One final thought: It is impossible to examine any aspect of air operations, present or prospective, without facing up to the general issue, and I know you are going into it at a later date. I only want to say that with respect to Dulles, itself, I believe you must do somethingright now about the problem-right here and now.

Dulles was put out here because this was an open area which could be kept under control. I have seen in the papers lately that some of the local interests in Fairfax County are trying to get around the point that jet airports are, and so far as anybody knows will always be, horrendously noisy and unsuitable neighbors of residential areas. If anybody doubts this, look at National, a case in which the airport invaded the community, not the other way around. I think nobody can contradict the evidence that the Potomac River Valley was settled and jammed with people in their houses long before the airport was built, let alone before jets were let into it. The consequence of FAA error in handling this matter has been unspeakably bad, and any hour of any day may be tragic as well. I don't need to dwell on that. Everybody knows what it means that more than 600 flights a day have to come in and out of National, past the very heart of our country's Government, not to mention schools, hospitals, homes, and business establishments, and cultural monuments such as the Kennedy Centerfar more of which were where they are long before National was ever built-than have by necessity of urban life been built since.

It is false and absurd, as FAA apologists sometimes attempt to suggest, that Washington moved in on National, as against the opposite. But it would certainly be false and absurd to suggest that there is, or could be, any excuse for allowing housing developments to crowd up against Dulles.

I urge you most strongly, therefore, to arouse the proper public authorities to stop any such tendency-right now. If it is fair to say the jet carriers have no place at National, and I do say it, with equal force I say the jets do belong at Dulles, and they must be protected in the name of fair play and of proper environmental balance, from selfish real estate promotion by those who would allow housing to creep up on Dulles irresponsibly.

Thank you very much, Senator Spong.

FUTURE OF NATIONAL AIRPORT

Senator SPONG. Mr. Hechinger, thank you for your testimony. What do you envision as the future role for National Airport? Mr. HECHINGER. I think in the phaseout condition, I would say that it would continue on short haul with the transient operation.

I think that inevitably with land that is 3 miles from the center of the Capital, it would be phased out altogether and would be developed properly as housing or a new town in town for Washington, D.C., and environs.

Senator SPONG. I gather from the thrust of your remarks that you differ somewhat with testimony that has been received previously and in the March hearings, that National would continue to have a role as a short-haul airport. You envision a complete phasing out of National as an airport?

Mr. HECHINGER. I think that the indication of the subject of the rapid transit connection in Cleveland, the passengers that they have picked up I think within 6 or 7 months of operation and acceptability of that fast connection, would indicate that even for short haul that Dulles will suit for those who are trying to make a quick trip from the Congress.

Senator SPONG. Thank you.

Mr. Verlin Smith.

STATEMENT OF VERLIN SMITH, FAIRFAX CHAMBER OF COMMERCE

Senator SPONG. Mr. Smith, we are pleased to have you here with us. Mr. SMITH. Thank you, sir.

Mr. Chairman and gentlemen of the committee, my name is Verlin W. Smith and I am here to present the views of the Fairfax County Chamber of Commerce concerning the use and development of Dulles International Airport. I am a member of the board of directors of the organization and its official representative on the regional committee for Dulles.

Our statement, which I have filed with you, goes into considerable background on the growth, both residentialwise and industrialwise, which has taken place in Fairfax County and covers many of the points which have been covered many times today.

In order to save your time and to not be too repetitious, I will not read the statement which I have filed with you.

I wish to emphasize, however, that we feel one of the greatest needs to help Dulles, which we feel is a very wise and far-sighted investment, that better access must be provided as expeditiously as possible, primarily through the extension of Interstate Highway 66 and connection there with Dulles Airport access road.

We appreciate the opportunity to present our views. We feel that Dulles' potential has not even been scratched, we just have not reached any potential at all out here yet.

I would like to point out an important fact is, during the period of 1960 to 1967, 42 percent of the industrial employment growth in the Washington metropolitan area occurred in Fairfax County. We foresee with good reason, we feel, that this growth, both residential and industry-wise, will continue. Our planning staff which has recently compared the preliminary planning for the Bull Run district surrounding Dulles Airport in Fairfax County indicates that Dulles Airport is likely to be the most attractive, economic magnet for the next 15 years in Fairfax County and northern Virginia.

We further believe that the international opportunities for both the Nation, Virginia, and Fairfax County and the greater Washington area could be greatly assisted by the establishment of a foreign trade zone, or a free port around Dulles Airport, and this would become increasingly important, if the U.S. exposition industry should locate in Loudoun as is presently being discussed.

We think attraction of tourists in Virginia, to the area, the greater Washington area and Virginia, would greatly assist in the balance of payments, and as we proximate the celebration of our bicentennial, that this opportunity is considerable.

