OLD THEATRE IN TOTTENHAM COURT ROAD (8th S. x. 495).—As a mere guess, I suggest that Foote's mention of "these gentlemen, public performers ......in Tottenham Court Road," makes reference to George Whitefield, whose tabernacle was there. Beyond question there is a sneer in the words. The histrionic exaggeration of Whitefield's style is thus spoken of by Johnson : "Whitefield never drew as much attention. As a mountebank does, he did not draw attention by doing better than others, but doing what was strange. Were Astley to preach a sermon standing upon his head on a horse's back he would collect a multitude to hear him; but no wise man would say he had made a better sermon for that." (In Boswell, at, seventy.) C. B. MOUNT. Foote's remarks refer not to a theatre, but to George Whitefield's chapel in Tottenham Court Road. See Mr. Tyerman's 'Life of Whitefield.' EDWARD H. MARSHALL, M.A. Hastings. tained the name of the rooms were Doubtless this was in Tottenham Street, Tottenham Court Road. The originally built by Francis Pasquail, and ob"King's Concert Rooms." They were appropriated for the "Concerts of Ancient Music," patronized by King George III. and Queen Charlotte; but being too small for the subscribing nobility and gentry, the concerts were first transferred to the King's Theatre, Haymarket, and eventually to the concert rooms in Hanover Square. In 1810 the rooms were converted into a theatre, which for some years was known as "The Theatre of Variety." It subsequently bore the names of the Tottenham Street, Regency, Royal West London, Royal Fitzroy, or Queen's Theatre. 71, Brecknock Road. EVERARD HOME COLEMAN. 'ROBIN ADAIR' (8th S. x. 196, 242, 304, 426). -The memoirs of Sir Robert Adair in the Gentleman's Magazine, 1855, new series, xliv. 535, and in the 'Dict. Nat. Biog.' say nothing about his which may be worth correction. It is stated that Adair was created a K.C.B. in 1809. In that year there was only one class of the Order of the Bath, and Adair was created a K.B. By a notification in the London Gazette, January 2, 1815, the order was extended, and divided into the three classes which now exist, viz., G.C.B., K.C.B., and C.B. All the former knights became thereupon G.C.B.8., and amongst these, of course, was Adair, who was never, therefore, a K.C.B. At the date of his death, October 3, 1855, at the age of ninetytwo, he was the senior knight of the order. W. F. PRIDEAUX. Kingsland, Shrewsbury. BUTLER COLE (8th S. x. 495).-Thomas Butler, of Kirkland Hall, in the parish of Garstang, Lancashire, was born in 1695, and married the daughter of Edmund Cole, of Cole, his son Alexander, of Kirkland and Cole, in 1811 devised his estates to his great-nephew, Thomas Butler, whose only son, Thomas, took the surname of Cole in addition to his own, by letters patent dated December 16, 1817. He died in 1864. I have never been able to trace any connexion between the author of Hudibras' and this family. For details concerning Butlers of Kirkland Hall see the 'History of Garstang' (Chetham Society, vols. civ. and cv.). HENRY FISHWICK. WAVE NAMES (8th S. x. 432).-Your correspondent says that the notes he gives under this heading "were culled from the Family Herald a few years ago; I cannot give the exact date." I should much like to know that date. It is a curious coincidence that the whole of the remainder of MR. HALE's note agrees almost verbatim with turnover" on part of a waves," written by myself in the Globe of 17 March, 1896, less than a year ago. I am not a reader of the Family Herald, and know nothing of anything that it may have contained on this subject. My authorities for the names and statements which MR. HALE gives, without any quotation marks, from my article, were the Folk-lore Journal (Folk-lore Society, 1885), vol. iii. p. 306, and Edward FitzGerald's 'Sea Words and Phrases along the Suffolk Coast,' printed in the East Anglian, 1869, vol. iii. pp. 347-358. The Lincolnshire statement had no G. L. APPERSON. book authority. "AS PLAIN AS A PIKE-STAFF" (8th S. ix. 346; x. 141).