Saw next the Theatre, the Divinity hall, and Convocation room, Radcliffe library and Christ Church paintings and libraries, all admirable edifices in their kind. The front of the library of Oriel, an Ionic structure by Wyatt, is perhaps the most classically chaste of any of the modern buildings. After Mr. S. took his leave we walked through the piazzas of Queen's, which afford a singularly beautiful lessening perspective. Left Oxford about three, and proceeded for Wallingford a smart shower, but of short duration, so that we were quite dried again before we had finished our stage. A pleasant corn country. After tea set off for Henley. The first part of the ride wild and hilly grew more wooded and rich after passing Nettlebed; but we had only a moonlight view of it.

2nd. Tuesday.-Walked on the beautiful banks of the river at Henley and set out after breakfast for Maidenhead. Stopped to view Park Place, Lord Malmsbury's-formerly Gen. Conway's a high chalky brow above the Thames laid out in the finest natural taste. The most remarkable things in it are a subterraneous passage, 270 yards long, from the higher to the lower grounds, worked in the flinty soil and supported by natural pillars left in the excavation: it opens at length into the supposed ruins of an ancient theatre, with columns, statues, arches, etc., now overgrown with foliage and a perfect resemblance of reality: thence a hollow lawn or dale slopes downwards between hanging groves with the river at the end, seen through a ground rustic arch; the druidical circle of stones from Jersey finely seated upon a bold eminence: a pheasantry and aviary enciosing a lawn surrounded with shrubbery: various grand views of the Thames, the valley through which it flows, the town of Henley and the distant country. Highly gratified with this sight we proceeded through a pleasant varied tract to Maidenhead Bridge, and baited at the inn beautifully seated on the bank of the Thames. Thence to Windsor, where we arrived early and immediately set out to view the castle. Our remaining ideas of Blenheim and Oxford rather diminished its grandeur to our eyes; yet it is a noble mass of building, and the chapel, the apartments and paintings are worthy of much admiration. The view from the terrace wants variety of outline and striking features; Eaton college and the Thames are the principal objects; the rest is only extent of cultivation. In the evening our loyalty was gratified with no more than a glimpse of their majestys and the royal family getting into their carriages to go to London. A stroll in the little park concluded the day.

diminished in our idea the humble banks of the Mole.

Finished our long morning stage at Leatherhead, and reviewed with rapture the well-known objects of its vale. Soon after arriving at Burford-bridge, a mizzling rain began, which prevented our walking. It was however almost compensated by the beauty of the clouds breaking away over Mr. Lock's woods as fair weather returned about sunset. We then turned out, but confined our walk chiefly to the high road on account of the wetness of the grass. 4th. Thursday.-Spent the forenoon in a ride over Ranmor common to the charming wood near the Telegraph on the Guildford road. Returned through Dearleap wood by Wotton and Dorking. Fine weather, but very hot. After dinner walked into Mr Lock's woods, which command our unabated admiration. After tea ventured up Box-hill, a heavy pull even for younger legs than ours. And now we feel satisfied with this renovation of past scenes-so tomorrow we set our faces homeward. After a very hot and dusty ride reached home before three.

5th. Friday.

PRONEPOS.

"SHREWSBURY" AND "EPISTRO-
PHIUS REX GRÆCORUM."
IN Geoffrey of Monmouth's Historia (x. 1)
The
we get a list of King Arthur's enemies.
foremost is " Epistrophius." Students who
believe in Dr. Gudmund Schütte's Law of
Initial and Terminal Stress, where heroic
lists are concerned, might regard the king
of the Greeks as the most important of the
enemies of Arthur; cp. N. & Q.,' 11 S.
ix. 362. But the problems presented by
this impossible name await solution, and
investigators are faced by three obstacles:
(1) the medieval tendency to make puns;
(2) an ancient phonological accommoda-
tion; and (3) a common scribal error.

6

6

The scribal error yields t for c. In the foot-notes to his edition of Asser's Life of King Alfrod' (1906), Mr. W. H. Stevenson cites a number of instances of c/t confusion in the MSS. from which his text is derived. E.g. Beagstecg, Caruuist and Huuictiorum, for Beagscecg, Caruuise and Huuicciorum, respectively: v. pp. 31, 38, 47.

3rd. Wednesday.-After breakfast left Windsor and took the Egham road, keeping near the Thames of which we had some pleasing views. Crossed The phonological accommodation conRunnymede, which ought to have some better sisted in prefixing and uttering an i before memorial of the great transactions upon it than a s+consonant so as to make the pronuncia. race-stand. A foreigner would probably supposetion easier. This practice appears in the that the races here were a sort of Grecian games to commemorate the obtaining of Magna Charta, whereas a fine piece of turf was probably the sole cause of their institution ! After leaving the forest and river scenery came through some of the wild Surrey commons to Cobham and again took

fifth century. In vulgar Latin, by about A.D. 550, classical forms such as spatium. sperare, stare, &c., had become obsolete, and ispatium,' isperare," istare," and the like, with prothetic i, had taken their places.