Thank you very much.

Senator SPONG. Thank you, Mr. Smith. We will place your prepared statement in its entirety in the record, and I personally appreciate your brevity.

Mr. SMITH. Thank you.

(The prepared statement of Mr. Smith follows:)

PREPARED STATEMENT BY VERLIN W. SMITH FOR FAIRFAX COUNTY CHAMBER OF COMMERCE

Mr. Chairman and Gentlemen, my name is Verlin W. Smith and I am here to present the views of the Fairfax County Chamber of Commerce concerning the use and development of Dulles International Airport. I am a member of the Board of Directors of the organization and its official representative on the Regional Committee for Dulles.

In analyzing the Washington Metropolitan Area and especially Fairfax County, growth is the prime factor that stands out in all statistics. Population grew from 40,000 in 1940 to a current estimate of 450,000. We have been experiencing in recent years an influx of 25,000 new people a year and our school system has been adding 7,000 new students a year. Statistics from the banking industry serve well to illustrate what has been happening to our County. In 1958 the total assests of county banks totaled $66 million. Reports for the third quarter of 1968 indicated these had grown more than ten times to $697 million.

This growth has been predicated on employment opportunities brought about by expanding governmental agencies and in the private sector by the location here of firms doing business with the Federal Government. The forecast made in 1959 by the National Capital Planning Commission, stated Fairfax County would in 1980 have an industrial employment base of 20,500. The 1969 Directory of the Fairfax County Industrial Authority indicates this figure has already been surpassed with figures showing over 23,000 employees. An important fact to note is during the period 1960 to 1967 42% of the industrial employment growth in the Washington Metropolitan area occurred in Fairfax County.

This type of growth can be expected to continue. Control Data Corp. has recently acquired a site in the County alongside the Dulles Access Highway. Plans call for a $15,000,000 installation and eventual employment of 2000. Another recent announcement by the U.S. Geological Survey states that adjacent to the Dulles Access Road in Reston new facilities will be built, consolidating on an 85-acre tract that agency's 30 metropolitan area offices with total employment of 2800 persons. Planning is also underway for a vast industrial air park adjoining Dulles and strenuous efforts are being put forth to locate the planned U.S. Exposition of Science and Industry in the vicinity of the facility. Noteworthy too, is the acquisition by IBM of two sites in neighboring counties close by the airport.

Planning is already uderway by Fairfax County authorities in the Bull Run Planning District which comprises the Fairfax County area surrounding Dulles. Initial plans call for setting aside of extensive acreage, in excess of 3200 acres for industrial and airport-oriented usage, since they anticipate that the airport, ". . . will very likely prove to be the most significant feature of Fairfax County's economic development over the next fifteen years."

In this regard the Fairfax County Chamber of Commerce is on record with local and state authorities urging them to zone lands on both sides of the Dulles Access Road from Route 7 to the Airport for industrial purposes so as to accommodate anticipated future demand. Building of parallel local service roads to the airport access road is envisioned as an integral part of this proposal which we believe can create a "showcase" for American industry for both citizens and international visitors alike. Action now should be taken to keep ahead of rising costs and to assure future availability of land for this purpose. With extensive growth in Fairfax, Loudoun and Prince William Counties, both past and present, a matter of record, and heavy continued growth expected for the region in the future, especially in the vicinity of the Dulles facility, there comes a demand for public services. This demand not only covers the usual public safety and health factors, but extends to air transportation as well.

Both government and business today are multifacted operations requiring domestic and international travel by public administrators and business executives alike. Public safety requirements have placed mandatory limitations on the

amount and hours of usage of Washington National Airport. Baltimore-Friendship is needed to service the heavy requirements of the City of Baltimore and the expending Maryland regions to the north and east of Washington. It, therefore, is imperative that maximum attention be given to increasing the public usefullness of Dulles international Airport not only to service the needs of the Nation's Capital and the growing important economic requirements of the adjacent Virginia cities and counties; but also to secure the maximum value from the farsighted and wise capital investment that has been made in the creation of this world-famed facility.

The Fairfax County Chamber of Commerce as a consequence recommends that immediate consideration be given to the following areas of concern so as to improve not only accessibility but the overall utility of the Dulles International Airport.

I. Surface Transportation-Ease of reaching the airport from downtown Washington and close-in suburbs is the key to increased usage. A "Rapid Transit" system is a must and present engineering planning should include this.

The political impasse concerning completion of I-66 and the building of the Three Sisters Bridge should be resolved so as to provide fast expressway accommodations for those desiring to reach the airport by automobile and bus from the central city. In this vein the previously discussed parallel local service roads should also be considered for the development of areas along the existing access road.

