LONDON, SATURDAY, APRIL 24, 1915.

CONTENTS.-No. 278.

NOTES:-Was Webster a Contributor to 'Overbury's
Characters'? 313-Bibliography of Irish Counties and
Towns, 315-'The Gloucester Journal': Numbering of
Volumes-The Banner of Sir Philip Francis, 317-"Twin"
-Hangleton-"The New Shool," Stamford Hill, 318.
QUERIES:-Burke's Wife - Charles Dickson, Translator
of Bion and Moschus, 319-Easter Hare-Easter Eggs
Good Saturday-Old Plays-Martin Ware of Greenwich
-Wallop or Walhope Family - Necessary Nicknames,
320-John Williamson, Mayor of Coventry-Author
Wanted - Raeburn's Portrait of the Fourth Duke of
Gordon-" Wick "-Ambrose Philips-Chapters of Denain
and Maubeuge-Sir Samuel Gower-Film Producing
Companies-Ludgate or Grafton Picture of Shakespeare
-Lead Cistern, 321-David Lloyd, Welsh Bard-M. de
Breval-Stockeagles"- Chantries-Heraldic Query-

Armour of William the Co queror, 322.

de Baena-Portraits of Thoreau - Pack-horses, 329

66

wrong. Scarcely had my assertion that Webster's A Monumental Column' of 1613 owed not a single line " to the 1615 'Characters' appeared in print, when I discovered the two passages common to these works to which BARON BOURGEOIS has drawn attention. I then realized that the occurrence of these passages, coupled with the parallel between The White Devil' and the Character of A Sexton' already noted, must be accounted for in one or other of the following ways: (1) that Webster had seen the New Characters' before they found their way into print; (2) that the author of the New Characters,' and the author of The White Devil,'' The Duchess of Malfy,' and A Monumental Column,' were one and the same person; or (3) that the passages in question were borrowed independently by Webster and the Character-writer from the The third of these hypotheses

6

same source.

REPLIES:- General Bibliography relating to Gretna Green, 322-Col. the Hon. Cosmo Gordon-Queues in the Army Abolished, 324-Daniel Eccleston-Marybone Lane and Swallow Street-Elizabeth Cobbold-"Statesman Sir Charles Ashburnham, 325-Dreains and Literature I dismiss, because the independent borrowing The Military Medal and Sir John French-John Trusler by two writers of so many identical passages Beards- Biographical Information Wanted, 326Professors at Debitzen-" An inchalffe hesper"-Pictures is in the highest degree improbable. Which and Puritans-English Cousuls in Aleppo, 327-D'Oyley's of the two others is correct? BARON Warehouse-Reversed Engravings-Black Wool as a Cure for Deafness-Joshua Webster, M.D., 328-Alfonso BOURGEOIS unhesitatingly adopts the second as a complete solution of the problem; he would attribute to Webster the whole of the additional Characters of 1615. This conclusion cannot, I think, be supported. It seems to me that the only suppositions that will square with the facts are these: either that the parallels in question are due entirely to borrowing on Webster's part from the Overbury' material in a manuscript form, or that some of them are due to borrowing and others to identity of authorship.

Tρía κάTTа Káκιora - Retrospective Heraldry-Courtesy
Titles-Prayers for Animals-" Wangle," 330.
NOTES ON BOOKS: The History of Melanesian Society'
-The Making of the Roman People'-' Proceedings of
the Cambridge Antiquarian Society'-'The Antiquary.'
Booksellers' Catalogues.
Notices to Correspondents.

Notes.

