or when the court is of opinion that the penalty requested is not the proper one according to the classification of the crime, but that a higher penalty should be imposed, it shall order the continuation of

the trial.

The parties shall in such case be informed in order that within three days they may propose the elements of proof of which they intend to avail themselves, for which purpose the record shall be exhibited to them in the office of the recording clerk; and after the evidence has been submitted, the action shall subsequently continue according to the ordinary rules, but, nevertheless, the court must reduce the periods as much as possible.

If the prosecuting official should be of opinion that the penalty corresponding to the crime should be a corporal one, he shall so inform

delivered at once to the counsel, in order that they may act upon the conclusions of the fiscal, afterwards served upon the accused, it answered (question 15 of the report of 1887):

"The terms in which arts. 795 and 796 of the law of criminal procedure are drafted, decide the question to the effect that the classification of the fiscal must be served upon the accused in order that he may state whether he agrees therewith or not, and in the latter case the record shall be exhibited in the office of the secretary in order that the parties may propose the elements of proof of which they intend to avail themselves."

In accordance with the foregoing, the Supreme Court in a decision of November 9, 1883, in annulling another condemnatory one pronounced in a cause involving a flagrant crime, in which the sumario was referred to the fiscal and the classification of the latter was then served upon the accused, who interposed an appeal for annulment based upon No. 1 of art. 911, on account of not having been able to submit evidence, the sumario not having been delivered to him, stated that art. 794 grants to the parties equal rights, as in the case of art. 652, art. 656, prescribing that the evidence be proposed at the time of the classification, differing in this point from art. 794, which leaves this decision pending for the case mentioned in the third paragraph of art. 795, and in view of the provisions of said articles and without it being possible to grant to the prosecution more means or remedies than to the defence, the sumario must be delivered to the accuser as one of the parties to the action in order that he may make the classification within a period of three days, without this being in contravention of the provisions of the said paragraph, which can only refer to those who may have limited themselves to making a classification observing only the provisions of the said art. 794.

The precept of art. 794 of the law of criminal procedure in ordering that after the sumario has been transmitted by the judge of examination to the proper court it be referred successively to the parties, beginning with the public prosecutor, for the classification of the crime, grants to the former equal rights and places them in an identical situation with regard to the crime, as occurs also in the cases mentioned in articles 652 and 656 of said law; and as it is not possible to grant to the prosecution more means or ways nor place it in a more advantageous situation than the defence, it is absolutely necessary to deliver the sumario to the counsel of the accused, who is one of the essential parties to a criminal action, in order that within a period of three days, which is also allowed the prosecution, he may submit his written conclusions, without an obstacle thereto being the provision of the second paragraph of art. 796, which can only refer to those who may have confined themselves to making the classification in view of the precepts of art. 794. (Decision of January 15, 1884.)

instructor, con objeto de que se sustancie por el procedimiento ordinario.

ART. 797. Los tribunales despacharán y verán preferentemente las causas que se refieran á delincuentes infraganti.

ART. 798. Inmediatamente que termine el juicio, se reunirá el tribunal para deliberar y pronunciar la sentensia, que deberá ser publicada en el mismo día, ó á más tardar en el siguiente.

ART. 799. El resultado del juicio oral se hará constar en acta que suscribirán los individuos del tribunal, el ministerio fiscal, el defensor y el secretario.

ART. 800. Contra la resolución del tribunal procederá el recurso de casación por infracción de ley, si en el acto de publicarse la sentencia el procesado, su defensor ó el ministerio fiscal, manifiestan querer utilizar dicho recurso.

Si hicieran dicha manifestación, se considerará preparado por sólo este hecho, y se remitirá copia literal del fallo al Tribunal Supremo en el mismo día, quedando en la secretaría del tribunal sentenciador el original.

El recurso por quebrantamiente de forma podrá interponerse también en los dos días siguientes al de la última notificación.

ART. 801. La admisión, sustanciación, y decisión de estos recursos se acomodará á las reglas establecidas en el título I del libro quinto; pero se turnarán y verán con preferencia á los demás.

ART. 802. El Tribunal Supremo dictará y publicará la sentencia en la misma forma y plazo señalado en el art. 798.

ART. 803. Publicada la sentencia por el Tribunal Supremo, se librará la correspondiente certificación al tribunal sentenciador para su ejecución, quedando testimonio bastante para liquidar las costas causadas y determinar sobre la inversión del depósito.

the court in order that the cause may be returned to the examining judge for a hearing and determination thereof according to the ordinary procedure.

ART. 797. The courts shall give preference to the hearing and determination of causes relating to flagrant crimes.

ART. 798. Immediately after the conclusion of the action the court shall assemble to deliberate and pronounce sentence, which must be made public the same or not later than the following day.

