· For example, in the scene in Shallow's "DEMAGOGUE."-The first N.E.D.' record orchard, where the two aged humbugs, for this word is 1648 (Eikon Basil.). Milton, Falstaff and Shallow, pose to each other as in 1649 (Eikonkl.), treats it as a "goblin to what sad dogs they were in their youth, word " and observes that "the King by his Silence sits in dumb contempt. Nor does lease cannot coine English as he could mony." he open his lips until Pistol bursts in and The following note, communicated to me announces to Falstaff that he is now by Professor Bensly, would seem to point "One of the greatest men in the realm"! to a much earlier, though perhaps very This is quite too much for Master Silence, restricted, use of the word in English :"I think that Sir John Falstaff who sneers, 66 is rather a mere windy humbug.", Only he does not say windy humbug " but "I think a' be but Goodman Puff of Barson" (a local equivalent of the nature of our later friend "Brooks of Sheffield "). But this speech, "I think a' be but Goodman Puff of Barson," is printed in every edition, early and late, of the second part of King Henry the Fourth' (V. iv. 94), with a superflous comma between 'be' and but " 66 66 I think a' be, but Goodman Puff of Barson. That misguided and unnecessary comma President of the New York of "Gilbert Cousin (1506-1572), canon Nozeray and at one time Erasmus's secretary, collected adagia. At the end of the 1574 ed. of Erasmus's Adagia is: ΠΑΡΟΙΜΙΩΝ ΣΥΛΛΟΓΗ, Gilberto Cognato lectore et interprete, quas Erasmus in suas Chiliadas non retulit: exceptis paucis, quarum uaria est lectio et expositio. Of the examples of mapouía in this collection of Cousin, No. cccclxxvi. (misprinted .) is ссс Ab aure reuinctos ducit. In the article on this proverb Cousin writes, "Hinc Athenienses oratores suos dŋuaywyovs & populi ductores appellant Later, after quoting from Virgil : Ille regit dictis animos, & temperat irashe adds, "Angli dicunt, demagog. (italics in 1574) est enim dŋuaywyeiv, si verbum de verbo reddas, populum trahere." This does not occur in Cousin's collection as given in his Opera (1562). in 66 I have consulted Pierre-André Pidoux Un humaniste comtois," &c., in the Mémoires de la société d'émulation du Jura," 8e série, t. iv. (1910). Pidoux says that the collection of Cousin's Adagia in the 1574 ed. of Erasmus's Adagia is la plus parfaite and that later edd. are interpolated. Did Cousin get his statement from Erasmus ? I do not find that Cousin visited England." E. W. New York City. PAPER FROM STRAW. In N. & Q.' 1 S. ii. 60 (June, 1850) is a reference (though the full title is not given) to Matthias Koop's "Historical account of the substances which have been used to describe events, and to convey ideas, from the earliest date to the invention of paper.' Printed on the first useful paper manufactured solely (sic) from straw. London, 1800. It is interesting to see from a copy which has just come into my hands how well the paper has stood after a period of 120 years. The appearance is not, of course, attractive to eyes accustomed to the general use of white paper, though it is infinitely better than some we WOLF.-" Much legend has collected round have experienced during the past few years. this fierce carnivore. Pliny, unable Koop's name does not appear on the title to sift truth from falsehood, was in this page of his book, but the address to his matter' an eager listener to all old woman's "Most Gracious Sovereign," dated Sept., tales.' Elian added to his marvels and 1800, is signed by him in ink. It will be asserted that the wolf cannot bend its remembered that the appendix is printed head back. 'The Cambridge on paper made from wood pulp. Koop Natural History,' vol. x., p. 421, 1920. took out a patent in 1800 for converting On this subject the Chinese opine quite used paper, and another in August of the contrariwise. They say one characteristic same year, though the specification was of the wolf is its bending the head back not enrolled. In Feb., 1801, he took out frequently (Li Shi Chin, System of a third patent for manufacturing paper from Materia Medica,' 1578, tome xi.). straw, hay, thistles, waste and refuse of cording to Wan Shi-Ching's 66 a distinguished strategist of the third Bill Sikes or any of the rogues who were century A.D., was notorious for his habit in fashion " among novelists of the of bending his head back extraordinarily; middle nineteenth century. once his master, Tsau Tsau, in order to attest the truth of the rumour, called and made him go before and ordered him to look behind; then he turned his face just opposite the front, without the slightest motion of his body. According to O. F. von Möllendorff, 'The Tanabe, Kii, Japan. 'WOMAN AND HER MASTER.'-The death John Cassell. 66 Mc. HISTORY REPEATS ITSELF.