-MR. H. CHICHESTER HART writes that "it was a droll idea to suggest that this phrase was due to a writer in 1691." So far as I know, no one has suggested any such thing. I stated that Byrom was born in 1691, and then showed that the expression was much earlier than Byrom's birth. The idea that Byrom was a writer in 1691 is too ludicrous. MR. HART gives as a reference for the by Ebsworth, p. 228, 1661. This date must be a mistake, as the reprint, according to my copy, is of the 1691 edition. Mr. Ebsworth, however, in his appendix, remarks that the text referred to agrees virtually with 'Anecdote against Melancholy,' 1661, pp. 11. Now the passage to which MR. HART refers is almost identical with the earlier version quoted by me from Wit Restor'd,' 1658. He refers, moreover, to Dekker's Witch of Ed. monton,' apparently for the use of "pack-staff." My copy of the play is in J. Pearson's reprint of Dekker's Works,' vol. iv., 1873, in which the reading is "pike-staff": to A note on p. 447 states that the play appears have been brought on the stage in 1623. MR. HART'S date is 1621. The play was not published till 1658. Inaccuracy in 'N. & Q.' valde deflendum est. This must be my excuse for the above remarks. F. C. BIRKBECK TERRY. The passage in Marston's 'Scourge of Villanie' alluded to at the second reference runs thus:Faire age! When 'tis a high and hard thing t' have repute It can hardly be said that the proverb is quoted St. Andrews, N.B. GEORGE ANGUS. As your correspondent C. W. W. ends with a query, addressed apparently to me, I venture to reply that a faculty to confirm an arrangement made in accordance with a clergyman's interpretation of an option given by an Act of Parliament is not the same as a faculty to give authority to that Act. The Ornaments Rubric is enforced by squandered, and priests have been put in gaol, as the result of private interpretations. Faculties are needed for many structural changes in churches, which when done are quite lawful, but which without a previous faculty are not lawful and may have to be undone. EDWARD H. MARSHALL, M.A. GIBBET HILL (8th S. ix. 388, 432; x. 244).— A slight mound, now rased, in the Castle Green at Launceston, upon which the scaffold was erected in the days when this was an assize town, was known as Gallows Hill; and the name was also given (and is still used) to a portion of St. Stephen's certain of the condemned prisoners used to be taken Down, about two miles from the town, whither in a cart, with ropes around their necks, for execution. DUNHEVED. There is a Gibbet Hill, near Hindhead, where three tramps murdered a sailor, 24 September, 1786, under circumstances which must be fresh in the minds of novel readers through Mr. BaringGould's powerful story 'The Broom-Squire.' EDWARD H. MARSHALL, M.A. " TENEBRÆ. THE "PARSON'S NOSE" (8th S. x. 496).-In 'Noctes Ambrosianæ,' vol. ii. p. 320, edited 1855, this is called the 66 Bishop.' The Shepherd, North, and Tickler are supposed to be discussing a very fine goose, when Tickler says, "Cut the apron off the Bishop,' North; but you must have a longer spoon to get into the interior." From Blackwood's Magazine, December, 1829. WM. GRAHAM F. PIGOTT. The "Pope's nose is almost, or quite, as common as the other phrase, I should say. There is a witty but dirty story of an Irishman and the "Pope's nose" which is good evidence of this. C. C. B. MORAVIA: STIRLING: LINDSAY (8th S. x. 295). -The books I have at hand on these families state there were several persons and families of the name of Striveling, or Stirling, and that the information concerning them is so meagre that their relationship cannot be definitely ascer two sons; his eldest, Robert (1170-1200), had two sons, of whom the eldest, Sir Alexander, who was knighted by King Alexander II., married in 1234 a daughter of Sir Firskin de Kerdal, and by her had three sons: (1) Sir John, his heir; (2) Sir Alexander, progenitor of the Stirlings of Calder; (3) William (circa 1292), who is thought to be the forefather of the Stirlings of Glenesk. Sir John Stirling, of Glenesk, probably his