6

The difficulty with regard to these 1615 Characters is that, with the exception WAS WEBSTER A CONTRIBUTOR TO of three of them, there is no external 'OVERBURY'S CHARACTERS'? evidence of their authorship. These three (A Tinker,' An Apparatour,' and 'An THE appearance of BARON BOURGEOIS'S Almanac-Maker') were, as BARON BOURarticle dealing with the connexion between GEOIS states, claimed, and no doubt written, Webster's plays and the essays included by J. Cocke. Of what else of the material in the 1615 edition of 'Overbury's Cha-contained in 'New and Choise Characters of racters (11 S. x. 3, 23), so soon after, and severall Authors,' &c., can it be positively entirely independent of, my own contribution on the same subject (11 S. viii. 221, 244, 263, 282, 304), was naturally of great interest to me. It may be remembered that my examination of the parallels between these 'New and Choise Characters of severall Authors' and 'The Duchess of Malfy' led me to the conclusion that in writing his play, or revising it for the press, Webster borrowed from the Characters, and further, that he must have borrowed from the printed text of the sixth impression of 1615. In this latter conclusion I was almost certainly

affirmed that Webster was not the author? First, Sir Thomas Overbury's poem 'The Wife,' and, secondly, nine of the essays entitled 'Newes from any Whence,' to which the names or initials of the writers are appended. Both these had previously appeared in 1614. The first edition of "The Wife contains Overbury's poem alone; to the second edition, published almost immediately afterwards (the Preface is dated May, 1614), were added twenty-one Characters, and the Newes,'" written by himselfe, and other learned gentlemen his friends.”

6

Where is our solicitor
With the waiting-woman?

Room for the bag and baggage!

I have noted also two phrases, one in

Parallels, therefore, between Webster's and solicitors too carried bags. Contilupo, plays and The Wife,' the signed pieces of counsel for the plaintiff, is accordingly Newes,' or any of Cocke's three Characters, made to inquire, if such exist, cannot be accounted for by identity of authorship. And such parallels do exist. 'The Duchess of Malfy' borrows and Ariosto to exclaim,— from 'The Wife,' and The Devil's Law Case' not only from four of the nine signed pieces of Newes,' but also from one of Cocke's three Characters. I have already drawn attention to two parallels between The Wife' and 'The Duchess of Malfy': one of these is from the text of the play, and the other (repeated also in The Devil's Law Case') from the author's Preface to the first quarto of 1623. I have also shown that there are several striking parallels between "The Devil's Law Case' and the Newes.' Amongst the pieces of Newes' laid under contribution in this play are four of those identified by the names or initials of their authors, viz. :

-

'Newes from Court,' Sir T. Overbury. 'Newes from the veric Countric,' I. D. (John Donne ?).

Newes from my Lodging,' B. R. (Benjamin Rudyerd?).

Newes of my Morning Worke,' Mist. B. And an apophthegm from a fifth, viz., 'Countrey Newes,' Sir T. R. (Thomas Roe?), reappears in A Cure for a Cuckold.' All but one of these parallels furnished by the signed pieces of Newes' will be found recorded in my former article (see 11 S. viii. 264, 284). The Newes from Court' parallel, which I had overlooked, is as follows:-

....wit and a woman are two fraile things, and both the frailer by concurring. Newes from Court.'

Romelio [to Winifred].

and a woman

Are two very frail things.

'D.L.C.,' I. ii.

So much for the Newes.' I come now to the Character of A Tinker,' one of the three 1615 Characters claimed by Cocke, in which there occurs the following

passage :

The Duchess of Malfy and the other in The Devil's Law Case,' which seem to earliest edition of the Characters.' The argue Webster's acquaintance with the resemblanc s here, though eomparatively BOURGEOIS does not claim any of the preslight, are not altogether trivial. BARON 1615 Characters as Webster's, and as these were first published with the 'Newes' in the second edition of 1614, they must

gory.

obviously be treated as in the same cateIn order that these phrases may be distinguished from the more conspicuous parallels with the additional Characters of 1615, I repeat them here :

...a man's Walking'A Very Woman.'

She [A Very Woman'] is.. consumption. Cardinal (indicating Julia). Yond's my lingring consumption. 'D.M.,' V. ii.

Knaves rent him like Tenter-hookes.

'A Golden Asse.'

They'll rent thee like tenter-hooks.

