renewal of the East India Company's charter, the friends of missions should direct their efforts towards securing the introduction of clauses permitting the free entrance of missionaries into India, and liberty to propagate the Christian religion. With Mr. Fuller as their leader, they were most unremitting in supplying their representatives in Parliament with all necessary information. The debates upon the renewal of the charter extended over several weeks. Amongst those who rendered the mission cause the most effective help were William Wilberforce in the Commons and Marquis Wellesley in the Lords.

To convey to our readers some idea of the character of the debate we shall quote one or two passages from two speeches; one delivered by an opponent, and the other by Mr. Wilberforce :

"Your struggles," declaimed Mr. Marsh, "are only begun when you have converted one caste; never will the scheme of Hindoo conversion be realised till you persuade an immense population to suffer by whole tribes the severest martyrdom-and are the missionaries whom this Bill will let loose on India fit engines for the accomplishment of this great revolution? Will these people, crawling from the holes and caverns of their original destinations, apostates from the loom and the anvil (he should not have said the anvil but the awl, for Carey was originally a shoemaker) and renegades from the lowest handicraft employments, be a match for the cool and sedate controversies they will have to encounter should the brahmins condescend to enter into the arena against the maimed and crippled gladiators that presume to grapple with their faith? What can be apprehended but the disgrace and discomfiture of whole hosts of tub preachers in the conflict?"

In the course of the debate Mr. Wilberforce delivered several speeches, one of which he thus concluded:-"In truth, sir, these Anabaptist missionaries, as, among other low epithets bestowed on them, they have been contemptuously termed, are entitled to our highest respect and admiration. One of them, Dr. Carey, was originally in one of the lowest stations of society, but under all the disadvantages of such a situation, he had the genius as well as the benevolence to devise the plan, which has since been pursued, of forming a society for communicating the blessings of Christian light to the natives of India, and his first care was to qualify himself to act a distinguished part in that truly noble enterprise. He resolutely applied himself to the diligent study of the learned languages, and, after making a considerable proficiency in them, he applied himself to several of the Oriental tongues, more especially to that which I understand is regarded as the parent of them all, the Sanscrit, in which last his proficiency is acknowledged to be greater than that of Sir W. Jones himself, or any other European. Of several of these languages he has already published grammars; of one or two of them a dictionary, and he has in contemplation still greater enterprises. All this time, sir, he is labouring indefatigably as a missionary, with a warmth of zeal only equalled by that with which he prosecutes his literary labours. Another of these Anabaptist missionaries, Mr. Marshman, has established a seminary for the cultivation of the Chinese language, which he has studied with a success scarcely inferior to that of Dr. Carey in the Sanscrit. It is a merit of a more vulgar sort, but to those who are blind to their moral and even their literary excellences, it may perhaps afford an estimate of value better suited to their principles and habits of

calculation, that these men, and Mr. Ward also, another of the missionaries, acquiring from £1000 to £1500 per annum each by the various exercise of their talents, throw the whole into the common stock of the Mission, which they thus support by their contributions only less effectually than by their researches and labours of a higher order. Such, sir, are the exertions, such the merits, such the success of those great and good men, for so I shall not hesitate to term them."

On the 13th of July the bill passed the Commons and was accepted by the Lords, the clauses relating to the missionaries, which permitted their free entrance into India, having been previously inserted by a large majority of votes.

Before leaving the record of these events, we would not omit a reference to the effective service in securing this triumph of religious liberty rendered by the Quarterly Review, which periodical most drastically and successfully combated the scurrilous attacks of the Rev. Sydney Smith in The Edinburgh, and which, as recently as last year, contained in its July issue a most admirable article on Christian Missions.

Soon after the settlement at Serampore, the missionaries felt the importance of providing a place for worship and religious instruction in Calcutta. Plans were consequently drawn out, subscriptions were solicited, and a site procured in Lal Bazaar. A temporary building was first erected, and in 1807 Carey informed Sutcliff that a petition had been presented to Government for permission to build a new chapel, the petition being signed by 115 of the inhabitants, many of whom were merchants of the first respectability, and that it had met with a favour

able response. On New Year's day, 1809, the chapel was duly opened.

As Carey's duties at the Fort-William College took him regularly to Calcutta, he agreed to conduct the week-day services and to preach in turn with his brethren on the Sunday-an evidence of his extraordinary power for work. Every hour of every day of the week seems to have been occupied either

with translating or proof-reading, compilation of grammars or dictionaries, lecturing or preaching. He was almost ubiquitous as far as engagements in Serampore and Calcutta were concerned. Turning over the leaves of the "Periodical Accounts," we meet with numerous passages indicating his marvellously abundant labours, such as the following: "Brother Carey, in a conversation of nearly two hours, laid before the Mussulmans, who had come to our house,