66

of

66

N.E.D.'

and inscriptions; v. A Historical Grammar TRIENNIAL ACTS. A note in the the French Language,' by Auguste runs thus: 'An act of 1640, limiting theBrachet (tr. G. W. Kitchen, 1874), p. 78. duration of parliament to three years; also The scribe who was primarily responsible the name given to an act of 1694, following for the copies of Geoffrey's Historia that an earlier one of Charles II., providing. Jerome Comme'in of Heidelberg (c. 1590) against any longer intermissions of parliaand Dr. J. A. Giles (1842) depended upon, ment than three years." Is not this miswas puzzled by the scribal error and the leading? The Act of 1641 (not 1640) did. prothetic i, and he gave way to the in- indeed provide for automatic dissolution.. clination to pun. The word he could not after three years, but the main provision.. understand, namely, Istrophius, suggested was that Parliament must meet every third Tрop to him. So he twisted the name year. This Act was virtually repealed in of the king of the "Greeks" into "Epi- 1664, in order to continue the life of a substrophius.' These particular enemies of servient house, but there was a proviso that King Arthur were the Creacas of Widsith '; Parliament must meet at least once in three cp. N. & Q.', 11 S. x. 341. Now the name years. The danger now was the continuance of this king was undoubtedly set down as of a subservient house, so the Act of 1694 Iscrophius originally, and that was misread fixed a three years' limit to the life of a Istrophius and punned upon as above. Parliament, retaining the old provision that Iscrophius is a regular sixth-century three years should not pass without a latinisation of the Germanic name Scrof, and meeting. The note in N.E.D.' emphasizes that also appears as Scrob and Scrop the wrong point of each Act, and it is not (Shrop). clear whether the last clause refers to the In the Saxon Chronicle we get Scrob- Act of 1694 or that of 1664. sæte, Scrobbes-burh, Scrob-scir. We also find Scropes-burh. This is more truly "Greek (i.e., Alemannic) in dialect; cp. Scropton, Derbyshire, and Shropham, Norfolk. We say Shropshire, to-day, although we call the town Shrewsbury. This postulates *Scrofis > *Scrœfis *Screwis; cp. O.E. efete, an evet a newt, and Gif-(ica)> *Gif-is: Yiew's-ley.

66

66

In King Arthur's time (459-492) the Brythonic name of Shrewsbury was Cair Amguidic, and Welchmen call that town Amwythig to this day. "Sir Amwythig is Welch for Shropshire and that was the Land of the Amōthingas of Widsith.' The Greeks who captured the town c. 492 were, as I said above, Crēācas, and they issued either from Wiltshire (ep. O.E. Creccagelad," Cricklade, and Shrewton, near Amesbury) or from Lincolnshire (cp. Croco-calana," an unidentified station in 'Antonine '). Latin Crōco- represents an Alemannic Crouco, the O.E. Creaca. The unshifted stem CROUG appears in the possessive case in a fifth-century Gallician inscription (v. N. & Q.,' 12 S. vi. 166); and also in " Crog[in]dæn," an O.E. form of Croydon. Cp. Kemble, Codex Diplomaticus, No. 492. The Latin rendering of this charter (K., C.D.,' No. 1242) yields "Croindene "; v. 'Textus Roffensis, ed. Hearne, p. 112, and cp. Domesday Book, 'Sudrie,' fo. 306 (2).

G. G. L.

DR. GREGORY SHARPE (1713-71).-According to the will of his brother, William Sharpe, of Brockley Hill, Middlesex (he died Aug. 19, 1767, aged 71), the full name of the Master of the Temple was John Gregory Sharpe. The writer of the notice in theD.N.B.' appeared to know nothing of Dr. Sharpe's parentage. His father was William Sharpe, who died Jan. 19, 1732-3, aged 68, and his mother was Margaret, daughter of Thomas Beake, Esq. Some particulars of the family will be found in Clutterbuck's 'Hertfordshire,' 1815, i. 162. The Master of the Temple, with his brothers, Joshua Sharpe ("The Honest Lawyer "), Horatio Sharpe, Governor of Maryland, and William Sharpe, figure in a family group or 'Conversation Piece" by Hogarth which. is now on view in a West End gallery. 18 King's Avenue, S.W.4.

66

W. ROBERTS..

THE PALACE OF THE SAVOY: BIBLIOGRAPHICAL NOTE.--The existing Chapel of the Savoy is a meagre relic of the famous Palace, and recorded memories and history belonging to it are therefore of great interest,. so little of the buildings and so few sites. having survived to our own time. What must be considered the standard history is 1. "Memorials of the Savoy, by the Rev. W. J. Loftie, published by Macmillan in 1878." In its 267 pages there is much useful information and nothing has displaced it or