-A coincidence By the by, no small part of the repute of The London Journal among the more educated middle class of England (for the periodical was as often found in parlours and boudoirs as in kitchens) was due to the native artistic development of craftsmanship in the wood engravings of J. F. Smith's stories from Stanfield Hall' to Temptation.' This was the work of John Gilbert, another East Londoner in his youth, the son of a Captain of the Tower Hamlets Militia; and both father and son were well acquainted with the coterie of the gossip corner in the hub of Mile End. It was a legend of the coffee-room of The Hay. field that there the deal was concerted at the age of 82 of Lady Bancroft may bondage (occasioned by his eccentricities) by which J. F. Smith escaped from the recall to some people the tremendously of The London Journal to the more strenuous exciting "booth" drama of 'The Life and Death of Ned Cantor; hack-work (but better paid) of the new or, The Mysteries of Bordercleuch And The enterprises in periodical literature set up by Negro Slave's Revenge,' in which Marie Wilton figured as a sailor boy-hero at the Bath Theatre in 1855 with distinctly marked promise. This was a clumsy is found in two anecdotes narrated in piracy of some episodes in the once-famous legal ana. In The Law, What I have story, Woman and Her Master,' which seen,' &c., by Cyrus Jay, 1868, p. 118, it made the fortune of George Stiff and his is told how Sir John Sylvester, Recorder London Journal. This very long story of of London (d. 1882), on finding the clock love, mystery, and horror (which gave the at the Old Bailey had stopped, felt for his periodical, it is said, thrice the number of watch, and exclaimed, "I have left it in enthralled readers that the best of Charles the watch-pocket over my pillow." This Dickens's shilling serials enjoyed at that was heard by a sharp thief, who hastened period) has a particular East London to the Recorder's house in Russell Square, interest because it was the composition of and obtained the watch from a country. that very erratic genius J. F. Smith, who girl servant there: the result being that for long intermittently lodged nearly opposite every watch-stealer, after this occurrence, The Hayfield, then still a conspicuous was punished twofold.” coaching and posting inn in the Mile End In 'Leaves of a Life,' by Montagu Road; and both the son and his still more Williams, 1890, chap. xxi., the bohemian" father, who turned up occa- author cites a rather good story, though sionally needing help, were well known to I am not prepared to vouch for its truth,' all the sworn Brethren of "the Road to to the effect that Sir James Ingham, soon Harwich from Aldgate to the old east- after his appointment as Chief Magistrate coast port of departure to Germany and at Bow Street in 1875, having before him Northern Europe, and known, too, as old what turned out to be a mistaken charge comrades to most of the buskers from the of watch-stealing, took occasion to remark Pavilion Theatre of Whitechapel to the that he had that morning accidentally left Norwich circuit of strolling players. It is his exceedingly valuable watch at home on that famous and familiar coaching road at his house at Kensington; through East Anglia from the metropolis a fictitious "man from Bow Street forththat the opening incident of Woman and with hastened to the Chief Magistrate's Her Master' is set; and Ned Cantor," house and obtained the watch from the who figures early and late in the twice latter's daughter. expanded plot, is a worse scoundrel than 66 Q.C., 66 upon which How far one of these two alleged occur. 66 rences may have suggested the other it over 'pantry windows, wooden labels is not needful to inquire; but the repetition, marked "Cheese Room " or Dairy " used with circumstantial alteration of details, to be displayed. I shall be obliged for any is a little curious, if it be repetition only, references. R. HEDGER WALLACE. as seems possible. W. B. H. WE must request correspondents desiring information on family matters of only private interest to affix their names and addresses to their queries, in order that answers may be sent to them direct. .66 HENRY CLAY.-I am anxious to know between what dates Henry Clay, papier mâché manufacturer (who was in Birmingham about 1772), had a shop in King Street. Covent Garden. V. H. COLLINS. CORKER (CORCOR).-The answers I have seen given to correspondents in N. & Q.' encourage me to inquire whether antiquaries of Yorkshire or Lincolnshire have met the name Corker or Corcor in documents, or otherwise in their researches. I possess some interesting data which it is needless to refer to here. Perhaps some correspondents would be so kind as to write to me, to the Junior United Service Club, Charles Street, London. T. M. CORKER (Maj.-Gen. Ret.). Did Was he married, he die at Charleston ? What was and if so, when and to whom? G. F. R. B. the name of his mother ? ROBERT JOHNSON.-Governor of South Carolina, died May 3, 1735. There is a WINDOW TAX AND DAIRIES.