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John J. Reed. $1.50.

Third ed., rev, and enl. 12°, pp. 410.

Sacred Songs for Social Worship. 18°, pp. 224.

75 C.

Scott.-Waverley Novels.

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The Supplementary Fair.

THE "Supplementary" Book Fair has not been the greatest of successes, for several reasons, which it is worth while to consider. The sales have not been large, so that we fear the managers themselves even have not been remunerated for their outlay in circulars and fittings, nor have buyers been so many as to make it a very desirable place to show goods. We stated, when the "Supplementary Fair" idea was first broached, that its failure or success could not test further the value of the Fair system, because it would be an individual and peculiar experiment, not to be repeated as a part of the system.

The trade generally was not in favor of it, and most of the houses represented went in, partly, as they used to at the trade sales, because others were to be represented, and partly from the better reason that it was a trade affair, and so long as it had been determined upon, it should receive general support. As the time for the Fair approached, its prospects seemed brighter, for the travellers of several houses brought in word that customers were waiting for the Fair. Accordingly, although we had at first questioned its expediency, we began to feel and to express the belief that the Fair would after all be a great success. But it is now sug. gested that this was but an excuse to dispose of the travellers, and the Fair has not been what we hoped.

It seems to us that there are two classes of reasons for this. This Fair was, in the first place, "a day after the Fair"-the other one. It was not then understood that there would

be a second, and buyers bought without reference to the present one. The notes from the first Fair have not been fully paid, and buyers were therefore asked to furnish indorsers for a second line of paper while the first was still out. Many of the books sold at the first one -from announcements-had not been deli❤ vered. Moreover, the sale was after the usual time for stocking up, and, in point of time, fell between two stools, especially as travellers in a dull year had pushed their sales to the utmost. Add to this the dulness itself, the fact that out-of-town men did not want to spend the money to come in, and finally, that the Fair came at the time at which whatever home business was to be done should be begun: and there is sufficient reason to account for the non-success of the "Supplementary.”

But, secondly, it has brought out more strong. ly certain criticism made upon the plan at the first Fair. The considerable commission to be paid on sales is the first and chief objection. We do not know that the rate is exorbitant, considering that the managers assume risk, but it is a general feeling that selling houses would prefer to take their own risks, and pay directly their share of expenses, and of a lump remuneration to the managers. At present it is an object on both sides to buy as well as to sell at the store, and so long as this is the case, the Fair can not be the success it should be. The system of indorsed notes is also objected to by buyers, not simply by those who might have difficulty in finding indorsers, but by strong houses whose credit is sufficiently good without indorsers to procure all the goods they want, and who refuse to jeopardize

that credit by asking indorsements which they must be liable to repay in kind.

On the other hand, there are certain advantages, in the way of financial management and the assuring of credit, that it is difficult to find place for on the individual system. Many houses would decline to sell on such time, except for indorsed notes, which they individually could not ask from customers. We are not sure but that ultimately a somewhat flexible plan will be adopted, in which those who wish time and like advantages may do their business

under letters of credit and such arrangements with the managers and others directly.

The Fair system gives an admirable opportunity to bring buyers and sellers together, to show goods, and to sell them. But the Fair must be at fixed times, not more than twice in the year, and possibly only in the fall, the last of September or the first of October. With such improvements as experience suggests, it will prove a permanent and useful feature in the trade.

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR.

The interests of the trade can not be better served, than by a full discussion by its members of all questions which affect it. Our columns are always open to communications on any such subject, provided they be brief and suggestive, and we cordially invite the trade to express any suggestions or opinions of inte

rest or value in "Letters to the Editor."

Reform in New-Orleans.

A NEW-ORLEANS correspondent writes: "I note your admirable editorial on Trade Organizations,' in No. 196 of the PUBLISHERS' WEEKLY, and I am happy to announce that the book trade in this city is now on a prospective paying basis, all owing to the PUBLISHERS' WEEKLY, the A. B. T. A., and our organization formed less than a month since. The resolution to which you refer in your editorial was hastily written, and was altered in the constitution (now under consideration), which provides that in the case of booksellers refusing to comply with the A. B. T. A. rules, discounts shall be withdrawn, and the case reported to the Arbitration Committee of the A. B. T. A.”