grandson, left an only daughter Catherine, who married (date of settlement 1365) Sir Alexander Lindsay, whose son, Sir David of Glenesk, was created Earl of Orawford. If J. D. had given his authority for supposing there was any connexion between the families of Moravia and Stirling it might have been easier to follow up the relationship. Freskin (1124) is the name of the first-mentioned personage of the family of Moravia. Perhaps J. D. has, through the similarity in the name of the above-mentioned Firskin de Kerdal, thought they were one and the same person. JOHN RADCLIFFE. have changed an original B into Sh, dead against the law which COL. PRIDEAUX thinks he has discovered. MR. SAMPSON is not so easily disposed of. As his differences from me are more matters of opinion than of fact, I will take them in order. 66 1. He says Shelta is not a dialect." I have no time to split straws, so will cede this delicate point. 2. He says Shelta is not a variety of English slang. But in his article in Chambers he himself alludes to it as one of the varieties of English cant. "Shelta contributes largely to other English cants" are his exact words. If slang and cant are not the same, this is surely splitting straws again. 3. "Mizzard, slam, dan, reener, are not Shelta." The truth is, that there is Shelta and Shelta. MR. SAMPSON appears to confine the term to "deep Shelta, which, like "deep" Romany, has no admixture of English. But mizzard, slam, dan, reener, have undergone a change peculiarly Shelta, and are used by the classes that speak Shelta. that I am right about grawney being Shelta, but 4. MR. SAMPSON has not the grace to admit goes out of his way to call it an "English corruption" of Shelta granya. The fact is, Shelta being an unwritten tongue, orthography is a matter of individual ear. The scientific spelling of this word would be graina, after Irish faine (or fainne), so that grawney and granya are alike phonetic. To quarrel about their respective merits would be like the cockney tourists, who could not agree whether to write Boolong or Booloin. Leland writes many Shelta words differently from MR. SAMPSON. Are these all " English corruptions"? Jas. Platt, Jun. If it is really a fact that Irish is the basis of Shelta, this surely gives some solidity to a suspicion which I, for one, have long entertained, namely, that our Gipsies are the nomadic remnant of a Celtic people. Is this supposition too manifestly wrong to be entertained ? JOHN HOBSON MATTHEWS. Town Hall, Cardiff, 1. The conversion of gizzard into mizzard he calls rhyming slang; but although in a way every word which differs from another only in the initial may be said to be rhyming slang, that is not the correct use of the term. Rhyming slang should be "PAUL'S PURCHASE" (8th S. x. 355, 401, 481). a system of phrases (not words), and more often-This coin is mentioned in Medwin's Conversathan not the last or rhyming word is omitted, and tions of Lord Byron' (at p. 126 of "a new edition," the first, or non-rhyming, part of the phrase emLondon, Colburn, 1824). The passage, being short ployed alone. "A pair of turtles on his martins," and seasonable, may be worth quoting :meaning a pair of turtle-doves (gloves) on his St. Martin's-le-Grands (hands), is an example from Farmer and Henley. 2. He has evolved an imaginary principle by mixing together two pages of the Journal of the Gipsy-lore Society which refer to entirely different things. MR. SAMPSON's list of sounds interchangeable in Shelta is a guide to pronunciation. Prof. Meyer's third process is a guide to derivation. 66 [Lord Byron's] dinner, when alone, cost five Pauls; and thinking he was overcharged, he gave his bills to a lady of my acquaintance to examine. At a Christmasday dinner he had ordered a plum-pudding à l'Anglaise. Somebody afterwards told him it was not good. 