number of copies thereof reproduced. The number of copies of classified defense information documents shall be kept to a minimum to decrease the risk of compromise of the information contained in such documents and the financial burden on the Government in protecting such documents. The following special rules shall be observed in connection with accountability for and dissemination of defense information or material:

(a) Accountability Procedures. Heads of departments and agencies shall prescribe such accountability procedures as are necessary to control effectively the dissemination of classified defense information, with particularly severe control on material classified Top Secret under this order. Top Secret Control Officers shall be designated, as required, to receive, maintain accountability registers of, and dispatch Top Secret material.

(b) Dissemination Outside the Executive Branch. Classified defense information shall not be disseminated outside the executive branch except under conditions and through channels authorized by the head of the disseminating department or agency, even though the person or agency to which dissemination of such information is proposed to be made may have been solely or partly responsible for its production.

(c) Information Originating in Another Department or Agency. Except as otherwise provided by section 102 of the National Security Act of July 26, 1947, c. 343, 61 Stat. 498, as amended, 50 U.S.Ç. sec, 403, classified defense information originating in another department or agency shall not be disseminated outside the receiving department or agency without the consent of the originating department or agency. Documents and material containing defense information which are classified Top Secret or Secret shall not be reproduced without the consent of the originating department or agency.

SEC. 8. Transmission. For transmission outside of a department or agency, classified defense material of the three categories originated under the provisions of this order shall be prepared and transmitted as follows:

(a) Preparation for Transmission. Such material shall be enclosed in opaque inner and outer covers. The inner cover shall be a sealed wrapper or envelope plainly marked with the assigned classification and address. The outer cover shall be sealed and addressed with no indication of the classification of its contents. A receipt form shall be attached to or enclosed in the inner cover, except that Confidential material shall require a receipt only if the sender deems it necessary. The receipt form shall identify the addressor, addressee, and the document, but shall contain no classifled information. It shall be signed by the proper recipient and returned to the sender.

(b) Transmitting Top Secret Material. The transmission of Top Secret material shall be effected preferably by direct contact of officials concerned, or, alternatively, by specifically designated personnel, by State Department diplomatic pouch, by a messenger-courier system especially created for that purpose, or by electric means in encrypted form; or in the case of information transmitted by the Federal Bureau

of Investigation, such means of transmission may be used as are currently approved by the Director, Federal Bureau of Investigation, unless express reservation to the contrary is made in exceptional cases by the originating agency.

(c) Transmitting Secret Information and Material. Secret information and material shall be transmitted within and between the forty-eight contiguous States and the District of Columbia, or wholly within Alaska, Hawaii, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, or a United States possession, by one of the means established for Top Secret information and material, by authorized courier, by United States registered mail, or by the use of protective services provided by commercial carriers, air or surface, under such conditions as may be prescribed by the head of the department or agency concerned. Secret information and material may be transmitted outside those areas by one of the means established for Top Secret information and material, by commanders or masters of vessels of United States registry, or by the United States registered mail through Army, Navy, Air Force, or United States civil postal facilities: provided, that the information or material does not at any time pass out of United States Government control and does not pass through a foreign postal system. For the purposes of this section registered mail in the custody of a transporting agency of the United States Post Office is considered within United States Government control unless the transporting agent is foreign controlled or operated. Secret information and material may, however, be transmitted between United States Government or Canadian Government installations, or both, in the forth-eight contiguous States, the District of Columbia, Alaska, and Canada by United States and Canadian registered mail with registered mail receipt. Secret information and material may also be transmitted over communications circuits in accordance with regulations promulgated for such purpose by the Secretary of Defense.

[Paragraph (c) revised by E.O. 10964, 26 F.R. 8932, Sept. 22, 1961]

(d) Transmitting Confidential Information and Material. Confidential information and material shall be transmitted within the forty-eight contiguous States and the District of Columbia, or wholly within Alaska, Hawaii, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, or a United States possession, by one of the means established for higher classifications, or by certified or first-class mail. Outside those areas Confidential information and material shall be transmitted in the same manner as authorized for higher classifications.

[Paragraph (d) revised by E.O. 10964, 26 F.R. 8932, Sept. 22, 1961]

(e) Within an Agency. Preparation of classified defense material for transmission, and transmission of it, within a department or agency shall be governed by regulations, issued by the head of the department or agency, insuring a degree of security equivalent to that outlined above for transmission outside a department or agency.