-A corre- monument, I understand, to his memory spondent in N. & Q.' (1851) states that in St. Philip's Church, Charleston. a tax was laid on glass windows in 1695. In the House Tax Act of Geo. III. in 1808, (48 Geo. III., c. 55) Schedule A gave rules for charging windows or lights, the tax being graduated according to the number of windows. Between 1695 and 1808 did windows escape taxation? LOUIS MASQUERIER.-A goldsmith in Coventry Street, Haymarket, at the beginning of the eighteenth century. I should be glad to learn what family Masquerier left, and if any child of his succeeded to His widow, whose maiden Madeleine Touchet, married Reynolds Grignion, the engraver. name I understand the window tax was converted into the inhabited house duty in the business. 1851 (14/15 Vic., c. 36) and the correspondent in was N. & Q.' under date June 7, 1851, writes, "the window duties have of late provoked much discussion," but the window! tax does not seem to have been repealed till 1872 by the Statute Law Revision Act (35/36 Vic., c. 97). Were windows still taxable in some form or other between 1851 and 1872 ? G. F. R. B. ACID TEST.-Who is responsible for the currency of this expression in its figurative sense? E. W. "HOWLERS."-The reason for the use Under the window tax the window of of this expression has been recently sought, a dairy or cheese room was exempt, and I apparently in vain. It would be interesting have read that to satisfy the inspector to have the views of N. & Q.' readers under the tax-the "Window Peeper thereon. Although a couple of humorous a board or wooden label marked "Dairy," examples were given (see 10 S. vi. 486), Cheese Room,' "Cheese Chamber," &c., the origin of the word has not been dishad to be affixed to the windows for which cussed in these pages. I have heard people exemption was claimed. Do any of these say of some particularly mirth-provoking boards still exist or are there any references to indicate what windows could be, and were, so marked ? Were the windows in a cow-house exempt? I have a note, unfortu 66 joke, "it was enough to make a dog howl with laughter." So, maybe, the canine world is responsible for the saying. CECIL CLARKE. According to O. F. von Möllendorff, The Tanabe, Kii, Japan. 'WOMAN AND HER MASTER.'-The death 66 among novelists 66 Mc. HISTORY REPEATS ITSELF.-A coincidence a distinguished strategist of the third Bill Sikes or any of the rogues who were century A.D., was notorious for his habit "in fashion of the of bending his head back extraordinarily; middle nineteenth century. once his master, Tsau Tsau, in order By the by, no small part of the repute to attest the truth of the rumour, called and of The London Journal among the more made him go before and ordered him to educated middle class of England (for the look behind; then he turned his face just periodical was as often found in parlours opposite the front, without the slightest and boudoirs as in kitchens) was due to motion of his body. the native artistic development of craftsmanship in the wood engravings of J. F. Smith's stories from Stanfield Hall' to Temptation.' This was the work of John Gilbert, another East Londoner in his youth, the son of a Captain of the Tower Hamlets Militia; and both father and son were well acquainted with the coterie of the gossip corner in the hub of Mile End. It was a legend of the coffee-room of The Hay. field that there the Ideal" was concerted at the age of 82 of Lady Bancroft may bondage (occasioned by his eccentricities) by which J. F. Smith escaped from the recall to some people the tremendously of The London Journal to the more strenuous exciting booth drama of The Life and Death of Ned Cantor; The hack-work (but better paid) of the new or, Mysteries of Bordercleuch enterprises in periodical literature set up by And The John Cassell. Negro Slave's Revenge,' in which Marie Wilton figured as a sailor boy-hero at the Bath Theatre in 1855 with distinctly marked promise. This was a clumsy is found in two anecdotes narrated in piracy of some episodes in the once-famous legal ana. In The Law, What I have story, Woman and Her Master,' which seen,' &c., by Cyrus Jay, 1868, p. 118, it made the fortune of George Stiff and his is told how Sir John Sylvester, Recorder London Journal. This very long story of of London (d. 1882), on finding the clock love, mystery, and horror (which gave the at the Old Bailey had stopped, felt for his periodical, it is said, thrice the number of watch, and exclaimed, "I have left it in enthralled readers that the best of Charles the watch-pocket over my pillow." This Dickens's shilling serials enjoyed at that was heard by a sharp thief, who hastened period) has a particular East London to the Recorder's house in Russell Square, interest because it was the composition of and obtained the watch from a country. that very erratic genius J. F. Smith, who girl servant there: the result being that for long intermittently lodged nearly opposite every watch-stealer, after this occurrence, The Hayfield, then still a conspicuous