3rd. Wednesday.-After breakfast left Windsor and took the Egham road, keeping near the Thames The phonological accommodation conof which we had some pleasing views. Crossed Runnymede, which ought to have some better sisted in prefixing and uttering an i before memorial of the great transactions upon it than a s+consonant so as to make the pronunciarace-stand. A foreigner would probably supposetion easier. This practice appears in the that the races here were a sort of Grecian games to commemorate the obtaining of Magna Charta, whereas a fine piece of turf was probably the sole cause of their institution! After leaving the forest and river scenery came through some of the wild Surrey commons to Cobham and again took

and inscriptions; v. A Historical Grammar TRIENNIAL ACTS.-A note in the N.E.D.' of the French Language,' by Auguste runs thus: "An act of 1640, limiting the Brachet (tr. G. W. Kitchen, 1874), p. 78.

duration of parliament to three years; also The scribe who was primarily responsible the name given to an act of 1694, following for the copies of Geoffrey's Historia' that an earlier one of Charles II., providing Jerome Comme'in of Heidelberg (c. 1590) against any longer intermissions of parliaand Dr. J. A. Giles (1842) depended upon, ment than three years." Is not this miswas puzzled by the scribal error and the leading? The Act of 1641 (not 1640) did. prothetic i, and he gave way to the in- indeed provide for automatic dissolution. clination to pun. The word he could not after three years, but the main provision. understand, namely, Istrophius, suggested was that Parliament must meet every third ἐπιστροφή to him. So he twisted the name year. This Act was virtually repealed in of the king of the "Greeks" into "Epi- 1664, in order to continue the life of a substrophius." These particular enemies of servient house, but there was a proviso that King Arthur were the Creacas of Widsith '; Parliament must meet at least once in three cp. N. & Q.', 11 S. x. 341. Now the name years. The danger now was the continuanceof this king was undoubtedly set down as of a subservient house, so the Act of 1694 Iscrophius originally, and that was misread fixed a three years' limit to the life of a Istrophius and punned upon as above. Parliament, retaining the old provision that "Iscrophius is a regular sixth-century three years should not pass without a latinisation of the Germanic name Scrof, and meeting. The note in N.E.D.' emphasizes that also appears as Scrob and Scrop the wrong point of each Act, and it is not (Shrop). In the Saxon Chronicle we get Scrobsæte, Scrobbes-burh, Scrob-scir. We also find Scropes-burh. This is more truly "Greek (ie., Alemannic) in dialect; cp. Scropton, Derbyshire, and Shropham, Norfolk. We say Shropshire, to-day, although we call the town Shrewsbury. This postulates *Scrofis > *Scrofis > *Screwis; cp. O.E. efete, an evet > a newt, and Gif-(ica)> *Gif-is: Yiew's-ley.

In King Arthur's time (459-492) the Brythonic name of Shrewsbury was Cair Amguidic, and Welchmen call that town Amwythig to this day. "Sir Amwythig' is Welch for Shropshire and that was the Land of the Amōthingas of Widsith.' The Greeks" who captured the town c. 492 were, as I said above, Crēācas, and they issued either from Wiltshire (cp. O.E. Creccagelad," Cricklade, and Shrewton, near Amesbury) or from Lincolnshire (cp. "Croco-calana,"

66

clear whether the last clause refers to the

Act of 1694 or that of 1664.

G. G. L.

DR. GREGORY SHARPE (1713-71).—According to the will of his brother, William Sharpe, of Brockley Hill, Middlesex (he died Aug. 19, 1767, aged 71), the full name of the Master of the Temple was John Gregory Sharpe. The writer of the notice in the D.N.B.' appeared to know nothing of Dr. Sharpe's parentage. His father was William Sharpe, who died Jan. 19, 1732-3, aged 68, and his mother was Margaret, daughter of Thomas Beake, Esq. Some particulars of the family will be found in Clutterbuck's 'Hertfordshire,' 1815, i. 162. The Master of the Temple, with his brothers, Joshua Sharpe ("The Honest Lawyer "), Horatio Sharpe, Governor of Maryland, and William Sharpe, figure in a family group or Conversation Piece by Hogarth which. is now on view in a West End gallery.

18 King's Avenue, S. W.4. an unidentified station in Antonine'). Latin Croco- represents an Alemannic Crouco, the O.E. Creaca. The unshifted stem CROUG appears in the possessive case in a fifth-century Gallician inscription (v. N. & Q.,' 12 S. vi. 166); and also in " Crog[in]dæn," an O.E. form of Croydon. Cp. Kemble, Codex Diplomaticus, No. 492. The Latin rendering of this charter (K., C.D.,' No. 1242) yields Croindene V. Textus Roffensis, ed. Hearne, p. 112, and cp. Domesday Book, 'Sudrie,' fo. 306 (2).

W. ROBERTS..

THE PALACE OF THE SAVOY: BIBLIOGRAPHICAL NOTE.-The existing Chapel of the Savoy is a meagre relic of the famous Palace, and recorded memories and history belonging to it are therefore of great interest,. so little of the buildings and so few sites. having survived to our own time. What must be considered the standard history is 1. "Memorials of the Savoy, by the Rev. W. J. Loftie, published by Macmillan in 1878." In its 267 pages there is much useful information and nothing has displaced it or