The Organization of Ocean Commerce

advantage Africa African trunk route American port Asia Australia ballast Cape Cape Horn Cape Town Cape Verde carry cent charter traffic chartered vessel charts cheaper Chile coal supply coaling stations coast companies competition continent Coronel cost countries crew directly docks east Europe European expenses export freight rate full cargo grain greater harbor hundred important improvements increased Indian Ocean Iquique Japan land line steamers line traffic liners Liverpool loading machinery Mediterranean-Asiatic miles navigator nitrate North Atlantic ocean commerce operation organization owner Pacific Panama Canal pass passengers piers possible profit railroad railway river sailer sailing routes sailing vessels San Francisco saving secure ship shipments shipowner shipper shore South African trunk South America speed steam steamer routes steamship lines Straits of Magellan Suez Canal Sydney tion toll tonnage tons trade routes trade winds tramp steamer transportation United unload usually voyage wagon wheat Yokohama York