'Not good!' said he: 'why, it ought to be good; it cost fifteen Pauls.' About 28. for a nobleman's dinner sounds frugal, and an allowance of 6s. 3d. to defray the cost of the pudding at his Christmas party is suggestive, to the "plum-duff" of schoolboy days. Taken by itself, this trait could have almost been read as a sign that Mrs. Williams's prophecy as to Byron's dying a miser might ultimately come true. But the dinner took place at Pisa, and the failure of the pudding may well be set down to the foreign Cook's inexperience. Byron, if abstemious in food himself, feasted his friends right royally on his fixed days, when, as our author observes, "every sort of wine, every luxury of the season and English delicacy, were displayed." "I never knew any man [adds Medwin] do the honours of his house with greater kindness and hospitality.” On p. 335 Medwin says of the poet: "Miserly in trifles-about to lavish his whole fortune on the Greeks," &c.; and yet again, on p. 304: "Lord Byron was the best of masters," &c.; and, "I remember one day, as we were entering the hall after our ride, meeting a little boy, of three or four years old, of the coachman's, whom he took up in his arms and presented with a ten-paul piece." A fair set off against the fifteen-paul pudding story. H. E. MORGAN. St. Petersburg. JOHN LOGAN (8th S. x. 495).-He may have of BIBLICAL SENTENCES IN ENGLISH LITURGY (8th S. x. 515).-Bishop Westcott, in his 'English Bible,' points out the various translations represented in the Prayer Book. The offertory sentences and "comfortable words" are probably Cranmer's own translation from the Latin. The evangelical canticles display "the same independence versions. The Psalms are revised from the Great Bible. At the Savoy Conference the Puritans demanded the exclusive use of the Authorized Version, and the bishops conceded the Epistles and Gospels, but the other parts remained as before. See also Procter's Prayer Book' and Mombert's English Versions.' Hastings. EDWARD H. MARSHALL, M.A. In 'Excursions through Suffolk' (1819), vol. ii. p. 34, it is stated that fort. The erection of the former is supposed to have A portrait of Henry Rich, Earl of Holland, is Hastings. OAK BOUGHS (8th S. x. 75, 385, 486).-In the paragraph from 'Old English Customs, by P. H. Ditchfield, is the oddest jumble of mistakes: of Charles II. at the battle of Dettingen, and stood "Another stated that the regiment saved the life round the tree in which the king was hidden." It was George II. who fought at Dettingen, and Charles II. who was hidden in the tree, and most certainly he was not guarded by any regiment whatever, his only protectors being Capt. Careless and Penderell. CHARLOTTE G. BOGER. Chart Sutton, Kent. COWDRAY: DE CAUDREY (8th S. x. 235, 485). -I thank correspondents for interesting informa LANDGUARD FORT, SUFFOLK (8th S. x. 515).-Ition regarding the origin of Cowdray. Since my know nothing of the history of the fort, but I can give a date or two of some of the governors and another name. 1626. Henry Rich, first Earl of Holland, second son of the first Earl of Warwick; a Royalist; beheaded as such, 9 March, 1649; married Isabel Cope, and had descendants, who succeeded to the earldom of Warwick and expired in 1759. 1661. Robert Rich, third Earl of Warwick. There is some mistake here, for Robert, third earl, died in 1659, and the earl of 1661, his brother, was named Charles. 1749. Capt. Philip Thicknesse, who married query appeared I have discovered a connexion "In a bull of Innocent III. to the Hôtel Dieu in between the De Coudrys and the town of Caen. Comitis de Harcort, Rogier de Mandeville, and that town the following names occur: Wuillelmi Wadum de Coudreie, A.D. 1210." I think it probable these Norman de Coudrées were connected with the De Mandevilles as well as De Bohuns. Cowdray in Sussex may have been held by the De Coudrays, hence the name. T. W. C. This name is common in Surrey and Sussex. Cowderay is one variant. Is it possible that the cloth was named from its inventor? Caudrey is land Christopher Wharton married Mary Cowdray. One of his cousins, William Wharton, married Mary, daughter of Owen Bray, of Shere, Surrey (d. 1563 ?). A. C. H. PEACOCK FEATHERS UNLUCKY (8th S. iv. 426, 531; v. 75, 167; ix. 408, 458; x. 33, 358, 479). -It