What cannot a neat knave with a smooth tale A Good Woman.' Make a woman believe? D.M.,' I. ii. Some then, at least, of the passages to Webster's plays, and the writings published under Sir Thomas ...thou knowest, wit Overbury's name, indicate borrowing on Webster's part from the work of other writers. If this is the explanation of some of the parallel passages, it seems natural to assume that it is the explanation of all. But Webster's White Devil,' printed in 1612, and his A Monumental Column,' printed in 1613, present one or two striking parallels with the New and Choise Characters,' first published in 1615. Plagiarism by Webster can, only be assumed on the supposition that therefore, he was familiar with these Characters several years before they found their way into print. This is by no means unlikely. Several of Donne's poems, for instance, were referred to by his contemporaries nearly twenty years before they were issued from the press, and the circulation. of works in manuscript was evidently at

So

"The companion of his travels is some foule sunne-burnt Queane, that since the terrible statute recanted gypsisme, and is turned pedleresse. marches he all over England with his bag and baggage."

That Webster was a man who joked with difficulty is only too plainly apparent to any one familiar with his plays. He preferred, when possible, to borrow his jokes. Here was a chance too good to be missed. Though he had no tinker in The Devil's Law Case,' he had a solicitor,

Mr. Chambers, It is precisely these forty-two new Cha--
racters that are described as being the
work of severall authors"-not possibly,.
therefore, of Webster alone, nor even of
Webster and Cocke. The sudden ap
pearance of forty-two fresh Characters:
(printed in two separate sections of ten
and thirty-two respectively with separate
title pages), bringing the number of
Characters from thirty-one to seventy-three,
indicates, then, that the publisher has
pressed several hands into his service in
order to meet the apparently insatiable
demand of the public for this new and
piquant form of literature.
H. DUGDALE SYKES.

this time not unusual.
'Poems of John Donne,' vol. i. pp.
xxxviii-ix, has drawn attention to a
reference in Drayton's Epistle to Rey-
nolds' to poems circulating thus by
transcription. With regard to the
parallel between The Duchess of Malfy
and The Wife,' this can barely be ac-
counted for in any other way if the first
quarto of 1623 gives us the text of the
original stage version of the play. The
poem was not published until early in 1614;
and Ostler, who took the part of An-
tonio in the play, died before the end of
that year. It is also, perhaps, worthy
of notice that, although Overbury's poem
was entered in the Stationers' Register
on 13 Dec., 1613, and the earliest extant
edition is dated 1614, Wood states that it

was

66

Enfield.

(To be continued.)

printed several times at London BIBLIOGRAPHY OF HISTORIES OF while the author lived," i.e., previous to 15 Sept., 1613.

The wording of the title-page of the 1615 edition also clearly indicates that neither Webster nor any one person was the author of the whole of the additional Characters then printed.

The five previous editions (or "impressions") all purport to be primarily editions of Sir Thomas Overbury's poem, to which precedence is given on the titlepage of each. The first edition is without Characters; the second contains twentyone, the third twenty-two, and the fourth and fifth thirty-one.

IRISH COUNTIES AND TOWNS.
(See ante, pp. 103, 183.)
PART III. D.
DALKEY.

Varieties of Irish History, from Ancient and
Modern Sources and Original Documents. By
J. J. Gaskin. Coloured illustrations, crown
8vo, cloth. Dublin, 1869. Contains chapter
on Dalkey.

DELVIN.

The Midland Septs and the Pale. By Rev. F. R.
Montgomery Hitchcock, M.A. Crown 8vo,-
cloth. Dublin, 1908. Contains chapter on
Delvin.

See Londonderry.

DERRY.

DERRYKEIGHAN.

These Characters were admittedly not all Overbury's; they were "written by himselfe and other learned Gentlemen his friends." But with the sixth edition all Ballymoney and Derrykeighan. By Rev. J. Macpretence that Overbury was mainly re

Erlean.

DINGLE.

sponsible is abandoned, and 'The Wife' is History of Dingle. By Thompson. London, 1847. relegated to a secondary position on the title-page. The title of this edition is:

New and choise Characters of severall Authors; together with that exquisite and unmatcht Poeme, The Wife, written by Syr Thomas Overburie. With the former Characters and Conceited Newes, all in one Volume."