II. Air Transportation-While helicopter and STOL service is authorized between the three major airports serving the region, consideration should be given to the establishment of intermediate heliports throughout the area and downtown Washington, as well as, STOL service from local service airports.

III. Terminal Expansion-Emphasis should be given to accelerating the planned expansion of Dulles' terminal facilities to keep pace with the ever increasing aircraft size. The airlines are already using the "stretch" jet and "jumbo" jet or "air-bus" service will be inaugurated in the relatively near future. This modern and most advanced airport with its mobile lounges should and must be capable of handling the increased passenger volume that will come from usage of these larger aircraft. Runway and technical controls are ready— terminal and lounge additions should not be allowed to drag or fall behind.

IV. Free Port-Dulles International Airport is unique in the amount of surrounding open space available for development and in the fact that it serves the Nation's Capital. As a result it is ideally suited for the establishment of a "Free Port" for stimulating international trade. The location in Washington of the Embassies of the world's nations provides for ease in the consumating of trade negotiations and agreements. Immediate steps should be taken to bring a "Free Port" into existence as has been suggested many times by various governmental units and business groups including the Fairfax County Chamber of Commerce.

V. Improved Customs Services-For an international airport "Customs Service" is a necessity. Planning studies, however, should be initiated for an expansion of service to keep pace with the anticipated increase in passenger and air freight volume resulting from larger aircraft size and hopefully from new and improved scheduling.

VI. Scheduling-Chief among the complaints heard on Dulles is the need for improved scheduling. These fall into two areas. One-no service is provided to and from Dulles to many of the major domestic airports. Two-there is a drastic need for coordinating round trip scheduling. Patrons find they can fly from Dulles but convenient return trips are unavailable with the consequence that they return via another area airport and must, therefore, go from one airport to another to pick up their personal automobile transportation. In many instances this situation causes patrons to avoid using Dulles altogether. Improved scheduling, we believe, would substantially increase the usage of this quality airport.

VII. International Transfer Point-News accounts continually voice concern over the growing air congestion in the New York City area and the hazards that exist for both passengers and population. We, therefore, propose that international flights be diverted from New York's Kennedy Airport to Dulles when the passengers' destinations are to points other than the northeastern sector of the Country and transfer to domestic airlines is a resultant requirement.

Mr. Chairman, the Fairfax County Chamber of Commerce respectfully urges you and your colleagues on the Senate District of Columbia Committee to give full and complete consideration to the information and proposals put forth by our organization for the improvement and increased use of Dulles International Airport. It is our hope that through implementation of these recommendations this beautiful, world acclaimed, unique airport, so many years ahead of its time, will come into its own and be rightfully called "the buy of the century". Thank you.

Senator SPONG. Mr. Worthington?

STATEMENT OF NORMAN WORTHINGTON, ARLINGTON CHAMBER OF COMMERCE, ARLINGTON, VA.; ACCOMPANIED BY CARL AMTHOR, CHAIRMAN, NATIONAL AIRPORT STUDY COMMITTEE

Mr. WORTHINGTON. Mr. Chairman, I would like to introduce the gentleman on my right, Mr. Carl B. Amthor, who is chairman of the National Airport Study Committee to the Arlington Chamber of Commerce.

My name is Norman Worthington. I am executive vice president of the chamber of commerce.

Our chamber represents approximately a thousand business and professional leaders in Arlington. Arlington has a population of 190,000. It has one of the highest per capita income levels on the eastern seaboard and it is the location of the National Airport, the fact of which we are justly proud.

We have two prepared statements to read. The first is a statement from Mr. Harold J. Casto, who is chairman of our transportation committee.

In our opinion, one of the answers to the underutilization of Dulles International Airport is the provision of improved automotive access. We recommend the completion of Interstate Route 66 between the 495 Beltway and over the Potomac River into the District. Recognizing several complex problems which might block the completion of this project as an alternative we urge completion of Route 66 between the 495 Beltway and the Potomac River.

I think Mr. Amthor has a statement he would like to make from the National Airport Study Committee.

Senator SPONG. We would be very pleased to hear from Mr. Amthor.

Mr. AMTHOR. Thank you, Mr. Chairman.

FUTURE PLANNING

The Arlington County Chamber of Commerce is vitally interested in the future planning of all Washington area airport facilities. As businessmen and as travelers we are anxious to see Dulles International Airport reach its full potential as a major jetport, capable of handling not only current airliners but also the new jumbo jets and air buses. Our studies have convinced us of the key role which Dulles plays in handling these large jetliners, and we are pleased to note the role of your committee in behalf of these same objectives. We are also very concerned about the proper role which Washington National Airport should serve in handling the rapidly in