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ber," and would put money in his own purse in no stinted quantity. He lives in "one of the largest cities in the South, and that has eight or ten first-class bookstores," and yet there is not a bookseller that knows how to order books that he does not happen to have on hand, nor that knows what six-dollar books he does have

on hand till his customer finds them for him.

Where is the city, Mr. Editor? Just call it out, and see if there will not be a man to occupy that vacant territory. Yours,

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The following is one of the leading postulates laid down: " Copyright may justly be claimed by an author of a book who has taken existing materials from sources common to all writers, and arranged and combined them in a new form, and given them an application unknown before, for the reason that in so doing he has exercised skill and discretion in making the selections, arrangement, and combination, and having presented something that is new and useful, he is entitled to the exclusive enjoyment of his improvement, as provided in the copyright act. Books made and composed in that manner are the proper subjects of copyright; and the author of such a book has as much right in his plan, arrangement, and combination of the materials collected and presented, as he has in his thoughts, sentiments, reflections, and opinions, or in the modes in which they are therein expressed and illus trated; but he can not prevent others from using the old material for a different purpose. All he acquires by virtue of the copyright is 'the sole right and liberty of printing, reprinting, publishing, and vending such book' for the period prescribed by law. Others may use the old materials for a different purpose, but they can not copy and use his improvement, which includes his plan, arrangement, and combination of the materials, as well as the materials themselves, of which the book is made and composed."

There ap

The allegation of infringement was tested by a comparison of the works, aided by the evidence of competent experts. peared to be numerous coincidences of errors and citations, which, the Court observes, when sufficiently numerous, are almost conclusive

We are indebted to Rowland Cox, Esq., for this article.

circumstances in favor of the complainant. Speaking of coincidences of errors, Mr. Curtis is quoted: "Where the question is whether the defendant, in preparing his book, had before him and copied or imitated the book of the plaintiff, it is manifest that this kind of evidence is the strongest proof, short of direct evidence, of which the fact is capable." And a like view is expressed in respect of coincidences of citations and arrangement.

The defendants sought, however, to show that, even if they had copied complainant's notes, there was no infringement, as the use complained of was to be regarded as an "abridgment." The rule upon this point is announced in the following language: "Rights secured by copyright are property within the meaning of the law of copyright, and whoever invades that property beyond the privilege conceded to subsequent authors commits a tort, and is liable to an action. None of these rules of decision are inconsistent with the privilege of a subsequent writer to make what is called a fair use of a prior publication; but their effect undoubtedly is to limit that privilege, so that it shall not be exercised to an extent to work substantial injury to the property which is under the legal protection of copyright. Reviewers may make extracts sufficient to show the merits or demerits of the work, but they can not so exercise the privilege as to su persede the original book. Sufficient may be taken to give a correct view of the whole, but the privilege of making extracts is limited to those objects, and can not be exercised to such an extent that the review shall become a substitute for the book reviewed. Examined as a

question of strict law, apart from exceptional cases, the privilege of fair use accorded to a subsequent writer must be such, and such only, as will not cause substantial injury to the proprietor of the first publication; but cases frequently arise in which, though there is some injury, yet equity will not interpose by injunction to prevent the further use, as where the amount copied is small and of little value, if there is no proof of bad motive, or where there is a well-founded doubt as to the legal title, or where there has been long acquiescence in the infringement, or culpable laches and negligence in seeking redress, especially if it appear that the delay has misled the respondent.'

Among the conclusions of law are the following: "That notes of which the whole or some substantial and material part is condensed from the corresponding notes in the preceding edition, or from the extracts therein printed and published, without any marks of original labor, or of any such labor except the study of the note copied and adopted," are infringements. 'That notes partly original and partly copied from the preceding edition do not infringe, except for the matter copied, if it be practicable to ascertain and define the separate proportions and make the separation of the same; but if not, still the respondent, at the proper stage of the case, must be restrained from using the part copied."

