lace, having a sense of the need of a reliable military protection, and realizing that when Federal troops were withdrawn, they would be forced to rely on their own resources, applied to the Governor, through General Curtis, for permission to organize an efficient company, to replace that disbanded.

Early in August, their application was favorably considered and on the 7th of September, the company designated as as Company A, Second Regiment, I. N. G., was mustered into the service, with the following officers: Captain, William S. Sims; First Lieutenant, William C. Fuman; Second Lieutenant, William E. Mann. The rank and file were composed of the most prominent and influential young men of the county. A regular army officer drilled them, and the greatest interest was evinced in mastering the details of the drill regulations. They quickly became a credit to the State.

The Populist Legislature of 1893 practically abolished the Idaho National Guard by withholding all appropriations for it. Representative Neil, who had been a prisoner in Shoshone County in 1892, moved that the militia item be stricken out of the Appropriation Bill for 1895, on the ground that the militia. was worse than useless, powerless to quell riots, and only a burden to the State. He said there had never been an instance when the militia was called out that United States troops did not assist, being generally first on the scene of action. The motion carried without division.

As the fall advanced, the political campaign was the engrossing feature of the situation, wild rumors gained currency, and the undercurrent of lawlessness cropped out from time to time. On October 19, a notice written on a fly leaf of a pocket note book was found fastened at the upper tunnel of the Gem Mine :

Look out, scabs. One more warning, the last one. Before this month is over 1500 lbs, of Giant powder will be exploded and all in this mine will be sent to Hell. It is in the mine, the fuse attached, now ready for action. If we can't work the mine no one else shall.

Bloody Jack.

On the same day there was deposited in the Gem Post Office a letter addressed to Mrs. John Monahan, wife of the foreman of the Gem Mine; the letter was written upon a fly leaf evidently torn from the same note book and read as follows:

Dear Madam:

I have a wife and daughters

myself. Therefore am sorry for you. The day

of reckoning is close upon all Scabs. Your husband will be blown into fragments inside of a month and the next fight will not be a milk and water one like the last. The men will be killed, and the women raped. Young and old. Get out!!! and leave Monahan to the fate he deserves.

These anonymous communications threw Cañon Creek into a state of great excitement. The notes were empty threats. No clew was obtained of the prepetrators. Nevertheless the float from the hidden vein of Anarchism had a most disturbing effect.

The November elections passed off without bloodshed. One source of congratulation to the law and order element of Idaho, thank God, was a majority in the State, if not in Shoshone County, for General James F. Curtis for Secretary of State, Republican nominee, and this in spite of the venomous attacks made upon him for his fearless discharge of the arduous and trying duties of the position which he had been so unexpectedly called upon to fill.

The 19th of November, martial law was suspended by proclamation in which occurred the following order :—

II. The commanding officer desires to express his great appreciation of the moral support which

the law abiding citizens of Shoshone County have given him in restoring the peaceable and prosperous state of affairs now existing.

He wishes also to acknowledge the cordial and efficient support rendered by the officers and enlisted men of 4th, 14th, 22d, and 25th U. S. Infantry, and especially to Gen. W. P. Carlin, Col. 4th Infantry, who since July last has been in command of the U. S. troops in the "Coeur d'Alénes," and whose prudent and wise disposition of the troops prevented a conflict, which on July 13th, seemed impossible to avoid.

By order Colonel James F. Curtis.

T. J. Cable, Lieut. I. N. G., A. A. A. G. The four remaining companies of the Fourth Infantry were withdrawn to their respective stations, and the military gave way to civil rule.

A most formidable insurrection had been suppressed without the shedding of a drop of blood by the military authorities, and although both State and general government had been forced to great expense to maintain law and order, they had effectually demonstrated their ability to do so. In the opinion of the thinking men familiar with the details of the trouble adequate punishment was never inflicted upon the great body of the malefactors. Was this due to a faulty system of trial by jury, or to mistaken. clemency on the part of the courts? The cost to the State of Idaho was paid by appropriations of the Legislatures of 1893, $16,000; and 1895, $7,650; total, $23,650. This amount included a per diem of one dollar to the enlisted men of the militia who were on service,

the transportation charges of the Union Pacific Railroad Company, and the maintenance of the State troops and of the prisoners for that portion of the time before they were turned over to the custody of the United States Marshal. The Chief Quartermaster of the Department of the Columbia reported that $34,110.25 was expended in that Department in connection with the movement of troops in the district. These are the only figures I have been able to obtain, and represent but a small portion of the total expenditures.

The cost to the community immediately concerned, although enormous, cannot be estimated in mere dollars and cents. It was far reaching in its consequences and involved financial ruin to many engaged in mercantile pursuits and the alternative of starvation or emigration to hundreds of the laboring classes.

The action of the mine owners in again giving employment to the rioters and members of the Miners' Union has practically condoned their offenses. The low price of silver and lead has had less effect in paralyzing the industries of the section than has the continued unfortunate and impudent demands of the Miners' Union. In many of our States rioting is a misdemeanor. It should be made so in all, and the District Attorney that did not enforce this law should be considered a more dangerous enemy than the rioter. George Edgar French, 1st. Lieut. 4th U. S. Infantry.

garden below. The breeze, heavy with smell of flowers and alive with dancing points of gold, moved in and out the open window of the ancient belfry with a loving caress to which the Mission bells were sensitive, for they swung without sound back and forth. I could look straight down, by turning my head, into the Mission garden with its encompassing corridors, where an aged monk in gown and hood was trimming the roses. There were date palms, tamarisks, acacias and pepper trees bordering the walks and flowering vines and orange trees covered with flowers and fruit along the sides of the quadrangle. The monk, as I watched, cut a great yellow "Gold of Ophir" rose from its tree and held it up to his kindly old face. The leaves

dropped in a gilded shower about his feet and he smiled sweetly as he noticed me. He was one of nine whose lives are wholly spent within the monastery walls.

The country from the gentle tops of the Santa Ynez Mountains, whose early shadows were already stealing lovingly out towards the massive walls, directly in front to the graceful outline of the harbor where rode the Olympia, to Montecito on the right and Goleta on the left, as far as eye could see, once belonged to this church. Of the hundreds of Indians that worked the fertile acres no monument remains among the quaint tombs that lie close beside the church they so laboriously raised. Between the square twin towers in which hang the bells that