CONDENSED AEC ANNUAL FINANCIAL REPORT, FISCAL YEAR 1954--- Comparative Balance Sheet_---- V APPENDIXES 1. Organization and Principal Staff of U. S. Atomic Energy Commission__ 2. Membership of Committees. 3. Major Research and Development Installations of the U. S. Atomic Energy Commission____ 4. Isotope Distribution Data, Oak Ridge, Tenn.. 5. AEC-Owned Patents___ Page 77 80 103 7. Current AEC Unclassified Research Contracts in Physical and Biological Sciences, Raw Materials, and Reactor Development- 3ཎྜ❁ 93 100 106 6. Regulations of the U. S. Atomic Energy Commission__ FOREWORD "The development, use, and control of atomic energy shall be directed The event of the past half year of greatest significance to the program of the Atomic Energy Commission was the enactment of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954 which became law on August 30 when the President signed the Cole-Hickenlooper bill. It is the first complete revision of the statutory charter of the Commission since passage of the original legislation in 1946. The paramount objective of the AEC was not altered-to make the maximum contribution to the common defense and security. What is new is added emphasis on the development of peacetime uses of atomic energy. Workable authority is provided to permit greater international cooperation; to increase the participation by private enterprise; and to assure effective dissemination of both scientific and industrial information. In its operations under the old law, the Commission in giving priority to its work on nuclear weapons, had not neglected the development of peacetime applications of atomic energy. The progress in development of power and research reactors; the growth of the industrial participation program; the remarkable expansion in the varied uses of radioisotopes and the continuous support of fruitful basic and applied research are evidences of the faith of the agency in the future of benign uses of the atom. The Atomic Energy Act of 1946 recognized that advances in the art would make revision of the basic statute necessary and desirable. The new law reflects the decision that this time has arrived. Under the new law, the scope and opportunity in these nonmilitary areas are enlarged. The 1954 Act spells out the purposes of the Commission's research activities to include agricultural, medical and industrial uses, generation of usable nuclear power and demonstration of the practical value of using atomic production facilities for industrial and commercial purposes. Additionally, subject to certain provisions, it opens up to some extent the area of patentability of inventions or discoveries other than those in the field of military utilization of nuclear energy. International Cooperation: The new Act provides, under prudent safeguards, for bilateral agreements with friendly nations which would permit a wide range of activities to be conducted on a mutually beneficial basis. These include the allocation of special nuclear material for power and research reactors; providing assistance in the design and construction of same, and the exchange of certain classified information on nonmilitary utilization of atomic energy after mutually agreeable security controls have been worked out. It also envisages an expansion of international cooperation in the exchange of ideas and unclassified information. In signing the Act, the President stressed the importance of proceeding with the plan for an international atomic energy agency which would advance peacetime applications. The Commission continues to assist the State Department in the private negotiations with the nations involved. These negotiations have brought wide areas of agreement as to the scope and function of the international agency. One major result was endorsement on December 4, 1954 by the United Nations General Assembly of the United States' proposal for the creation of the agency and for appointment of a special advisory committee to the United Nations Secretary General to plan an international scientific conference. The Commission initiated and also is assisting the State Department in planning this international scientific congress to be held later this year under the auspices of the United Nations. Pending the establishment of an international atomic energy agency and the negotiation of the bilateral agreements according to Section 123 of the new Act, the AEC is proceeding with a number of interim projects. These include: (1) Establishment of a reactor training school at the Argonne National Laboratory to be opened in March 1955; (2) a special session for foreign nationals of the four-week course in radioisotope techniques at the Oak Ridge Institute of Nuclear Studies to begin May 2; (3) training courses in the utilization of atomic energy in the fields of biology, medicine and agriculture; (4) training courses in industrial medicine and hygiene; (5) invitations to a number of doctors and surgeons and specialists to spend about two months in the United States visiting the Argonne and Oak Ridge Cancer Hospitals and other research centers; and (6) presentation of a number of AEC technical libraries to countries or regional groups. The new law also permits the Department of Defense, with Commission assistance, and again under proper security safeguards, to furnish our allies certain data needed for training in the use of and defense against atomic weapons and for evaluating the atomic capabilities of a potential aggressor. Encouragement of Private Enterprise: The new law also recognizes that the initiative and resources of private industry in the development and use of atomic energy for peaceful purposes should be en |