SEC. 9. Disposal and Destruction. Documentary record material made or received by a department or agency in connection with transaction of public business and preserved as evidence of the organization, functions, policies, operations, decisions, procedures or other activities of any department or agency of the Government, or because of the

informational value of the data contained therein, may be destroyed only in accordance with the act of July 7, 1943, c. 192, 57 Stat. 380, as amended, 44 U.S.C. 366-380. Non-record classified material, consisting of extra copies and duplicates including shorthand notes, preliminary drafts, used carbon paper, and other material of similar temporary nature, may be destroyed, under procedures established by the head of the department or agency which meet the following requirements, as soon as it has served its purpose:

(a) Methods of Destruction. Classified defense material shall be destroyed by burning in the presence of an appropriate official or by other methods authorized by the head of an agency provided the resulting destruction is equally complete.

(b) Records of Destruction. Appropriate accountability records maintained in the department or agency shall reflect the destruction of classified defense material.

SEC. 10. Orientation and Inspection. To promote the basic purposes of this order, heads of those departments and agencies originating or handling classified defense information shall designate experienced persons to coordinate and supervise the activities applicable to their departments or agencies under this order. Persons so designated shall maintain active training and orientation programs for employees concerned with classified defense information to impress each such employee with his individual responsibility for exercising vigilance and care in complying with the provisions of this order. Such persons shall be authorized on behalf of the heads of the departments and agencies to establish adequate and active inspection programs to the end that the provisions of this order are administered effectively.

SEC. 11. Interpretation of Regulations by the Attorney General. The Attorney General, upon request of the head of a department or agency or his duly designated representative, shall personally or through authorized representatives of the Department of Justice render an interpretation of these regulations in connection with any problems arising out of their administration.

SEC. 12. Statutory Requirements. Nothing in this order shall be construed to authorize the dissemination, handling or transmission of classified information contrary to the provisions of any statute.

SEC. 13. "Restricted Data" Material Formerly Designated as "Restricted Data," Communications Intelligence and Cryptography. (a) Nothing in this order shall supersede any requirements made by or under the Atomic Energy Act of August 30, 1954, as amended. "Restricted Data," and material formerly designated as "Restricted Data," shall be handled, protected, classified, downgraded, and declassified in conformity with the provisions of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954, as amended, and the regulations of the Atomic Energy Commission.

(b) Nothing in this order shall prohibit any special requirements that the originating agency or other appropriate authority may impose as to communications intelligence, cryptography, and matters related thereto.

[Sec. 13 revised by E.O. 10964, 26 F.R. 8932, Sept. 22, 1961)

SEC. 14. Combat Operations. The provisions of this order with regard to dissemination, transmission, or safekeeping of classified defense information or material may be so modified in connection with combat or combat-related operations as the Secretary of Defense may by regulations prescribe.

SEC. 15. Exceptional Cases. When, in an exceptional case, a person or agency not authorized to classify defense information originates information which is believed to require classification, such person or agency shall protect that information in the manner prescribed by this order for that category of classified defense information into which it is believed to fall, and shall transmit the information forthwith, under appropriate safeguards, to the department, agency, or person having both the authority to classify information and a direct official interest in the information (preferably, that department, agency, or person to which the information would be transmitted in the ordinary course of business), with a request that such department, agency, or person classify the information.

Historical Research. As an exception to the standard for access prescribed in the first sentence of section 7, but subject to all other provisions of this order, the head of an agency may permit persons outside the executive branch performing functions in connection with historical research projects to have access to classified defense information originated within his agency if he determines that: (a) access to the information will be clearly consistent with the interests of national defense, and (b) the person to be granted access is trustworthy: Provided, that the head of the agency shall take appropriate steps to assure that classified information is not published or otherwise compromised.

[Last paragraph added by E.O. 10816, 24 F.R. 3777, May 12, 1959]

SEC. 16. Review to Insure That Information is Not Improperly Withheld Hereunder. The President shall designate a member of his staff who shall receive, consider, and take action upon, suggestions or complaints from non-Governmental sources relating to the operation of this order.

SEC. 17. Review to Insure Safeguarding of Classified Defense Information. The National Security Council shall conduct a continuing review of the implementation of this order to insure that classified defense information is properly safeguarded, in conformity herewith.

SEC. 18. Review Within Departments and Agencies. The head of each department and agency shall designate a member or members of his staff who shall conduct a continuing review of the implementation of this order within the department or agency concerned to insure that no information is withheld hereunder which the people of the United States have a right to know, and to insure that classified defense information is properly safeguarded in conformity herewith.

SEC. 19. Unauthorized Disclosure by Government Personnel. The head of each department and agency is directed to take prompt and stringent administrative action against any officer or employee of the United States, at any level of employment, determined to have been knowingly responsible for any release or disclosure of classified de

fense information or material except in the manner authorized by this order, and where a violation of criminal statutes may be involved, to refer promptly to the Department of Justice any such case.

