And in the district of Guhir,' and Cetgueli,' and Cantref Bichan,' King Cadwgan reigned many years, until his death. Wherefore he received hostages of Cadifor Torrawg, Asser son of Rhydderch, Garwy, Selyf son of Hywel, Collwyn son of Llywarch the son of Athrem, Hywel son of Trystan, Gulbrit son of Marchan, Mor son of Ceredig.

In Ystradyw, Herwald consecrated the church of St. Michael, and the church of Lann Cetguinn, and Lann Petyr, and Merthyr Issui,5 and committed the care of those churches to Madweith, and to Isaac after him, and to Beatus the priest, whom he, the Bishop, had ordained priests; and which he held in all episcopal subjection in the time of King William, and Earl William, and Walter de Lacy.

9.-OF THE DEATH OF BISHOP HERWALD, AND THE CONSECRATION OF URBAN, HIS SUCCESSOR.

Herwald, Bishop of Llandaff, in the year of our Lord's incarnation, one thousand one hundred and four, and in the forty eighth year of his consecration, under King Henry, and Anselm, Archbishop of Canterbury, and on the sixth day of March, migrated to the Lord. And the Bishoprick was vacant four years, five months, and seven days. And in the year of the incarnation of our Lord one thousand one hundred and seven, on the 11th day of

1 The districts of Gower, Kidwelly, and Cantref Bychan.

2 Ystradyw,—an ancient district in Breconshire, see page 512.

3 Llanfihangel Cwmdu, Breconshire, see page 413.

4 Llanbedr Ystradyw, a church 2 miles N. by E. from Crickhowel.

5 Merthyr Issui, or Patricio,-a chapel to Llanbedr Ystradyw, situate about 5 miles N. E. from Crickhowel.

6 Henry I. became King of England in the year 1100, and died 1135.

7 Anselm became Archbishop of Canterbury in 1093, and died 1109.

August, Urban,' Archdeacon of the Church of Llandaff, in the thirty second year of his age, and under the same Princes, was by the same metropolitan consecrated Bishop at Canterbury, the following Bishops of England being present, Gerard, of York, metropolitan; Maurice, of London; Windulf, of Rochester; Radulph, of Chichester; Robert, of Lincoln; Robert, of Chester; Herbert, of Norwich; Radulph, of Durham; John, of Bath. And on the same day likewise

2

1 Urban is called in the Welsh Chronicles, Gwrfan, where he is also represented as being celebrated for his wisdom and liberality, as well as for his munificence in bestowing honourable endowments upon the Cathedral of Llandaff, and upon various Monasteries which had been pillaged during the wars of Iestyn son of Gwrgan and Robert Fitz Hammon. It is also stated that he was an active and vigorous suppressor of all evil and vicious practices and customs, and was a most conciliatory arbitrator in all contentions, the effect of which was, that his diocese became more peaceable than any other part of Wales.-Myv. Arch. II. 556.

The three following Chapters of this Work bear ample testimony of the indefatigable zeal of Bishop Urban, in his strenuous efforts to restore the Diocese of Llandaff to its original state. Although unable to retain possession of those territories in the diocesses of St. David's and Hereford, which he considered to have belonged to Llandaff, he appears to have been successful in raising to a state of prosperity the revenues of his see from the poor and miserable condition to which, through the negligence and inability of his predecessors, they had been reduced. By these means, with the aid of other resources, he was enabled to rebuild the Cathedral of Llandaff, which had become almost a heap of ruins during the disastrous wars in the conquest of Glamorgan by the Normans. It is uncertain what might have been the issue of the dispute respecting the territories of the diocese, had Urban lived to see its conclusion, which, however, was not permitted him, as he was cut off by death when travelling "beyond the seas," in his fourth journey to Rome, in the 57th year of his age, and in the year 1133.

2 The Work in the original Latin concludes thus abruptly at the end of the Book.

CHAPTER XI.1

EXHORTATION OF RALPH, ARCHBISHOP OF CANTERBURY, FOR REBUILDING THE CHURCH OF LLANDAFF-REQUISITION OF URBAN, BISHOP OF LLANDAFF, TO POPE CALIXTUS II.-NOTICE OF THE COUNCIL OF RHEIMSSEVERAL BULLS OR EDICTS OF CALIXTUS II. RELATING TO THE CHURCH OF LLANDAFF, ADDRESSED TO BISHOP URBAN, WILLIAM, ARCHBISHOP OF CANTERBURY, HENRY I. KING OF ENGLAND, AND VARIOUS OTHER PER

SONS.