ART. 799. The result of the oral trial shall be recorded in an instru ment which shall be subscribed by the members of the court, the prosecuting official, the counsel, and the secretary.

ART. 800. An appeal for annullment of judgment for a violation of law lies from the decision of the court, if at the time of the publication of the sentence the accused, his counsel, or the prosecuting official shall indicate that he desires to avail himself of this remedy.

Should such statement be made, the appeal shall be considered prepared by this act merely, and a true copy of the sentence shall be transmitted to the supreme court on the same day, the original being retained in the office of the secretary of the sentencing court.

An appeal for breach of form may also be interposed within two days following that of the last notice.

ART. 801. The admission, hearing, and decision of these appeals shall conform to the rules established in Title I, of the fifth book; but they shall be placed upon the calendar and heard before other appeals.

ART. 802. The Supreme Court shall render and publish the sentence in the form and within the period fixed in article 798.

ART. 803. After the sentence has been published by the Supreme Court the proper certified copy shall be issued to the sentencing court for its execution, an attested copy sufficient for the liquidation of the costs incurred and to determine the inversion of the deposit being retained.

TÍTULO IV.

DEL PROCEDIMIENTO POR DELITOS DE INJURIA Y CALUMNIA CONTRA

PARTICULARES.

ART. 804. No se admitirá querella por injuria ó calumnia inferidas á particulares si no se presenta certificación de haber celebrado el querellante acto de conciliación con el querellado, ó de haberlo intentado sin efecto.

ART. 805. Si la querella fuere por injuria ó calumnia vertidas en juicio, será necesario acreditar además la autorización del juez ó tribunal ante quien hubiesen sido inferidas.

Esta autorización no se estimará prueba bastante de la imputación. ART. 806. Si la injuria y calumnia se hubieren inferido por escrito, se presentará, siendo posible, el documento que la contenga.

ART. 807. Cuando se trate de injurias ó calumnias inferidas por escrito, reconocido éste por la persona legalmente responsable, y comprobado si ha existido ó no la publicidad á que se refiere el respectivo artículo del código penal, se dará por terminado el sumario, previo el procesamiento del querellado.

ART. 808. Si se tratare de injurias ó calumnias inferidas verbalmente, presentada la querella, el juez instructor mandará convocar á juicio verbal al querellante, al querellado y á los testigos que puedan dar razón de los hechos, señalando día y hora para la celebración del juicio.

ART. 809. El juicio deberá celebrarse dentro de los tres días siguientes al de la presentación de la querella, ante el juez instructor á quien quien corresponda su conocimiento.

Si hubiere causa justa y se hiciere constar por certificación del secretario, podrá ampliarse hasta ocho días el término para la celebración del juicio verbal.

ART. 810. De las reglas establecidas en los tres artículos anteriores se exceptúan las injurias dirigidas contra funcionarios públicos sobre hechos concernientes al ejercicio de sus cargos, así como también la calumnia, cuando los acusados manifiesten querer probar antes del juicio oral la certeza de la imputación injuriosa ó del hecho criminal que hubiesen imputado.

TITLE IV.

PROCEEDINGS UPON CRIMES OF CONTUMELY AND CALUMNY AGAINST PRIVATE INDIVIDUALS.

ART. 804. No complaint for acts of contumely or calumny against private individuals shall be admitted unless a certificate be presented showing that proceedings to effect a conciliation have been held with the complainant or that an unsuccessful attempt was made for this purpose.

ART. 805. If the complaint should be of an act of contumely or calumny committed during a judicial proceeding, it shall be necessary furthermore to show the authority of the judge or court before whom it was committed.

This authority shall not be considered sufficient proof of the charge. ART. 806. If the act of contumely and calumny should have been committed in writing, the document containing the same shall be presented if possible.

ART. 807. When acts of contumely or calumny committed in writing are in question, when such writing is acknowledged by the person legally liable, and after it has been proven whether or not the publicity referred to in the respective article of the penal code has existed, the sumario shall be considered closed after the indictment of the defendant.

ART. 808. If verbal acts of contumely or calumny should be in question after the complaint has been presented, the examining judge shall cite the complainant, the defendant, and the witnesses who can testify as to the acts for an oral trial, setting a day and hour for the

same.

ART. 809. The trial must be held within three days after the filing of the complaint before the examining judge of competent jurisdiction.

Should there be just cause established by a certificate of the secretary, the time for the holding of the oral trial may be extended to eight days.

ART. 810. Acts of contumely against public officials relating to matters concerning the exercise of their duties are excepted from the rules established in the three preceding articles, as well as calumny, when the accused state that they desire to prove before the oral trial the truth of the defamatory imputation or of the criminal act charged.