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work. The following city-pair end points were recommended in the report:

Boston to New York-Washington to New York-New York to Buffalo—
Detroit to Chicago-Chicago to Cincinnati-St. Louis to Chicago—
New York to Miami-Chicago to Miami-New York to New Orleans-
New York to Chicago-Washington to St. Louis-Chicago to Houston-
Chicago to New Orleans-Seattle to Chicago-San Francisco to Chicago-
and Los Angeles to Chicago.

These routes will reach from coast to coast. Terminal points on the west coast will be Seattle, San Francisco, and Los Angeles. The southern terminals will be Miami, New Orleans, and Houston. The principal eastern points linked into the system will be New York, Boston, Philadelphia, and Washington, D.C. In the midwest, Chicago and St. Louis will be key points.

Outside the Department

Nader Prevails in Suit Involving Compliance Time on Auto Safety Standards

In Civil Action No. 975-70, Ralph Nader v. John Volpe, the United States District Court for the District of Columbia has ruled that DOT is without authority to extend time for compliance with safety standards to a single manufacturer. In reaching the decision which involved the application of the National Traffic & Motor Safety Act of 1966, the Court stated:

In this case, the Government argues that an administrative agency has not only express authority but also implied authority to carry out the import of its statute. Since there is no express authority in the Act to extend time to a single manufacturer, they argue that this extension can be implied. Since Section 1392 (e) allows for an industry-wide extension from a safety standard, the Government argues that, a fortiori, the Department can grant the extension to a single industry.

The Court notes that when the Act was originally adopted, Section 1410 I did not exist. At first the Department of Transportation did not feel that it had the statutory authority to grant single manufacturer extensions, but due to the hardship felt by some small manufacturers of specialty cars, the Congress enacted Section 1410. This section, however, is specifically limited to manufacturers who annually produce five hundred cars or less.

Thus, when there was an awareness on the part of Congress that special provisions should be made for single manufacturers, such provisions were restricted. Congress did not provide extensions for single-car manufacturers across the board. In fact, from the action it did take, it is logical to presume that it never intended to have a single manufacturer extension for producers who exceeded the five hundred vehicle limit, and the Court so holds.

ARTICLES IN PERIODICALS *

SPEECHES BY COMMISSIONERS

Stafford, George M., Chairman.

Improving costs and profits. Before the Ohio Chapter of the
American Society of Traffic and Transportation, Inc., Akron, Ohio,
September 24, 1970.

The Interstate Commerce Commission looks at motor transport.
Before the annual convention of the Missouri Bus and Truck As-
sociation, Lake Ozark, Mo., October 2, 1970.

Remarks ... before the District No. 1. Chapter, Association of Interstate Commerce Commission Practitioners, Boston, Mass., October 14, 1970.

Remarks ... before the Board of Directors of the American Truck-
ing Associations, Inc., New York, N.Y., October 21, 1970.

Remarks ... before the Annual Luncheon of the Eastern Industrial
Traffic League, New York, N.Y., October 22, 1970.

Hardin, Dale W., Vice Chairman.

Observations on inter-agency cooperation. At the 41st Annual
Meeting of the National Association of Motor Bus Owners, Chicago,
Ill., September 16, 1970.

Remarks ... before the Board of Governors and Annual Member-
ship Meeting, Regular Common Carrier Conference, New York,
N.Y., October 19, 1970.

Murphy, Rupert L.

Transportation service problems. Before the 143rd Regular Meeting of the Pacific Coast Shippers Advisory Board, Monterey, Calif., September 10, 1970.

Brewer, W. Donald

Remarks . . . before the Seventh Annual Kentucky Science and Industry Procurement Conference, Lexington, Ky., October 7, 1970. ARTICLES IN PERIODICALS

Abouchar, Alan

The theory of optimal multi-product output and pricing under joint costs and variable technology. J of Political Economy July/ August 1970, p. 729-744.

* Excerpted from the Library Bulletin of the Interstate Commerce Commission.

Bagge, Carl E., Hon.

The quality of life: Challenge to regulation. Pub Ut Fort September 10, 1970, p. 15-20.

Barrett, Colin

The elements of private carriage. Part III: The managerial decision. Transp & Dist Mgmnt September 1970, p. 21-28.

Bentley, Helen Delich

How the shipping world should lead the intermodal movement.
ICC Prac J September-October 1970, p. 930-934.