[Sec. 19 added by E.O. 10964, 26 F.R. 8932, Sept. 22, 1961]

SEC. 20. Revocation of Executive Order No. 10290. Executive Order No. 10290 of September 24, 1951 is revoked as of the effective date of this order.

[Former Sec. 19 redesignated by E.O. 10964, 26 F.R. 8932, Sept. 22, 1961]

SEC. 21. Effective Date. This order shall become effective on December 15, 1953.

[Former Sec. 20 redesignated by E.O. 10964, 26 F.R. 8932, Sept. 22, 1961]

EXECUTIVE ORDER 10530-PROVIDING FOR THE PERFORMANCE OF CERTAIN FUNCTIONS VESTED IN OR SUBJECT TO THE APPROVAL OF THE PRESIDENT [AS AMENDED]

SOURCE: Executive Order 10530, 19 F.R. 2709, May 12, 1954, as amended by the following:

E.O. 10573, 19 F.R. 6899, Oct. 28, 1954; E.O. 10682, 21 F.R. 8129, Oct. 24, 1956; E.O. 10790, 23 F.R. 9051, Nov. 21, 1958; E.O. 10836, 24 F.R. 7269, Sept. 10, 1959; E.O. 10852, 24 F.R. 9565, Dec. 1, 1959; E.O. 10889, 25 F.R. 9633, Oct. 7, 1960 E.O. 10903, 26 F.R. 217, Jan. 12, 1961; E.O. 10960, 26 F.R. 7823, Aug. 23, 1961 E.O. 10970, 26 F.R. 10149, Oct. 31, 1961; E.O. 11012, 27 F.R. 2983, Mar. 30, 1962 E.O. 11116, 28 F.R. 8057, Aug. 8, 1963; E.O. 11164, 29 F.R. 11257, Aug. 5, 1964; E.O. 11184, 29 F.R. 14155, Oct. 15, 1964; E.O. 11196, 30 F.R. 1171, Feb. 4, 1965; E.O. 11222, 30 F.R. 6469, May 11, 1965; E.O. 11228, 30 F.R. 7739, June 16, 1965; E.O. 11230, 30 F.R. 8447, July 2, 1965.

By virtue of the authority vested in me by section 301 of title 3 of the United States Code (65 Stat. 713), and as President of the United States, it is hereby ordered as follows:

PART I. DIRECTOR OF THE BUREAU OF THE BUDGET

EDITORIAL NOTE: Part I as amended by E.O. 10790, 23 F.R. 9051, Nov. 21, 1958; E.O. 10836, 24 F.R. 7269, Sept. 10, 1959; E.O. 10889, 25 F.R. 9633, Oct. 7, 1960; E.O. 10903, 26 F.R. 217, Jan. 12, 1961; E.O. 10960, 26 F.R. 7823, Aug. 23, 1961; E.O. 10970, 26 F.R. 10149, Oct. 31, 1961; E.O. 11012, 27 F.R. 2983, Mar. 30, 1962; E.O. 11116, 28 F.R. 8057, Aug. 8, 1963; E.O. 11164, 29 F.R. 11257, Aug. 5, 1964; E.O. 11184, 29 F.R. 14155, Oct. 15, 1964; and E.O. 11196, 30 F.R. 1171, Feb. 4, 1965, was revoked by E.O. 11230, 30 F.R. 8447, July 2, 1965.

PART II. THE UNITED STATES CIVIL SERVICE COMMISSION

EDITORIAL NOTE: Part II as amended by E.O. 10682, 21 F.R. 8129, Oct. 24, 1956; E.O. 10903, 26 F.R. 217, Jan. 12, 1961; and E.O. 11222, 30 F.R. 6469, May 11, 1965, was revoked by E.O. 11228, 30 F.R. 7739, June 16, 1965.

PART III. THE HOUSING AND HOME FINANCE ADMINISTRATOR EDITORIAL NOTE: Part III as amended by E.O. 10573, 19 F.R. 6899, Oct. 28, 1954; E.O. 10852, 24 F.R. 9565, Dec. 1, 1959; and E.O. 11184, 29 F.R. 14155, Oct. 15, 1964, was superseded by E.O. 11196, 30 F.R. 1171, Feb. 4, 1965.

PART IV. THE FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION SEC. 5. (a) The Federal Communications Commission is hereby designated and empowered to exercise, without the approval, ratification, or other action of the President, all authority vested in the President