* Possibly the words used in the publisher's Preface to the fifth (1614) edition, " Others [i.e. Characters' now added....first transcrib'd by Gentlemen of the same qualitie," may be taken as indicating that these Characters had been thus circulated in manuscript.

Although many passages contained in the Newes' reappear in The Devil's Law Case,' I can find none in The Duchess of Malfy,' perhaps because Webster borrowed from a MS. which did not include the Newes.'

Cited on the authority of Dr. E. F. Rimbault (Introduction to Overbury's' Works,' 1890, pp. xiixiii).

DONAGHCLONEY.

An Ulster Parish, being a History of Donaghcloney (Waringstown). By E. D. Atkinson. Crown 8vo, cloth. Dublin, 1898.

DONAGHMORE.

An Ancient Irish Parish, Past and Present:
Donaghmore. By Rev. J. Davison Cowan,
LL.D. Illustrated, 8vo, pp. viii+402. London,.
1914.

DONEGAL.

Sketches in Ireland descriptive of Interesting
Portions of the Counties of Donegal, Cork, and
Kerry. By Rev. Cæsar Otway. 12mo, cloth.
Dublin, 1839.

Scenery and Antiquities of North-West Donegal.
By William Harkin. Map and plates, Svo,
cloth. Londonderry, 1893.

Inis-owen and Tirconnell, an Account of the
Antiquities and Writers of Co. Donegal. By
W. J. Doherty. Crown 8vo, cloth. Dublin,.
1895.

The Ancient and Present State of the County of
Down. By Walter Harris. 8vo. Dublin, 1744.
Statistical Survey of the County of Down. By
Rev. J. Dubourdieu. Front. and map, 8vo, half
calf. Dublin Society, 1802.

Papers read before the Church Architecture
Society. 4to. Belfast, 1845. (Has references
to Down.)

North Dublin, City and Environs. By Dillon
Cosgrave, O.C.C., B.A. Maps, cloth. Catholic
Truth Society, Dublin. Deals largely with
North County Dublin.

DUFFERIN.

Ecclesiastical Antiquities of Down, Connor, and
Dromore. By Bishop Reeves. Dublin, 1847.
The Hamilton MSS., containing some Account of
the Settlement of the Territories of the Upper
Clandeboye, Great Ardes, and Dufferin in
the County of Down. By Sir James Hamilton. See Down, s.v. The Hamilton MSS.
Printed from the original MSS. Edited by
T. K. Lowry. Small 4to, cloth. Belfast, 1867.
History of Down. By Phillips. 1874.
An Historical Account of the Diocese of Down
and Connor, Ancient and Modern. By Rev.
James O'Laverty, M.R.I.A. 3 vols., crown 8vo,

cloth. Dublin, 1874-84.

History of Down. By Alex. Knox, M.D. 1875.
A Glossary of Words in Use in the Counties of
Antrim and Down. By W. H. Patterson,
M.R.I.A. 8vo, sewed. 1880.

Antrim and Down. By Craik. London, 1887.
History of Down. By Smith.

DROGHEDA.

History of Drogheda. By Barnard. Dublin, 1736. History of the General Rebellion in Ireland, 1641, to which is added Tichbourne's History of the Siege of Drogheda (1641) and Tryal of Conor, Lord MacGuire. 8vo, calf. Cork, 1766. History of Drogheda. By Johnston. Drogheda, 1826.

History of Drogheda, with its Environs, and an
Introductory Memoir of the Dublin and Drog-
heda Railway. By John D'Alton. Map and
steel engravings, 2 vols., 8vo, cloth. Dublin,
1844.

The Boyne Valley. By James B. Cullen. Catholic
Truth Society, Dublin.

The Council Book of the Corporation of Drogheda,
1649-1804. Edited by Rev. T. Gogarty.

DUNBRODY.

History of Dunbrody Abbey.
DUNDALK.

The History of Dundalk and its Environs, from
History of Dundalk. By D'Alton. Dublin, 1844.
the Earliest Historic Period to the Present Time,
with Memoirs of its Eminent Men.
By John
D'Alton and J. R. O'Flanagan. Map and
plates, 8vo. Dublin, 1864.