may be noted that peacocks' feathers are not uncommon in German heraldry, and thus can hardly have been considered unlucky in old days. In the Ritter-Saal of this old castle of the Habsburgs is a fresco in which the Habsburger is represented bearing peacocks' feathers in his helmet. And the mane of the Habsburg lion is to be seen here, and elsewhere, ornamented with peacocks' feathers. Some of the reigning families of Germany, e. g., Anhalt, Mecklenburg, &c., bear peacocks' feathers, either as a crest or with the crest. Further, Schiller, in 'William Tell,' alludes to them as a knightly ornament, old Attinghauser saying to Rudenz— Die Pfauenfeder trägst du stolz zur Schau. I think other correspondents have already noticed that in the East peacocks' feathers are carried as a symbol of royalty. The durbar furniture of the Resident at Nagpore included, besides sundry silver maces and staves, a "chowrie," or fly-wisp, with a solid gold handle, and a "trophy of peacocks' feathers" with a similar gold handle. And such articles are to be seen at most durbars. J. H. RIVETT-CARNAC. Schloss Wildeck, Switzerland. From the following extract from Taylor's " Churches Deliverances' it would appear that peacocks' feathers were the insignia of some Papal decoration. Stukeley was an ambitious Englishman, much lauded by Elizabethan poets, more especially by George Peele in the Battle of Alcazar': And Stukeley from the Pope a prize had wonne Dublin, who remarks that the goose is a better farmyard sentinel than the dog, the latter being sometimes silenced by a bribe of food, whereas the goose is disturbed and cackles at the slightest sounds at night, and is noisiest when fed. H. E. M. St. Petersburg. ENGLISH AND SCOTCH STUDENTS AT PADUA (8th S. viii. 223, 233, 411; ix. 329).-Since making my previous communications on this subject, I find that the "Gabriel Onifield" of the lists therein given is identical with Gabriel Honyfield, of Westwell (near Ashford), co. Kent, M.D., son and heir of Richard Honyfield, gent., and who was living in 1677, and party to an indenture of that date, together with Jane Honyfield, of the same place, widow, and James Symons, of Aldington (near Hythe), same county, &c., relating to a messuage, &c., in Aldington aforesaid. This Dr. Honyfield does not, however, appear to have been a member of the London College of Physicians. W. I. R. V. "PINASEED” (8th S. x. 212, 320, 402).—Really and truly "pinaseed" is a condensation of "a pin to see it." A pin was the charge for looking at the "flower mosaic," nor would children unfold the pin-show unless the fee was paid in advance. "Seed" is a pronunciation of saw in the county of Derby. The "pinaseed " lines mostly used were: Gimmy a pin, ter stick imershin Another : Give me a pin, to stick in my chin, It's time to put my lady down. This used to be (and perhaps still is) sung when two children joined hands and carried a third round the room. I never heard it connected with the flower peep-shows, or poppet - shows, as I think we called them many years ago. "FORESTER" (8th S. x. 255, 301, 345).-MR. BRADLEY may like to be referred to one of Mr. John Murray's publications in 1895, viz., The New Forest,' by Rose C. de Crespigny and Horace a Hutchinson, with illustrations. At p. 144 et seq. there is an account of the Forest ponies and some remarks on their supposed descent. I only had ten minutes' glimpse of the book, but I noticed that the Forest geese are warmly praised for their intelligence and other mental qualities. They roam the forest at their own sweet will by day, and return home, unsolicited, at nightfall. I have always thought the goose a much maligned volatile. M. E. P. I have a distinct recollection that when I was little boy in a country school in Cardiganshire we flowers, under glass, as told by your other correused to put violets and daisies, or any other small spondents, and sometimes heads from pictures cut from our spelling books; but the lines we declaimed were Pins a piece to look at a show, D. M. R. "LEAVE OFF": "ABACK" (8th S. x. 356).—If |