Bishop received that church, with its land, and all its liberty, and commonage given to the inhabitants, in field and in woods, in water and in pastures, and with the approbation of his father Gwriad, and the grant of Meurig, King of Glamorgan, and by a perpetual donation confirmed, and placed upon the altar of St. Dubricius, St. Teilo, and St. Oudoceus. Of the clergy, the witnesses are, Joseph, Bishop; Rwydd, Priest; Cyfeiliawg, Equonimus; of the laity, Gwrgan son of Ithael, Gwriad, and his sons Cadwallawn, Dissaith, Tewdwr. Its boundary is-In breadth, from the brook Brachan to Glesius; in length, from the fountain Liss to the confluence of the two brooks of Brachan. Whoever will keep it, may God keep him; and whoever will separate it from the Church of Llandaff, may he be accursed. Amen.

17.-CECIN PENRHOS UPON WYE.2

Seisyllt son of Gistlerth sacrificed to God, and to St. Dubricius, St. Teilo, and St. Oudoceus, and to Bishop Joseph, and all Bishops of Llandaff for ever, and to the church of Cinfall, Cecin Penrhos, upon the banks of the Mynwy, on one side of Llancinfall,3 and with the approbation of Gruffydd son of Rhydderch, for ever. Its boundary is,-From directly opposite the influx of the spring of Eurdil, through Mynwy, along the ridge of Penrhos to the right in the direction of the head of the meadow of Awddi, along it downwards to Mynwy, along it to the influx

A word, the meaning of which is doubtful, but supposed to be written either for Cevn, signifying a back, the ridge of a hill, or to be derived from Cég, a neck, and signifying nearly the same thing.

2 Probably the Priory, a short distance northward from Monmouth. 3 Llangynfell, near Monmouth, see page 418.

of the spring of Eurdil, where it began. Of the clergy, the witnesses are, Joseph, Bishop; Rwdd, priest of Llandaff; Cyfeiliawg, Equonimus, Clement, priest of Lanncinfall; of the laity, Gruffydd son of Rhydderch, King of Glamorgan; Seisyllt son of Gistlerth, Awddi and Gwylstan, sons and heirs of Sigilm, Branud, Gwor and his son Gwnwar, Idmab of Lanncinfall, the Bishop's chief officer; Rhydderch and Seisyllt sons of Enud of Lannmocha.

18.-CECIN1 PENICELLI, NEAR LANNMOCHA.

Rhiwallon son of Tudfwlch came one day, accompanied by his household, to Lannmocha, excited by anger and fury, and plundered the people of that church; and proceeding with his prey, the relics of the church following him, with great outcry and groaning, he fell down at Ffynnon Oer, [Cold Well,] being exceedingly amazed at seeing a great fish leap out of the well, on account of which his horse started, and threw his rider to the ground; and having broken his arm, and being half-dead, he called his household to him, and gave up the prey. And in that place he gave to St. Dubricius, St. Teilo, and St. Oudoceus, and to Bishop Joseph, and all Bishops of Llandaff, his hereditary estate of Cecin Penicelli, without any payment to any mortal man, except to the Church of Llandaff, and its Pastors for ever. Its boundary is,-The spring of Ffynnon Oer, along it downwards opposite to the clay pit, downwards to the gorge of the hollow on the north side, along the hollow upwards to the highway, along the road towards the west, to Ffynnon Oer, where

1 See page 532.

it began. Of the clergy, the witnesses are, Joseph, Bishop; Rwydd, priest; Cyfeiliawg, canon of Llandaff; Elcu, priest of Lannmocha; of the laity, Rhydderch son of Iestin, King; Rhiwallon, Bynus son of Marchfyw, Marchwydd son of Ieuddeu, the heirs of Gwgan; Seisyllt son of Elcu, of Lannmocha; Glywi son of Ffermarch, Enud son of Glywi, Breichiawl son of Gwallawg, Nudd son of Morgan, Tudlew, Bleddwrbur. Whoever will keep it, may God keep him; and whoever will seperate it from the Church of Llandaff, may he be accursed. Amen.

CHAPTER X.1

ACCOUNT OF THE CONSECRATION OF HERWALD, BISHOP OF LLANDAFFGRANT OF CADWGAN son of MEURIG, KING OF GLAMORGAN-PRIVILEGE GRANTED BY Gruffydd, King of BRITAIN AND OF ALL WALES GRANTS OF IESTYN SON OF GWRGAN-AND OF CARADOG SON OF RHIWALLONACCOUNT OF THE DISTRICT OF ERGYNG-THE CONSECRATION OF SEVERAL CHURCHES, AND THE ORDINATION OF MINISTERS FOR THEM BY BISHOP HERWALD-THE DEATH OF BISHOP HERWALD, AND THE CONSECRATION OF URBAN HIS SUCCESSOR.

HERWALD, BISHOP.2

1.-OF THE CONSECRATION OF BISHOP HERWALD.

The Author and Governor of every creature, visible and invisible, whom we believe to be in himself one in substance, and three in persons, and of himself subsisting, whom we confess, with all persons that embrace the orthodox faith, to be the cause of all the prosperity of the present life, and the eternal happiness of immortality. Be it known to the benevolent prudence of those who read and

1 The subject-matter of this Chapter commences at page 254 of the original Latin, and has reference to particulars which took place when Herwald was Bishop of Llandaff.

2 Herwald, or Herwallt, was Bishop of Llandaff during the eventful times of Edward the Confessor, Harold II. William the Conqueror, William Rufus, and Henry I., Kings of England. He was a native of Wales, although the earlier part of his life was spent among the English. He must have been consecrated Bishop of Llandaff about the year 1056, which consecration was confirmed afterwards by Archbishop Cynisi, at a Synod held in London in 1059, as his death is recorded to have taken place in the year 1103 or 1104, in the 48th year of his Prelacy, he being then upwards of a hundred years

of age.

understand this discourse, that the heavenly shepherd, Christ the Lord, by whose providence and direction all the body of the earthly church is ordered and governed, with bountiful compassion, mercifully elected Herwald to the sacerdotal dignity of his Church of Llandaff, who had been ordained Priest through means of the humble imposition of the hands of Joseph, Bishop of Llandaff, and had remained a considerable time among the English, and shone in grace and morals as well before them as before the principal persons of his own country, that is the British nation. Whose election by the invincible Gruffydd, the powerful monarch of the Britons, and Meurig son of Hywel, being unanimous, the Prelates, Priests, Doctors, Chiefs, and Nobles, agreeing thereto, his consecration was honourably confirmed by the eminent Archbishop Cynisis,1 and canonically completed by many other Bishops of England, under whose hand, and according to whose rule, he became Bishop after the manner of his predecessors, the glorious Lord Edward, King of the Anglo-Saxons, being present, and all Bishops, and Abbots, and also Archdeacons, with all orders of the Church, and learned men, adjudging it to be firmly and surely ratified, and likewise blessing it in that famous synod, which was held at London in the Whitsun week, in the year 1059 from the birth of our Lord Jesus Christ, in which council of the learned men, a decree of this kind was thus pronounced and confirmed,

1 Bishop Godwin states that Herwald was consecrated by Stigand, Archbishop of Canterbury, whose name however bears no resemblance to Cynisi. But as Stigand was not always regarded as a legitimate Archbishop, owing to the irregular manner by which he thrust himself into the see, of which he was afterwards deprived in 1067; it is more than probable that Kinsi, Archbishop of York from 1050 to 1060, was the Prelate who presided at the above convocation.

2 Edward III. surnamed the Confessor, became King of England in 1048, and died in 1066.