1957, as amended at 23 F. R. 1984, Mar. 26, 1958]

ness, and the degree of development of the seeds.

(b) (A) classification. Canned squash that possesses a good character may be given a score of 34 to 40 points. "Good character" means that the units are practically intact, are fleshy and tender, that the seeds are in the immature stage, and that not more than 5 percent, by weight, of the units may be of fairly good character.

(c) (C) classification. If the canned squash possesses a fairly good character a score of 28 to 33 points may be given. Canned squash that falls into this classification shall not be graded above U. S. Grade C or U. S. Standard, regardless of the total score for the product (this is a limiting rule). "Fairly good character" means that the units may show slight disintegration, may have lost to a considerable extent their fleshy texture, may be fairly tender, and that the seeds may have passed the immature stage of maturity, but are not hard and that not more than 10 percent, by weight, of the units fail to meet the requirements for fairly good character.

(d) (SStd.) classification. Canned squash that fails to meet the requirements of paragraph (c) of this section may be given a score of 0 to 27 points and shall not be graded above Substandard, regardless of the total score for the product (this is a limiting rule).

LOT INSPECTION AND CERTIFICATION § 52.3591 Ascertaining the grade of a lot.

The grade of a lot of Canned Squash (Summer Type) covered by these standards is determined by the procedures set forth in the Regulations Governing Inspection and Certification of Processed Fruits and Vegetables, Processed Products Thereof, and Certain Other Processed Food Products (§§ 52.1 to 52.87).

Size and kind of container.

Container marks or identification. Label.

Net weight (ounces).

Drained weight (ounces).

Style (whole, sliced, cut).

(a) "U.S. Grade A" (or "U.S. Fancy") is the quality of canned tomato juice that possesses a good color; that possesses a good consistency; that is practically free from defects; that possesses a good flavor; and scores not less than 85 points when scored in accordance with the scoring system outlined in this subpart: Provided, That the canned tomato juice may possess only a fairly good color, scoring not less than 25 points and a fairly good consistency, if the total score is not less than 85 points.

(b) "U. S. Grade C" (or "U. S. Standard") is the quality of canned tomato juice that possesses a fairly good color; that possesses a fairly good consistency; that is fairly free from defects; that possesses a fairly good flavor, and that scores not less than 70 points when

(a) General. (1) The amount of red in the canned tomato juice is determined by comparing the color of the product with that produced by spinning a combination of the following Munsell color discs:

Disc 1-Red (5R 2.6/13) (glossy finish). Disc 2-Yellow (2.5 YR 5/12) (glossy finish).

Disc 3-Black (N1) (glossy finish).
Disc 4 Grey (N4) (mat finish).

(2) Such comparison is to be made under a diffused light source of approximately 250 foot-candle intensity and having a spectral quality approximating that of daylight under a moderately overcast sky, and a color temperature of 7500 degrees Kelvin ± 200 degrees. With the light source directly over the disc

and product, observation is made at an angle of 45 degrees from a distance of about 24 inches from the product.

(b) (A) classification. Canned tomato juice that possesses a good color may be given a score of 26 to 30 points. "Good color” means a color that is typical of canned tomato juice, made from well ripened red tomatoes, which has been properly prepared and properly processed. Such color contains as much red as, or more red than, that produced by spinning the specified Munsell color discs in the following combinations: 65 percent of the area of Disc 1; 21 percent of the area of Disc 2; 14 percent of the area of Disc 3 or of Disc 4, or 7 percent of the area of Disc 3 and 7 percent of the area of Disc 4, whichever most nearly matches the reflectance of the product.

(c) (C) classification. If the canned tomato juice possesses a fairly good color a score of 23 to 25 points may be given. Canned tomato juice that scores 23 or 24 points for color shall not be graded above U. S. Grade C, regardless of the total score for the product (this is a partial limiting rule). "Fairly good color" means a color that is typical of canned tomato juice. To score 25 points for color the juice shall contain as much red as, or more red than, that produced by spinning the specified Munsell color discs in the following combinations: 59 percent of the area of Disc 1; 241⁄2 percent of the area of Disc 2; 161⁄2 percent of the area of either Disc 3 or Disc 4, or 84 percent of the area of Disc 3 and 84 percent of the area of Disc 4, whichever most nearly matches the reflectance of the product. To score 23 or 24 points for color the canned tomato juice shall contain as much red as, or more red than, that produced by spinning the specified Munsell color discs in the following combinations: 53 percent of the area of Disc 1; 28 percent of the area of Disc 2; 19 percent of the area of either Disc 3 or Disc 4, or 92 percent of the area of Disc 3 and 92 percent of the area of Disc 4, whichever most nearly matches the reflectance of the product.

(d) (SStd.) classification. Canned tomato juice that fails to meet the requirements of paragraph (c) of this section may be given a score of 0 to 22 points and shall not be graded above Substandard, regardless of the total score for the product (this is a limiting rule).

§ 52.3626 Consistency.

(a) General. This factor has reference to the viscosity of the product. The tendency of the insoluble solids to separate, leaving practically clear liquid at the top is also to be noted in this connection.

classification.

(b) (A) Canned tomato juice that possesses a good consistency may be given a score of 13 to 15 points. "Good consistency" means that the canned tomato juice flows readily; has a normal amount of insoluble tomato solids in suspension; and that there is little tendency for such solids to settle out.

(c) (C) classification. If the canned tomato juice possesses a fairly good consistency a score of 10 to 12 points may be given. "Fairly good consistency" means that the product flows readily; has a normal amount of insoluble tomato solids in suspension; and that there is not a marked tendency for such solids to settle out.

(d) (SStd.) classification. Canned tomato juice that fails to meet the requirements of paragraph (c) of this section may be given a score of 0 to 9 points and shall not be graded above Substandard, regardless of the total score for the product (this is a limiting rule).

§ 52.3627 Defects.

(a) General. The factor of defects refers to the degree of freedom from defects, such as dark specks or scale-like particles, seeds, particles of seed, tomato peel, core material, or other similar substances.

(b) (A) classification. Canned tomato juice that is practically free from defects may be given a score of 13 to 15 points. "Practically free from defects" means that any defects present do not more than slightly affect the appearance or drinking quality of the product.

(c) (C) classification. If the canned tomato juice is fairly free from defects a score of 10 to 12 points may be given. Canned tomato juice that falls into this classification shall not be graded above U. S. Grade C, regardless of the total score for the product (this is a limiting rule). "Fairly free from defects" means that any defects present may be noticeable, but are not so large, so