1.-EXHORTATION FOR REBUILDING THE CHURCH OF LLANDAFF.

Ralph,2 by the grace of God Archbishop of Canterbury, to all sons of the Church, French, and English, and Welsh, and of whatever nation they may be, health, and the blessing of God, and his own. We request your charity, that ye would with the eyes of mercy regard the poverty of the Church of Llandaff; for depending on the aid of your alms, we propose to build the said Church, where the people of God may assemble to hear the word of the Lord. Whoever therefore will, for the love of God, contribute something of his property towards the building of the aforesaid Church, let him know that he will be a partaker of our prayers, and of our favours, and that, trusting

1 The subject-matter of this Chapter in the original Latin, commences at page 83 of this Work, and has reference to particulars which took place during the time that Urban, successor of Herwald, was Bishop of Llandaff, and Calixtus II. held the Papal see.

2 Ralph, Radulphus, or Rodulphus, became Archbishop of Canterbury in 1114, and died in 1122.

on the mercy of God, and on the power of our ministry, we will relax to him a fourth part of the burden of the penance, which may be imposed upon him by his confessors.

2.-REQUISITION OF BISHOP URBAN TO POPE CALIXTUS II.1 AT RHEIMS.

To the venerable apostolical Calixtus, chief Patron of Christianity, Urban, Bishop of the Church of Llandaff, sends faithful service and due reverence. The church of God, and ours under God and you, addresses this letter to your mercy and piety, and suppliantly requests that for the sake of Christ, the chief King, you will order that it may be carefully read, and that it be kindly heard by you. From the time of the ancient fathers, Dearly beloved Father and Lord, as the Chirograph of our Patron, St. Teilo, does testify, the aforesaid church, originally founded in honour of the apostle St. Peter, was always the mistress of all other churches in Wales, in dignity, and every privilege, until at length through means of seditions, and many injuries from wars, and my predecessor, Herwald, having become aged, and therefore enfeebled, it began to decline, and to be nearly deprived of its Pastor, and annihilated by the cruelty of the natives, and the invasion of the Normans.

Yet religious persons always remained in it to perform divine service, as well on account of its being in the neighbourhood of the English, from whom they differed nothing in church service, having been brought up and educa

1 Cardinal Guy, Archbishop of Vienna, was chosen Pope on the 1st day of February, and consecrated the 14th of October, 1119, under the name of CALIXTUS II.

2 Probably the original Book of St. Teilo, that contained various entries and documents which constituted materials for the compilation of the LIBER LANDAVENSIS, on account of which it was sometimes called LLYFR TEILO.

ted among them, as because that, from ancient times, that is, from the time of Eleutherius, Pope of the See of Rome, and after the coming of Augustine, metropolitan of the Church of Canterbury, to the island of Britain, the Bishop of this place was always subject and obedient in all things to the same Archbishop, and also to the King of England. But very lately, during the reign of William Rufus, a great number of the clergy were destroyed, and of the twenty four canons, whereby the church had been protected, but two remained therein, and in the possession of the Church only four ploughlands, and four oxgangs of land. And the church is not only desolate, and impoverished by having its territories taken from it, but also by being deprived of its tithes, and of the clergy of the diocese, both by the robbery of the laity and of the monks, and by the great invasion of the territory and diocese by our brethren the Bishops of Hereford and of St. David's. Now, I beseech you as a father, and as an unarmed person one who is armed, and as a weak individual one that is strong, that you will, as far as you are able, succour our church, which is committed to you; that he who made us may support you, and after the end of your labour, lead you to eternal happiness. Amen.

3.-NOTICE OF THE COUNCIL OF RHEIMS.1

In the year of the incarnation of our Lord, one thousand one hundred and nineteen, the Council of Rheims, assembled by Pope Calixtus, at which were present Louis VI. King of France, and five hundred pastoral staves, both Archbishops, and Bishops, and likewise Abbots, and a

1 The ordinances of this Council are given in the 9th section of this Chapter.