The last conclusion is important, as it, in effect, rules that notes that are in part an infringement can not be used.

The great length of the opinion precludes an exhaustive review of it. It is probably the most elaborate discussion of the subject of copyright in annotations or notes to be found

in the books, and is of great weight as being the view of Judge Clifford, concurred in by the no less able judge of the District Court of Massachusetts The case is reported in full in the American Law Times Reports for September.

Booksellers as Educators.

ALTHOUGH we do not expect, nor even wish, booksellers to band themselves together as an association for the sale of godly books, we yet think and hope that in the course of time members of the trade will come to the conclusion that their business is one of great responsibility, and that they may be agents for evil as well as for good. A chemist is restrained from selling poisonous drugs to children, and even when he sells them to adults he is compelled to take certain well-defined precautions, so that no harm may arise. The bookseller, on the other hand, is subjected to no restriction, to no surveillance, and need render no account. He may sell the most pestiferous trash, poisoning the minds of children, arousing the passions of youth, and encouraging all to the commission of the most atrocious crimes. He may every day sell broadsheets familiarizing readers with scenes of violence and bloodshed, hardening the feelings and corroding the conscience, until crime and wickedness become so familiar that indulgence in one and perpetration of the other become matters of course. We would, therefore, in all earnestness, urge upon such of our readers as may be connected with the periodical trade that they should positively refuse to sell or have in their shops such trash as common sense tells them is dangerous. In the end they will be no losers, but will benefit by the apparent present loss of business, and will also have the satisfaction of knowing that they are in some degree helping to promote the happiness of their fellow-creatures. If booksellers would but consider the greatness of their mission they would see that they wield an enormous power. It may be a poor trade, it may yield but a scanty return for the time and labor bestowed, it may be that those who ought to encourage honest, respectable members do not, but the consciousness that they are promoting the cause of sound morality will in itself be no small reward. Let us, as booksellers, help to stamp out this curse!-London Bookseller.

BUSINESS CHANGES.

AUSTIN, TEXAS.-The firm of Thompson & Nagle having dissolved, Mr. Nagle will continue the business in his own name.

BOSTON.-The copartnership existing between H. D. Brown and H. H. W. Edmands having dissolved by limitation, a new partnership has been formed between H. D. Brown and George E. Littlefield, under firm name of H. D. Brown & Co.

NOTES AND QUERIES.

WHERE can published information be obtained concerning Karl Reimer, the German publisher?

Is the calalogue of the Public Library of Quincy, Mass., for sale-where, and at what price? L. T. S.

The Book Fair.

the

E. L. Pendexter, by Frederick L. Pendexter
Baker, Pratt & Co., by L. L. Higgins.

R. B. Dovell's Son, by Mr. Dovell.

R. Sneider, by Charles Sneider.
Dennison & Co., by W. C. Peckham.
Brower Brothers, by B. Brower.
American Lead-Pencil Co., by Mr. Theo.
Smith.

Anderson & Cameron, by Mr. Anderson. Carter, Dinsmore & Co., by Mr. Dinsmore. The fair is looked upon as a moderate success, and it is understood that a considerable amount of goods have been sold. Like the Book Fair, however, it has not fulfilled the expectations, although the sales have been proportionately larger than at Clinton Hall, in comparison with those of July.