Butler, Robert M., and Joseph L. Robertson

Truck leader terms regulatory loopholes real reason for rail industry problems. Traf W October 26, 1970, p. 11, 14.

Carr, Braxton B.

Waterways offer modern transport at "bargain-basement" prices.
Traf W September 14, 1970, p. 28-30.

Coleman, Phillip I.

Is railroad accounting off the track? J of Account October 1970, p. 64-68.

DeGurse, John L., Jr.

The "Container Clause" in Article 4(5) of the 1968 Protocol to the Hague Rules. J of Maritime Law and Commerce October 1970, p. 131-146.

Engdhal, David E.

66

Interstate urban areas and interstate "agreements' and compacts": Unclear possibilities. Georgetown Law J March-May 1970, p. 799-820.

Gifford, Gilbert L.

The small shipment problem. Transp J Fall, 1970, p. 17-27.
Goldstein, Louis L.

Some problems of state, local and Federal relationships. Fed Acct
September 1970, p. 29-36.

Gray, Horace M.

The role of competition in the regulated industries. Pub Ut Fort
October 8, 1970, p. 35-39.

Helmetag, Carl, Jr.

Common ownership of rail and motor carriers: The case for the railroads. Texas Law Rev May 1970, p. 889-907.

Howell, Robert E.

Growth and problems of containerization. Dist Worldwide September 1970, p. 37-41.

Ingram, John W.

Service in the '70's-How saleable must it be? Modern Railroads
September 1970, p. 112-116.

Koch, Edward I., Hon.

Getting out of the quicksand of our transportation morass. Comm & Fin Chron September 3, 1970, p. 1, 14.

Kuyper, Adrian

Intergovernmental cooperation: An analysis of the Lakewood Plan.
Georgetown Law J March-May 1970, p. 777-798. ~ .

Langdon, Jervis, Jr.

The rails in tomorrow's society. Modern Railroads September 1970, p. 139-141.

Lathrop, W. H., Jr.

A transit demonstration project. Transp J Fall, 1970, p. 28-33. Lyons, R. A.

Some thoughts on general average in the container age. J of Maritime Law and Commerce October 1970, p. 165-172.

Mauro, Arthur V.

Conglomerates-Is regulation necessary? ICC Prac J September-
October 1970, p. 955-962.

Mautz, R. K., and Jack Gray

Some thoughts on research needs in accounting. J of Account September 1970, p. 54-62.

Mohring, Herbert

The peak load problem with increasing returns and pricing constraints. Am Ec Rev September 1970, p. 693-705.

Morse, Ellsworth H., Jr.

Recent developments and future trends in government contract accounting. Fed Acct September 1970, p. 13-28.

Olsson, John P.

Planning for growth. ICC Prac J September-October 1970, p.

949-954.

Panel discussion: Pros and cons of conglomerates as they affect transportation. L. L. Waters, moderator. ICC Prac J September-October 1970, p. 963-986.

Panel discussion: Service. John R. Sims, Jr., moderator. ICC Prac J September-October 1970, p. 987-1007.

Patton, Edwin P.

Implications of motor carrier growth and size. Transp J Fall 1970, p. 34-52.

Ronan, Dr. William J.

Rails and tomorrow's cities. Modern Railroads September 1970, p. 124-129.

Schary, Philip B.

The dimensions of physical distribution. Transp J Fall 1970, p. 5-16.

Shaffer, Frank E.

The railroads' billion dollar boon (unit trains). Modern Railroads
October 1970, p. 37-39.

Slesinger, Reuben E.

Cost analysis approach to utility ratemaking. Pub Ut Fort September 24, 1970, p. 26-31.

Vatter, William J.

Excerpts from "Standards for cost analysis." Fed Acct September 1970, p. 65-87.

Volpe, John A.

Doubling transportation capacity in next 20 years. Com & Fin
Chron September 17, 1970, p. 1, 14.

Wagner, William B.

The choice of leasing. [Supplement to the elements of private carriage.] Transp & Dist Mgmnt October 1970, p. 58-62.

Webb, Charles A.

Reflections on the report of Nader's raiders. ICC Prac J September-October 1970, p. 943-948.

Weller, John L.

The great shipping revolution. Hdlg & Shipg September 1970, p. 49-51.

The great shipping revolution. Part 2. Hdlg & Shipg October 1970, p. 58-61.

Welty, Gus

TOFC/COFC in the 70s: How big will it be? Railway Age October 26, 1970, p. 34-43.

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