was punished twofold." coaching and posting inn in the Mile End In 'Leaves of a Life,' by Montagu Road; and both the son and his still more Williams, Q.C., 1890, chap. xxi., bohemian" father, who turned up occa- author cites a rather good story, though sionally needing help, were well known to I am not prepared to vouch for its truth,” all the sworn "Brethren" of "the Road to to the effect that Sir James Ingham, soon Harwich from Aldgate to the old east- after his appointment as Chief Magistrate coast port of departure to Germany and at Bow Street in 1875, having before him Northern Europe, and known, too, as old what turned out to be a mistaken charge comrades to most of the buskers from the of watch-stealing, took occasion to remark Pavilion Theatre of Whitechapel to the that he had that morning accidentally left Norwich circuit of strolling players. It is his exceedingly valuable watch at home on that famous and familiar coaching road at his house at Kensington; upon which through East Anglia from the metropolis a fictitious man from Bow Street" forththat the opening incident of Woman and with hastened to the Chief Magistrate's Her Master' is set; and Ned Cantor," house and obtained the watch from the who figures early and late in the twice latter's daughter. expanded plot, is a worse scoundrel than 66 66 66 the How far one of these two alleged occur 66 66 rences may have suggested the other it over 'pantry' windows, wooden labels is not needful to inquire; but the repetition, marked Cheese Room " or Dairy " used with circumstantial alteration of details, to be displayed. I shall be obliged for any is a little curious, if it be repetition only, references. R. HEDGER WALLACE. as seems possible. W. B. H. WE must request correspondents desiring information on family matters of only private interest to affix their names and addresses to their queries, in order that answers may be sent to them direct. WINDOW TAX AND DAIRIES.-A corre HENRY CLAY.-I am anxious to know between what dates Henry Clay, papier mâché manufacturer (who was in Birmingham about 1772), had a shop in King Street. Covent Garden. V. H. COLLINS. CORKER (CORCOR).-The answers I have seen given to correspondents in N. & Q.' encourage me to inquire whether antiquaries of Yorkshire or Lincolnshire have met the name Corker or Corcor in documents, or otherwise in their researches. I possess some interesting data which it is needless to refer to here. Perhaps some correspondents would be so kind as to write to me, to the Junior United Service Club, Charles Street, London. T. M. CORKER (Maj.-Gen. Ret.). Did Was he married, What was G. F. R. B. ROBERT JOHNSON.-Governor of South | Carolina, died May 3, 1735. There is a monument, I understand, to his memory spondent in N. & Q.' (1851) states that in St. Philip's Church, Charleston. a tax was laid on glass windows in 1695. he die at Charleston? In the House Tax Act of Geo. III. in 1808, and if so, when and to whom? (48 Geo. III., c. 55) Schedule A gave rules the name of his mother ? for charging windows or lights, the tax being graduated according to the number of windows. Between 1695 and 1808 did windows escape taxation? 66 LOUIS MASQUERIER.-A goldsmith in Coventry Street, Haymarket, at the beginning of the eighteenth century. I should be glad to learn what family Masquerier left, and if any child of his succeeded to His widow, whose maiden Madeleine Touchet, married Reynolds Grignion, the engraver. the business. was I understand the window tax was converted into the inhabited house duty in 1851 (14/15 Vic., c. 36) and the correspondent in N. & Q.' under date June 7, 1851, writes, the window duties have of late G. F. R. B. provoked much discussion," but the window tax does not seem to have been repealed ACID TEST.-Who is responsible for the till 1872 by the Statute Law Revision Act currency of this expression in its figurative (35/36 Vic., c. 97). Were windows still taxable in some form or other between 1851 and 1872 ? sense? E. W. HOWLERS."-The reason for the use Under the window tax the window of of this expression has been recently sought, a dairy or cheese room was exempt, and I apparently in vain. It would be interesting have read that to satisfy the inspector to have the views of N. & Q.' readers under the tax-the "Window Peeper thereon. Although a couple of humorous a board or wooden label marked "Dairy," examples were given (see 10 S. vi. 486), "Cheese Room," "Cheese Chamber," &c., the origin of the word has not been dishad to be affixed to the windows for which cussed in these pages. I have heard people exemption was claimed. Do any of these say of some particularly mirth-provoking boards still exist or are there any references joke, it was enough to make a dog howl to indicate what windows could be, and with laughter." So, maybe, the canine were, so marked ? Were the windows in a world is responsible for the saying. cow-house exempt? I have a note, unfortu 66 CECIL CLARKE. |