THE Supplementary Book Fair of A. B. T. A., the second held under its auspices, opened at Clinton Hall, under the management of G. A. Leavitt & Co., Thursday, October 21st, and closed Wednesday, 27th. About fifty houses were represented, following the list previously given in the announcement of the Fair, and some of them displayed more samples than at the first Fair. The main salesroom and the room above were both filled. The number of buyers present during the week did not exceed fifty, but nearly a dozen States were represented, some of those registered coming from Michigan and other States well West, although the greater part were from New-York State. The selling houses present were perhaps the largest buyers. Only members of the A. B. T. A. were permitted to buy at the Fair, and several gave in their adherence to the association during the Fair, among them the house of N. Tibbals & Son, of New-York. The Fair was scarcely a success, for reasons which we state elsewhere; the closest estimate of the sales place the total in the neighborhood of $30,000, or about ten per cent the sales at the first Fair. During the "intervals of business" considerable fun was going on. Mr. Vogelius, of Henry Holt & Co., started a mental photograph album around, and obtained many biographies, which will be useful to the historian of the second centennial.ling Mr. Knox, of James Miller's, wickedly ushered

about an innocent friend, who was adorned

with a large placard, "Sold," quite unsuspecting that he himself was adorned with a huger badge to like effect. One stand, which its owner had deserted for the time, was placarded by unknown friends, "Closed for Repairs," and another gave notice one of the dull days that it would "open next Christmas." Considerable many sellers were sold with large bills, and in this wise the days were beguiled. The Fair gave, however, opportunity to show stock even to those not buying, and among those not before referred to in this respect, the house of Macmillan & Co. made an especially brilliant display. The general feeling at the Fair was not, however, against the system, but that the present one was ill-timed and unnecessary.

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Samuel Raynor & Co., by H. N. Osborn.
Rubens & Co., by Charles Rubens.
Koch, Son & Co., by W. C. Horn.
J. D. Emack, by J. A. Heckman.
Porter & Bainbridge, by R. Cockcroft.
Slote, Woodman & Co.

Boorum & Pease, by L. A. Lipman.
Mabie, Todd & Co., by Mr. Bard.
Nicholas Muller's Sons, by W. F. Muller.
Aiken, Lambert & Co., by George Wood.
Andrew King & Co., by Joseph Lux.
J. O. Smith, by P. V. Smith.

BOOKS RECEIVED.

TALES OF THE ARGONAUTS, and Other Sketches, by Bret Harte. (James R. Osgood & Co.) In this volume are gathered the latest and some of the best of Bret Harte's stories. "The Rose of Tuolumne," "How Old Man Plunkett Went Home," "Baby Sylvester," "An Episode of Fiddletown," and "Wau Lee, the Pagan," are among them, and will be recogBret Harte's quaint style, with its odd mingnized as having appeared in recent periodicals.

of pathos and humor, and his powerful abundantly displayed in these sketches as in characterizations of old California life, are as any thing he has given the world. 12mo, cloth, $1.50.

BREAD AND ORANGES, by the author of "The Wide, Wide World." (Robert Carter & Bros.) The series of which this is a volume will be best remembered by the initial work, "The Little Camp on Eagle Hill." It was in this acquaintance was first made with "Uncle Eden" and "Maggie." We find them in this story in Florida, with Mrs. Franklin, who has been sent there for her health, with her children Flora and Meredith. Though the story contains some quite thrilling adventures, such as the whole party setting sail for the West-Indies and being wrecked on a desert island, it is really written to fully illustrate and make clear to a child's comprehension the portion of the Lord's prayer, "Give us this day our daily bread." This is accomplished through" Uncle Eden," as in previous volumes. 16mo, cloth, $1.25.

McKeen. (A. D. F. Randolph & Co.) The home of Theodora is situated among the hills of Vermont. Her father is a New-England minister, with a bright family of boys and girls around him. The story relates the history of each one of them; first in their childish plays and afterwards in the world: the boys taking part in the late war, and going through all the horrors of Andersonville. Theodora's story occupies most space, her love affairs being somewhat complex. A not disagreeable vein of teaching runs all through the story, which earnestly aims to inculcate the purest Christian principles. A good story for the young people outgrowing juvenile literature. 12mo, cloth, $1.50.

THEODORA A HOME STORY, by Phebe F.

OPIUM-EATING: An Autobiographical Sketch, by an Habituate. (Claxton, Remsen & Haffelfinger.) None of the fascination which enve

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